{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4388523488","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/w15223916","title":"Assessing Groundwater Quality for Sustainable Drinking and Irrigation: A GIS-Based Hydro-Chemical and Health Risk Study in Kovilpatti Taluk, Tamil Nadu","display_name":"Assessing Groundwater Quality for Sustainable Drinking and Irrigation: A GIS-Based Hydro-Chemical and Health Risk Study in Kovilpatti Taluk, Tamil Nadu","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-11-09","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4388523488","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/w15223916"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/w15223916","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/w15223916","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/w15223916","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/15/22/3916/pdf?version=1699536442","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S134216166","display_name":"Water","issn_l":"2073-4441","issn":["2073-4441"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Water","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/15/22/3916/pdf?version=1699536442","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Vivek Sivakumar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5704-8473","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5704-8473"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405272215","display_name":"GMR Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03rxvm679","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405272215"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Vivek Sivakumar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Civil Engineering, GMR Institute of Technology, Razam 532127, Andhra Pradesh, India"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5704-8473","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Civil Engineering, GMR Institute of Technology, Razam 532127, Andhra Pradesh, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405272215"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5104247450","display_name":"Venkada Lakshmi Ramamoorthy","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Venkada Lakshmi Ramamoorthy","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Civil Engineering, SRM Madurai College for Engineering & Technology, Madurai 630612, Tamil Nadu, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Civil Engineering, SRM Madurai College for Engineering & Technology, Madurai 630612, Tamil Nadu, India","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5114596435","display_name":"Uma Maguesvari Muthaiyan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6883-1060","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6883-1060","https://orcid.org/0009-0008-2055-5421"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4399657946","display_name":"Rajalakshmi Engineering College","ror":"https://ror.org/01dw2vm55","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4399657946"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Uma Maguesvari Muthaiyan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Civil Engineering, Rajalakshmi Engineering College, Chennai 602105, Tamil Nadu, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Civil Engineering, Rajalakshmi Engineering College, Chennai 602105, Tamil Nadu, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4399657946"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5093229151","display_name":"Shumugapriya Kaliyappan","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shumugapriya Kaliyappan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Civil Engineering, Nehru Institute of Technology, Coimbatore 641105, Tamil Nadu, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Civil Engineering, Nehru Institute of Technology, Coimbatore 641105, Tamil Nadu, India","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009348910","display_name":"Gokulan Ravindiran","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1874-0408","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1874-0408"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gokulan Ravindiran","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Civil Engineering, VNR Vignana Jyothi Institute of Engineering and Technology, Hyderabad 500090, Telengana, India"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1874-0408","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Civil Engineering, VNR Vignana Jyothi Institute of Engineering and Technology, Hyderabad 500090, Telengana, India","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Sethuraman Shanmugam","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-6765-5679","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0006-6765-5679"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4387154466","display_name":"M. Kumarasamy College of Engineering","ror":"https://ror.org/03z0n5k81","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4387154466"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sethuraman Shanmugam","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Civil Engineering, M.Kumarasamy College of Engineering, Thalavapalayam, Karur 639113, Tamil Nadu, India"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-6765-5679","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Civil Engineering, M.Kumarasamy College of Engineering, Thalavapalayam, Karur 639113, Tamil Nadu, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4387154466"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086828256","display_name":"Priya Velusamy","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-7019-8505","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0001-7019-8505"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405272215","display_name":"GMR Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03rxvm679","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405272215"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Priya Velusamy","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Civil Engineering, GMR Institute of Technology, Razam 532127, Andhra Pradesh, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Civil Engineering, GMR Institute of Technology, Razam 532127, Andhra Pradesh, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405272215"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067871644","display_name":"Logesh Natarajan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5654-2218","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5654-2218"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799351866","display_name":"Government of India","ror":"https://ror.org/036h6g940","country_code":"IN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799351866"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210100914","display_name":"Ministry of Earth Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/013cf5k59","country_code":"IN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210100914"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210117185","display_name":"National Centre for Coastal Research","ror":"https://ror.org/0236hye39","country_code":"IN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210117185"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Logesh Natarajan","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Centre for Coastal Research, Ministry of Earth Sciences, Government