{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4388235503","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2196/50897","title":"Experiences, Lessons, and Challenges With Adapting REDCap for COVID-19 Laboratory Data Management in a Resource-Limited Country: Descriptive Study","display_name":"Experiences, Lessons, and Challenges With Adapting REDCap for COVID-19 Laboratory Data Management in a Resource-Limited Country: Descriptive Study","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-11-02","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4388235503","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2196/50897","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38625736","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/11061793"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.2196/50897","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2196/50897","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2196/50897","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210234749","display_name":"JMIR Formative Research","issn_l":"2561-326X","issn":["2561-326X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","doyens","medline","norway-1","poland-20","russia-white-list-3","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"JMIR Formative Research","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.2196/50897","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009228305","display_name":"Kagiso Ndlovu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4175-8366","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4175-8366"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157273133","display_name":"University of Botswana","ror":"https://ror.org/01encsj80","country_code":"BW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157273133"]}],"countries":["BW"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Kagiso Ndlovu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, University of Botswana, Gaborone, Botswana"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4175-8366","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, University of Botswana, Gaborone, Botswana","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157273133"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039319655","display_name":"Kabelo Leonard Mauco","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9726-5966","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9726-5966"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28166907","display_name":"Karolinska Institutet","ror":"https://ror.org/056d84691","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28166907"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kabelo Leonard Mauco","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Learning, Informatics, Management and Ethics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9726-5966","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Learning, Informatics, Management and Ethics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28166907"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024215102","display_name":"Onalenna J. Makhura","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9976-4497","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9976-4497"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157273133","display_name":"University of Botswana","ror":"https://ror.org/01encsj80","country_code":"BW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157273133"]}],"countries":["BW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Onalenna Makhura","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, University of Botswana, Gaborone, Botswana"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9976-4497","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, University of Botswana, Gaborone, Botswana","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157273133"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Robin Hu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0212-2039","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0212-2039"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79576946","display_name":"University of Pennsylvania","ror":"https://ror.org/00b30xv10","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Robin Hu","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Arts and Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0212-2039","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Arts and Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076164792","display_name":"Nkwebi Peace Motlogelwa","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-1199-3659","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0000-1199-3659"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157273133","display_name":"University of Botswana","ror":"https://ror.org/01encsj80","country_code":"BW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157273133"]}],"countries":["BW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nkwebi Peace Motlogelwa","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, University of Botswana, Gaborone, Botswana"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-1199-3659","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, University of Botswana, Gaborone, Botswana","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157273133"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045852051","display_name":"Audrey Masizana-Katongo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2465-1946","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2465-1946"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157273133","display_name":"University of Botswana","ror":"https://ror.org/01encsj80","country_code":"BW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157273133"]}],"countries":["BW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Audrey Masizana","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, University of Botswana, Gaborone, Botswana"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2465-1946","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, University of Botswana, Gaborone, Botswana","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157273133"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074565566","display_name":"Emily Lo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-8719-0546","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0007-8719-0546","https://orcid.org/0009-0008-7764-1697"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79576946","display_name":"University of Pennsylvania","ror":"https://ror.org/00b30xv10","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Emily Lo","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Arts and Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-8719-0546","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Arts and Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022539784","display_name":"Thongbotho Mphoyakgosi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-9646-9796","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0002-9646-9796"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210140946","display_name":"Ministry