{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4388477694","doi":"https://doi.org/10.53095/88975018","title":"Economic Freedom of North America 2023 Dataset-All Government","display_name":"Economic Freedom of North America 2023 Dataset-All Government","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4388477694","doi":"https://doi.org/10.53095/88975018"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.53095/88975018","doi":"https://doi.org/10.53095/88975018","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.53095/88975018","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Fraser Institute","raw_type":"report"},"volume":null,"type":"report","is_traditional":false,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011645059","display_name":"Dean Stansel","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5616-8302","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5616-8302"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dean Stansel","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037206144","display_name":"Jos\u00e9 Torra","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jos\u00e9 Torra","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040189860","display_name":"Fred McMahon","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fred McMahon","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046708284","display_name":"\u00c1ngel Carri\u00f3n-Tav\u00e1rez","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0579-5829","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0579-5829"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Angel Carrion-Tavarez","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11042","display_name":"Corruption and Economic Development","score":0.5371000170707703,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11042","display_name":"Corruption and Economic Development","score":0.5371000170707703,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14112","display_name":"Economic, financial, and policy analysis","score":0.08449999988079071,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2000","display_name":"General Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13138","display_name":"Legal and Constitutional Studies","score":0.05950000137090683,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economic-freedom","display_name":"economic freedom","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/public-expenditure","display_name":"government spending","score":0.6690000295639038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/taxation","display_name":"taxation","score":0.8769999742507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/regulation","display_name":"regulation","score":0.8190000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/property-rights","display_name":"property rights","score":0.847000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/legal-system","display_name":"legal system","score":0.7950000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sound-money","display_name":"sound money","score":0.9440000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/public-investment","display_name":"public investment","score":0.8629999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/income-tax-rates","display_name":"income tax rates","score":0.8759999871253967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/credit-market-regulation","display_name":"credit market regulation","score":0.9959999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/trade-regulation","display_name":"trade regulation","score":0.968999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/federal-policy","display_name":"federal policy","score":0.5460000038146973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/canada","display_name":"Canada","score":0.7239999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/united-states","display_name":"United States","score":0.9959999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mexico","display_name":"Mexico","score":0.9639999866485596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/puerto-rico","display_name":"Puerto Rico","score":0.9990000128746033}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776122629","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q322996","display_name":"Economic freedom","level":2,"score":0.9057024717330933},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188924319","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1931610","display_name":"Index of Economic Freedom","level":3,"score":0.7921657562255859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778873167","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q59434791","display_name":"Payroll","level":2,"score":0.7264464497566223},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778137410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2732820","display_name":"Government (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.6558954119682312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48103436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q599031","display_name":"State (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.5535759925842285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777382242","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6017816","display_name":"Index (typography)","level":2,"score":0.5341008901596069},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775833480","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26084","display_name":"Freedom of information","level":2,"score":0.4502345025539398},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27548731","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q88272","display_name":"Investment (military)","level":3,"score":0.44001638889312744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.43156805634498596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86511162","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8799101","display_name":"Property rights","level":2,"score":0.4165136218070984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.380346417427063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.37534239888191223},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105639569","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q582577","display_name":"Economic policy","level":1,"score":0.3495008945465088},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.2588379383087158},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.12754178047180176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34447519","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179522","display_name":"Market economy","level":1,"score":0.11675986647605896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.10363003611564636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121955636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4116214","display_name":"Accounting","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175444787","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39072","display_name":"Microeconomics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.53095/88975018","doi":"https://doi.org/10.53095/88975018","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.53095/88975018","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Fraser Institute","raw_type":"report"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5473999977111816,"display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4388477453","https://openalex.org/W4312765590","https://openalex.org/W4388478180","https://openalex.org/W2918148266","https://openalex.org/W4312592681","https://openalex.org/W4388478099","https://openalex.org/W4312395220","https://openalex.org/W2916436006","https://openalex.org/W4313068266","https://openalex.org/W4416917185"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Dataset":[0],"of":[1,5,9,16,24,35,42,46,55,82,109],"the":[2,6,29,33,51,72,79,103,110,175],"all-government":[3,59],"index":[4,60],"Economic":[7,22,107],"Freedom":[8,23,108,125],"North":[10,25],"America":[11,26],"2023":[12,27],"report":[13],"for":[14,64,78],"comparison":[15],"federal":[17,104],"governments":[18,69],"in":[19,50,70,85],"different":[20],"countries.":[21],"measures":[28],"extent":[30],"to":[31,48,126,135,141,153,172],"which":[32],"policies":[34],"individual":[36],"provinces":[37],"and":[38,67,75,77,93,117,123,146,150,158,179],"states":[39],"are":[40,170],"supportive":[41],"economic":[43,52,167],"freedom\u2014the":[44],"ability":[45],"individuals":[47],"act":[49],"sphere":[53],"free":[54],"undue":[56],"restrictions.":[57],"The":[58],"employs":[61],"10":[62],"variables":[63],"92":[65],"provincial":[66,176],"state":[68,178],"Canada,":[71],"United":[73],"States,":[74],"Mexico,":[76],"US":[80],"territory":[81],"Puerto":[83],"Rico":[84],"three":[86,99],"areas:":[87],"(1)":[88],"Government":[89],"Spending,":[90],"(2)":[91],"Taxes,":[92],"(3)":[94],"Regulation.":[95],"Also,":[96],"we":[97,131],"incorporate":[98],"additional":[100],"areas":[101],"at":[102,174],"level":[105],"from":[106],"World":[111],"Annual":[112],"Report:":[113],"(4)":[114],"Legal":[115],"Systems":[116],"Property":[118],"Rights,":[119],"(5)":[120],"Sound":[121],"Money,":[122],"(6)":[124],"Trade":[127],"Internationally.":[128],"In":[129],"addition,":[130],"expand":[132],"Area":[133,139,151],"1":[134],"include":[136,142,154],"government":[137],"investment,":[138],"2":[140],"top":[143],"marginal":[144],"income":[145],"payroll":[147],"tax":[148],"rates,":[149],"3":[152],"credit":[155],"market":[156],"regulation":[157],"business":[159],"regulations.":[160],"These":[161],"additions":[162],"help":[163],"capture":[164],"restrictions":[165],"on":[166],"freedom":[168],"that":[169],"difficult":[171],"measure":[173],"or":[177,181],"municipal":[180],"local":[182],"level.":[183]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-09-11T09:22:31.653822","created_date":"2023-11-08T00:00:00"}