of India, Chennai 600100, Tamil Nadu, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Centre for Coastal Research, Ministry of Earth Sciences, Government of India, Chennai 600100, Tamil Nadu, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799351866","https://openalex.org/I4210100914","https://openalex.org/I4210117185"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080267333","display_name":"Hussein Almohamad","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8887-915X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8887-915X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I156216236","display_name":"Qassim University","ror":"https://ror.org/01wsfe280","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I156216236"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Hussein Almohamad","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Geography, College of Arabic Language and Social Studies, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8887-915X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Geography, College of Arabic Language and Social Studies, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I156216236"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045906486","display_name":"Motrih Al-Mutiry","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0056-0193","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0056-0193"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I106778892","display_name":"Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University","ror":"https://ror.org/05b0cyh02","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I106778892"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Motrih Al-Mutiry","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Geography, College of Arts, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Geography, College of Arts, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I106778892"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038832092","display_name":"Hazem Ghassan Abdo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9283-3947","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9283-3947"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405261622","display_name":"University of Tartus","ror":"https://ror.org/05kbz9h69","country_code":"SY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405261622"]}],"countries":["SY"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hazem Ghassan Abdo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Geography Department, Faculty of Arts and Humanities, Tartous University, Tartous P.O. Box 2147, Syria"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9283-3947","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Geography Department, Faculty of Arts and Humanities, Tartous University, Tartous P.O. Box 2147, Syria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405261622"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":9,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5080267333"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I156216236"],"apc_list":{"value":2200,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2447},"apc_paid":{"value":2200,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2447},"fwci":2.6176,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":33,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.90210213,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"15","issue":"22","first_page":"3916","last_page":"3916"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11634","display_name":"Water Quality and Pollution Assessment","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2312","display_name":"Water Science and Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11634","display_name":"Water Quality and Pollution Assessment","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2312","display_name":"Water Science and Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12773","display_name":"Water Quality and Resources Studies","score":0.0005000000237487257,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2312","display_name":"Water Science and Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12543","display_name":"Groundwater and Watershed Analysis","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/groundwater-quality","display_name":"groundwater quality","score":0.9959999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/water-potability","display_name":"drinking water suitability","score":0.9409999847412109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/irrigation-water-suitability","display_name":"irrigation water suitability","score":0.8410000205039978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/water-quality-index","display_name":"water quality index","score":0.7379999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human-health-risk-assessment","display_name":"human health risk assessment","score":0.7820000052452087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nitrate-pollution","display_name":"nitrate contamination","score":0.7960000038146973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fluoride-contamination","display_name":"fluoride contamination","score":0.9850000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/seasonal-variation","display_name":"seasonal variation","score":0.7239999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thoothukudi-district","display_name":"Thoothukudi district","score":0.7480000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hydrochemical-characterization","display_name":"hydrochemical characterization","score":0.35600000619888306}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76177295","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161598","display_name":"Groundwater","level":2,"score":0.7258809208869934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.6710519790649414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C524765639","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1501619","display_name":"Water resource management","level":1,"score":0.5881965160369873},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136996986","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42967","display_name":"Monsoon","level":2,"score":0.5388593077659607},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780797713","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q625376","display_name":"Water quality","level":2,"score":0.5357574224472046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C88862950","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11453","display_name":"Irrigation","level":2,"score":0.48860985040664673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76886044","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2883300","display_name":"Hydrology (agriculture)","level":2,"score":0.4516984820365906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776384668","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q182168","display_name":"Nitrate","level":2,"score":0.4202043414115906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87717796","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q146326","display_name":"Environmental