{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4388523914","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su152215797","title":"The Impact of Travel and Tourism Sustainability on a Country\u2019s Image and as the Most Important Factor in the Global Competitive Index: Building Brands Based on Fogel, Schultz, and Schumpeter","display_name":"The Impact of Travel and Tourism Sustainability on a Country\u2019s Image and as the Most Important Factor in the Global Competitive Index: Building Brands Based on Fogel, Schultz, and Schumpeter","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-11-09","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4388523914","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su152215797"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/su152215797","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su152215797","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su152215797","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/15/22/15797/pdf?version=1699542684","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10134376","display_name":"Sustainability","issn_l":"2071-1050","issn":["2071-1050"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sustainability","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/15/22/15797/pdf?version=1699542684","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046217957","display_name":"Botond G\u00e9za K\u00e1lm\u00e1n","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8031-8016","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8031-8016"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210091916","display_name":"University of Applied Science Budapest","ror":"https://ror.org/00fcxqx79","country_code":"HU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210091916"]}],"countries":["HU"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Botond G\u00e9za K\u00e1lm\u00e1n","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Business, Budapest Metropolitan University, 1148 Budapest, Hungary"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8031-8016","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Business, Budapest Metropolitan University, 1148 Budapest, Hungary","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210091916"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062790354","display_name":"Judit Grotte","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-2385-7000","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0009-2385-7000"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3131414115","display_name":"Kodol\u00e1nyi J\u00e1nos University of Applied Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/03sfvke56","country_code":"HU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3131414115"]}],"countries":["HU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Judit Katalin Grotte","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Tourism, Kodol\u00e1nyi J\u00e1nos University, 1139 Budapest, Hungary"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Tourism, Kodol\u00e1nyi J\u00e1nos University, 1139 Budapest, Hungary","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3131414115"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5046217957"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210091916"],"apc_list":{"value":2200,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2447},"apc_paid":{"value":2200,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2447},"fwci":4.5734,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":18,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94263593,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"15","issue":"22","first_page":"15797","last_page":"15797"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10055","display_name":"Diverse Aspects of Tourism Research","score":0.9843999743461609,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1409","display_name":"Tourism, Leisure and Hospitality Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10055","display_name":"Diverse Aspects of Tourism Research","score":0.9843999743461609,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1409","display_name":"Tourism, Leisure and Hospitality Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13914","display_name":"European Cultural and National Identity","score":0.010599999688565731,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12428","display_name":"Global Trade and Competitiveness","score":0.0020000000949949026,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1408","display_name":"Strategy and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sustainable-tourism","display_name":"sustainable tourism","score":0.8849999904632568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/national-image","display_name":"national image","score":0.8209999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nation-branding","display_name":"nation branding","score":0.7279999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/global-competitiveness-index","display_name":"Global Competitiveness Index","score":0.8610000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/foreign-direct-investment","display_name":"foreign direct investment","score":0.7089999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tourist-arrivals","display_name":"tourist arrivals","score":0.7509999871253967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/overnight-stays","display_name":"overnight stays","score":0.7760000228881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/destination-image-perception","display_name":"destination perception","score":0.5929999947547913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/national-competitiveness","display_name":"national competitiveness","score":0.6069999933242798}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18918823","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q49389","display_name":"Tourism","level":2,"score":0.859847903251648},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66204764","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q219416","display_name":"Sustainability","level":2,"score":0.7628248929977417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776291640","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2912517","display_name":"Value (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.6010423302650452},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162853370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39809","display_name":"Marketing","level":1,"score":0.5795233249664307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777382242","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6017816","display_name":"Index (typography)","level":2,"score":0.5650917887687683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26760741","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160402","display_name":"Perception","level":2,"score":0.5471972823143005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.4787028133869171},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33842695","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q490513","display_name":"Foreign direct investment","level":2,"score":0.4183107316493988},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.3479710519313812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.20414984226226807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139719470","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39680","display_name":"Macroeconomics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/su152215797","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su152215797","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su152215797","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/15/22/15797/pdf?version=1699542684","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10134376","display_name":"Sustainability","issn_l":"2071-1050","issn":["2071-1050"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sustainability","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:real.mtak.hu:191194","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://real.mtak.hu/191194/1/sustainability-15-15797-with-cover.pdf","pdf_url":"https://real.mtak.hu/191194/1/sustainability-15-15797-with-cover.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400081","display_name":"Repository of the Academy's Library (Library of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210140733","host_organization_name":"Library and Information Centre of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210140733"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:15:y:2023:i:22:p:15797-:d:1277278","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/15/22/15797/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/su152215797","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su152215797","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su152215797","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/15/22/15797/pdf?version=1699542684","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10134376","display_name":"Sustainability","issn_l":"2071-1050","issn":["2071-1050"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sustainability","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4388523914.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4388523914.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":21,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1523937828","https://openalex.org/W2004729873","https://openalex.org/W2042415552","https://openalex.org/W2081972431","https://openalex.org/W2082476980","https://openalex.org/W2104643053","https://openalex.org/W2111656999","https://openalex.org/W2123091346","https://openalex.org/W2168512241","https://openalex.org/W2335393234","https://openalex.org/W2412247133","https://openalex.org/W2499273683","https://openalex.org/W2770304755","https://openalex.org/W2903954900","https://openalex.org/W2916739424","https://openalex.org/W2981270851","https://openalex.org/W2999285752","https://openalex.org/W3041510516","https://openalex.org/W3109346361","https://openalex.org/W4232123288","https://openalex.org/W4234273761"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7110982010","https://openalex.org/W2300313113","https://openalex.org/W7017584731","https://openalex.org/W1509624628","https://openalex.org/W2562900795","https://openalex.org/W7111100795","https://openalex.org/W2910894805","https://openalex.org/W4408174354","https://openalex.org/W4415818377","https://openalex.org/W3087465448"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Two":[0],"economic":[1],"metrics":[2],"demonstrate":[3],"the":[4,12,15,27,30,33,39,53,63,69,99,101,121,131,136,142,149,164,179,183,186],"actual,":[5],"practical":[6],"judgment":[7],"of":[8,17,43,55,65,71,86,91,133,153,185],"a":[9,59,72,83,87,92,126,145,154],"country:":[10],"on":[11,29,98,120],"one":[13],"hand,":[14,32],"number":[16],"arriving":[18,37],"tourists":[19],"and":[20,23,49,125,135,151,157],"overnight":[21],"stays":[22],"their":[24],"share":[25],"within":[26],"GDP;":[28],"other":[31,78],"increase":[34],"in":[35,38,52,114,189,194],"FDI":[36],"country.":[40,57],"The":[41,174],"impact":[42],"macroenvironmental":[44],"elements":[45],"is":[46],"becoming":[47],"more":[48,50],"intense":[51],"life":[54],"each":[56],"How":[58],"country":[60,93,102],"deals":[61],"with":[62],"issue":[64],"sustainability":[66,80],"greatly":[67],"influences":[68],"perception":[70],"given":[73],"destination":[74],"among":[75],"travelers.":[76],"In":[77],"words,":[79],"has":[81],"become":[82],"serious":[84],"element":[85],"country\u2019s":[88,127,155,187],"image.":[89],"Impressions":[90],"formulated":[94],"by":[95],"others":[96],"build":[97,160],"image":[100],"authentically":[103],"reflects":[104],"about":[105],"itself.":[106],"This":[107,117],"image,":[108],"if":[109],"successful,":[110],"boosts":[111],"countries\u2019":[112],"competitiveness":[113,193],"all":[115],"sectors.":[116],"study":[118],"focuses":[119],"liaison":[122],"between":[123],"tourism":[124],"brand.":[128],"Researchers":[129],"examined":[130],"body":[132],"networks":[134],"interactions":[137],"thereof.":[138],"For":[139],"this":[140],"reason,":[141],"authors":[143,165],"established":[144],"model":[146],"to":[147,191],"explain":[148],"relationship":[150],"coaction":[152],"brand":[156,188],"tourism.":[158,195],"To":[159],"up":[161],"research":[162],"models,":[163],"used":[166],"data":[167],"from":[168],"publicly":[169],"available":[170],"international":[171],"public":[172],"databases.":[173],"researchers":[175],"detected":[176],"areas":[177],"where":[178],"improvement":[180],"achieved":[181],"increases":[182],"value":[184],"addition":[190],"its":[192]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":10}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2023-11-10T00:00:00"}