of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/04551r843","country_code":"BW","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210140946"]}],"countries":["BW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Thongbotho Mphoyakgosi","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Health Laboratory, Ministry of Health, Gaborone, Botswana"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-9646-9796","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Health Laboratory, Ministry of Health, Gaborone, Botswana","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210140946"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089498228","display_name":"Sikhulile M. Moyo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3821-4592","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3821-4592"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210149475","display_name":"Botswana Harvard AIDS Institute Partnership","ror":"https://ror.org/04rkbns44","country_code":"BW","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210149475"]}],"countries":["BW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sikhulile Moyo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Botswana Harvard AIDS Institute Partnership, Gaborone, Botswana"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3821-4592","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Botswana Harvard AIDS Institute Partnership, Gaborone, Botswana","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210149475"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5009228305"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157273133"],"apc_list":{"value":1900,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1900},"apc_paid":{"value":1900,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1900},"fwci":0.3856,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.66578429,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"8","issue":null,"first_page":"e50897","last_page":"e50897"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10350","display_name":"Electronic Health Records Systems","score":0.8330000042915344,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3605","display_name":"Health Information Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10350","display_name":"Electronic Health Records Systems","score":0.8330000042915344,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3605","display_name":"Health Information Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11819","display_name":"Data-Driven Disease Surveillance","score":0.0625,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2713","display_name":"Epidemiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11937","display_name":"Research Data Management Practices","score":0.05730000138282776,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/redcap","display_name":"REDCap","score":0.9179999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/covid-19","display_name":"COVID-19 pandemic","score":0.7599999904632568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/laboratory-data-management","display_name":"laboratory data management","score":0.8709999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/public-health-laboratories","display_name":"public health laboratories","score":0.656000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interoperability","display_name":"interoperability","score":0.7170000076293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resource-limited-settings","display_name":"resource-limited settings","score":0.7960000038146973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/participatory-design","display_name":"participatory design","score":0.800000011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/digital-health-implementation","display_name":"digital health implementation","score":0.7319999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/capacity-building","display_name":"capacity building","score":0.6700000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/botswana","display_name":"Botswana","score":0.7129999995231628}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3008058167","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q84263196","display_name":"Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)","level":4,"score":0.7382305264472961},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3007834351","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82069695","display_name":"Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)","level":5,"score":0.4555876851081848},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3006700255","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q81068910","display_name":"2019-20 coronavirus outbreak","level":3,"score":0.4553445279598236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142546437","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2661195","display_name":"Descriptive research","level":2,"score":0.4480496048927307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39896193","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q380344","display_name":"Descriptive statistics","level":2,"score":0.4183003008365631},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.36040836572647095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.3376493752002716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3339688777923584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.2390952706336975},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159047783","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7215","display_name":"Virology","level":1,"score":0.1401287317276001},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.13728287816047668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.12677130103111267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116675565","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3241045","display_name":"Outbreak","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779134260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136","display_name":"Disease","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C524204448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q788926","display_name":"Infectious disease (medical specialty)","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36289849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749","display_name":"Social science","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.2196/50897","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2196/50897","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2196/50897","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210234749","display_name":"JMIR Formative Research","issn_l":"2561-326X","issn":["2561-326X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","doyens","medline","norway-1","poland-20","russia-white-list-3","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"JMIR Formative Research","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"doi:10.2196/preprints.50897","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2196/preprints.50897","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/preprints.50897","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"posted-content"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:11061793","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/11061793","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11061793/pdf/formative_v8i1e50897.