engineering","level":1,"score":0.340654194355011},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.09894689917564392},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49204034","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52139","display_name":"Climatology","level":1,"score":0.0810742974281311},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.07485517859458923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.07162231206893921},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187320778","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1349130","display_name":"Geotechnical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/w15223916","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/w15223916","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/w15223916","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/15/22/3916/pdf?version=1699536442","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S134216166","display_name":"Water","issn_l":"2073-4441","issn":["2073-4441"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Water","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:0a5d40ad58224af78c2985d722a6a5a8","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/0a5d40ad58224af78c2985d722a6a5a8","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Water, Vol 15, Iss 22, p 3916 (2023)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/w15223916","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/w15223916","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/w15223916","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/15/22/3916/pdf?version=1699536442","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S134216166","display_name":"Water","issn_l":"2073-4441","issn":["2073-4441"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Water","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Clean water and sanitation","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/6","score":1.0},{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.46810001134872437},{"display_name":"Zero hunger","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2","score":0.40450000762939453}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324403","display_name":"Qassim University","ror":"https://ror.org/01wsfe280"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4388523488.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4388523488.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":63,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W260319260","https://openalex.org/W1968111533","https://openalex.org/W1971381271","https://openalex.org/W1976912003","https://openalex.org/W1982836372","https://openalex.org/W1998872792","https://openalex.org/W2005600721","https://openalex.org/W2008435275","https://openalex.org/W2013469553","https://openalex.org/W2015247269","https://openalex.org/W2054185858","https://openalex.org/W2074672298","https://openalex.org/W2138539078","https://openalex.org/W2150844682","https://openalex.org/W2152085068","https://openalex.org/W2186254629","https://openalex.org/W2215351447","https://openalex.org/W2604348331","https://openalex.org/W2891547602","https://openalex.org/W2915284144","https://openalex.org/W2939089146","https://openalex.org/W3109971682","https://openalex.org/W3130081654","https://openalex.org/W3152297691","https://openalex.org/W3170703512","https://openalex.org/W3187571650","https://openalex.org/W3192776671","https://openalex.org/W3198774326","https://openalex.org/W3213184978","https://openalex.org/W3213747251","https://openalex.org/W4210444417","https://openalex.org/W4210958248","https://openalex.org/W4221086474","https://openalex.org/W4229054610","https://openalex.org/W4280518299","https://openalex.org/W4284962165","https://openalex.org/W4285391167","https://openalex.org/W4293231918","https://openalex.org/W4294237574","https://openalex.org/W4307851106","https://openalex.org/W4308748704","https://openalex.org/W4309279822","https://openalex.org/W4312697249","https://openalex.org/W4313479842","https://openalex.org/W4313646354","https://openalex.org/W4316035728","https://openalex.org/W4319082420","https://openalex.org/W4319970110","https://openalex.org/W4323543656","https://openalex.org/W4324278822","https://openalex.org/W4327694208","https://openalex.org/W4327757187","https://openalex.org/W4366988796","https://openalex.org/W4380792882","https://openalex.org/W4380988291","https://openalex.org/W4383877533","https://openalex.org/W4383957003","https://openalex.org/W4384927635","https://openalex.org/W4385647171","https://openalex.org/W4385812739","https://openalex.org/W4385997688","https://openalex.org/W4386499513","https://openalex.org/W4387637557"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4412637787","https://openalex.org/W2747377144","https://openalex.org/W3173065237","https://openalex.org/W4399435086","https://openalex.org/W4415769727","https://openalex.org/W4365813979","https://openalex.org/W4390607298","https://openalex.org/W7217328989","https://openalex.org/W3096260106","https://openalex.org/W3167582735"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,56],"continuous":[1],"investigation":[2],"of":[3,22,69,73,121],"water":[4,41],"resources":[5],"is":[6,65],"essential":[7],"to":[8,89,154,163,180],"assess":[9],"pollution":[10],"risks.":[11],"This":[12],"study":[13],"investigated":[14],"a":[15,199],"groundwater":[16,30,122],"assessment":[17],"in":[18,115,118,186],"the":[19,35,119,155,164,169,181,187],"coastal":[20,126],"belt":[21],"Tamil":[23],"Nadu\u2019s":[24],"Kovilpatti":[25,116],"Taluk,":[26],"Thoothukudi":[27],"district.":[28],"Twenty-one":[29],"samples":[31,75],"were":[32,76,87],"collected":[33],"during":[34],"pre-monsoon":[36,70],"and":[37,54,63,71,84,97,101,106,113,132,148,158,172,183,192],"post-monsoon":[38,74,102],"seasons,":[39],"analyzing":[40],"quality":[42],"parameters,":[43],"namely":[44],"pH,":[45],"EC,":[46],"Cl\u2212,":[47],"SO42\u2212,":[48],"Ca2+,":[49],"Mg2+,":[50],"HCO3\u2212,":[51],"TH,":[52],"Na2+,":[53],"K+.":[55],"Water":[57],"Quality":[58],"Index":[59],"(WQI)":[60],"was":[61],"computed":[62,156],"it":[64],"observed":[66],"that":[67],"5%":[68],"9%":[72,107],"unsuitable":[77],"for":[78],"drinking.":[79],"SAR,":[80],"MHR,":[81],"RSC,":[82],"%Na":[83],"Kelley\u2019s":[85],"index":[86],"used":[88],"determine":[90],"irrigation":[91],"suitability.":[92],"Pre-monsoon":[93],"shows":[94,103],"29%":[95],"(MHR)":[96,105],"71%":[98],"(RSC)":[99,108],"unsuitable,":[100],"59%":[104],"unsuitable.":[109],"Coastal":[110],"activity,":[111],"urbanization,":[112],"industrialization":[114],"resulted":[117],"degradation":[120],"quality.":[123],"Solving":[124],"this":[125],"issue":[127],"requires":[128],"sustainable":[129],"wastewater":[130],"treatment":[131],"strict":[133],"industrial":[134],"discharge":[135],"guidelines.":[136],"Spatial":[137],"distribution":[138],"plots,":[139,141,143,145],"Box":[140],"Gibbs":[142],"Piper":[144],"Wilcox":[146],"plots":[147],"Correlation":[149],"Matrices":[150],"had":[151],"similar":[152],"results":[153],"WQI":[157],"its":[159],"physical\u2013chemical":[160],"parameters.":[161],"According":[162],"human":[165],"health":[166,177,201],"risk":[167],"assessment,":[168],"Mooppanpatti,":[170],"Illuppaiurani,":[171],"Vijayapuri":[173],"regions":[174],"show":[175],"high":[176],"risks":[178],"due":[179],"nitrate":[182],"fluoride":[184],"concentration":[185],"groundwater.":[188],"Kadambu,":[189],"Melparaipatti,":[190],"Therkuilandhaikulam,":[191],"Vadakku":[193],"Vandanam":[194],"have":[195],"low":[196],"levels,":[197],"posing":[198],"minimal":[200],"risk.":[202]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":20},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2023-11-10T00:00:00"}