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"JMIR Form Res","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:38625736","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38625736","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"JMIR formative research","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:b413c8fea34f4e1db14398168a55c394","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/b413c8fea34f4e1db14398168a55c394","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"JMIR Formative Research, Vol 8, p e50897 (2024)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.2196/50897","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2196/50897","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2196/50897","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210234749","display_name":"JMIR Formative Research","issn_l":"2561-326X","issn":["2561-326X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","doyens","medline","norway-1","poland-20","russia-white-list-3","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"JMIR Formative Research","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9391000270843506,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"},{"score":0.75,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/17","display_name":"Partnerships for the goals"},{"score":0.4000000059604645,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","display_name":"Reduced inequalities"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4388235503.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4388235503.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":30,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2093274439","https://openalex.org/W2095881341","https://openalex.org/W2116795584","https://openalex.org/W2142725249","https://openalex.org/W2566165435","https://openalex.org/W2623252536","https://openalex.org/W2731865152","https://openalex.org/W2798482035","https://openalex.org/W2899241902","https://openalex.org/W2944434778","https://openalex.org/W2952001667","https://openalex.org/W3014186302","https://openalex.org/W3024270013","https://openalex.org/W3080864197","https://openalex.org/W3082965690","https://openalex.org/W3092706853","https://openalex.org/W3107523442","https://openalex.org/W3147950262","https://openalex.org/W3159434115","https://openalex.org/W3161180692","https://openalex.org/W3163513159","https://openalex.org/W3169723321","https://openalex.org/W3183479225","https://openalex.org/W3212976119","https://openalex.org/W3214982574","https://openalex.org/W4230973621","https://openalex.org/W4232977219","https://openalex.org/W4235883711","https://openalex.org/W4241165710","https://openalex.org/W4310266395"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W6958302551","https://openalex.org/W6957994524","https://openalex.org/W3204916064","https://openalex.org/W4206922629","https://openalex.org/W2980526213","https://openalex.org/W3178127857","https://openalex.org/W4385253509","https://openalex.org/W3206047050","https://openalex.org/W7208782754","https://openalex.org/W3136163192"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"BACKGROUND:":[0],"The":[1],"COVID-19":[2,47,55,87,117,146,179,231,299,337],"pandemic":[3],"brought":[4],"challenges":[5,193,241],"requiring":[6],"timely":[7,42,341],"health":[8,62,70,360],"data":[9,56,118,147,180,232,300],"sharing":[10],"to":[11,40,82,115,132,170,204,259,274,297,354],"inform":[12,355],"accurate":[13],"decision-making":[14,344],"at":[15,58,73,89,120,149,235,294,323,345],"national":[16,60,347],"levels.":[17],"In":[18],"Botswana,":[19],"we":[20,326],"adapted":[21],"and":[22,30,44,102,108,112,137,157,161,194,214,225,266,283,302,342,364],"integrated":[23],"the":[24,31,59,67,74,90,99,110,121,134,140,150,162,192,205,220,236,267,287,295,305,311,316,320,324,328],"Research":[25],"Electronic":[26],"Data":[27],"Capture":[28],"(REDCap)":[29],"District":[32],"Health":[33,76,93],"Information":[34],"System":[35],"version":[36],"2":[37],"(DHIS2)":[38],"platforms":[39,114],"support":[41,116,144],"collection":[43,301],"reporting":[45,85,334],"of":[46,69,86,92,139,145,191,208,222,251,256,269,286,292,313,330,336,358],"cases.":[48],"We":[49],"focused":[50],"on":[51],"establishing":[52],"an":[53,177,229],"effective":[54],"flow":[57],"public":[61],"laboratory,":[63],"being":[64],"guided":[65],"by":[66],"needs":[68],"care":[71],"professionals":[72],"National":[75],"Laboratory":[77],"(NHL).":[78],"This":[79,96],"integration":[80,303],"contributed":[81],"automated":[83],"centralized":[84,333],"results":[88],"Ministry":[91],"(MOH).":[94],"OBJECTIVE:":[95],"paper":[97],"reports":[98],"experiences,":[100],"challenges,":[101],"lessons":[103,352],"learned":[104,279,353],"while":[105],"designing,":[106],"adapting,":[107],"implementing":[109,319],"REDCap":[111,141,218,264,288,293,321],"DHIS2":[113,306],"management":[119,148,181,233,258],"NHL":[122,156,296],"in":[123,143,362],"Botswana.":[124],"METHODS:":[125],"A":[126],"participatory":[127],"design":[128],"approach":[129],"was":[130,164,308],"adopted":[131],"guide":[133],"design,":[135],"customization,":[136],"implementation":[138,240,314,357],"platform":[142,212,307,322],"NHL.":[151,237],"Study":[152],"participants":[153],"included":[154],"29":[155],"4":[158,206],"MOH":[159],"personnel,":[160],"study":[163],"conducted":[165],"from":[166],"March":[167],"2,":[168],"2020,":[169],"June":[171],"30,":[172],"2020.":[173],"Participants'":[174],"requirements":[175,227],"for":[176,228],"ideal":[178,230],"system":[182,234,335],"were":[183,201,242],"established.":[184],"NVivo":[185],"11":[186],"software":[187],"supported":[188,219],"thematic":[189],"analysis":[190],"resolutions":[195],"identified":[196],"during":[197,315],"this":[198],"study.":[199],"These":[200],"categorized":[202],"according":[203],"themes":[207],"infrastructure,":[209],"capacity":[210],"development,":[211],"constraints,":[213],"interoperability.":[215],"RESULTS:":[216],"Overall,":[217],"majority":[221],"perceived":[223],"technical":[224],"nontechnical":[226],"Although":[238],"some":[239],"identified,":[243],"each":[244],"had":[245],"mitigation":[246],"strategies":[247],"such":[248],"as":[249],"procurement":[250],"mobile":[252],"Internet":[253],"routers,":[254],"engagement":[255],"senior":[257],"resolve":[260],"conflicting":[261],"policies,":[262],"continuous":[263],"training,":[265],"development":[268],"a":[270,332,346],"third-party":[271],"web":[272],"application":[273],"enhance":[275],"REDCap's":[276],"capabilities.":[277],"Lessons":[278],"informed":[280,343],"next":[281],"steps":[282],"further":[284],"refinement":[285],"platform.":[289],"CONCLUSIONS:":[290],"Implementation":[291],"streamline":[298],"with":[304],"feasible":[309],"despite":[310],"urgency":[312],"pandemic.":[317],"By":[318],"NHL,":[325],"demonstrated":[327],"possibility":[329],"achieving":[331],"cases,":[338],"hence":[339],"enabling":[340],"level.":[348],"Challenges":[349],"faced":[350],"presented":[351],"sustainable":[356],"digital":[359],"innovations":[361],"Botswana":[363],"similar":[365],"resource-limited":[366],"countries.":[367]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2023-11-03T00:00:00"}
