{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4388228490","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/mi14112052","title":"A Low-Cost Microfluidic and Optically Transparent Water Antenna with Frequency-Tuning Characteristics","display_name":"A Low-Cost Microfluidic and Optically Transparent Water Antenna with Frequency-Tuning Characteristics","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-11-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4388228490","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/mi14112052","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38004909","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/10672966"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/mi14112052","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/mi14112052","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/mi14112052","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-666X/14/11/2052/pdf?version=1698850428","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S96702057","display_name":"Micromachines","issn_l":"2072-666X","issn":["2072-666X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Micromachines","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-666X/14/11/2052/pdf?version=1698850428","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085758323","display_name":"Abdullah Abdullah","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5496-0523","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5496-0523"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I67900169","display_name":"Chung-Ang University","ror":"https://ror.org/01r024a98","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67900169"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Abdullah Abdullah","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Chung Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Chung Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I67900169"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014532333","display_name":"Syed Imran Hussain Shah","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2002-7273","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2002-7273"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I67900169","display_name":"Chung-Ang University","ror":"https://ror.org/01r024a98","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67900169"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Syed Imran Hussain Shah","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Chung Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Chung Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I67900169"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Sakobyly Kiv","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I67900169","display_name":"Chung-Ang University","ror":"https://ror.org/01r024a98","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67900169"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sakobyly Kiv","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Chung Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Chung Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I67900169"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111067548","display_name":"Jinwoo Ho","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I67900169","display_name":"Chung-Ang University","ror":"https://ror.org/01r024a98","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67900169"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jinwoo Ho","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Chung Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Chung Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I67900169"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006339259","display_name":"Sungjoon Lim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5049-9300","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5049-9300"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I67900169","display_name":"Chung-Ang University","ror":"https://ror.org/01r024a98","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67900169"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Sungjoon Lim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Chung Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5049-9300","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Chung Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I67900169"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5006339259","https://openalex.org/A5014532333"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I67900169"],"apc_list":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2224},"apc_paid":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2224},"fwci":0.1425,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.31192928,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"14","issue":"11","first_page":"2052","last_page":"2052"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10069","display_name":"Antenna Design and Analysis","score":0.9951000213623047,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10069","display_name":"Antenna Design and Analysis","score":0.9951000213623047,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11383","display_name":"Advanced Antenna and Metasurface Technologies","score":0.0034000000450760126,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11523","display_name":"Nanomaterials and Printing Technologies","score":0.0005000000237487257,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/frequency-reconfigurable-antenna","display_name":"frequency reconfigurable antenna","score":0.8029999732971191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optically-transparent-antenna","display_name":"optically transparent antenna","score":0.8690000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/3d-printed-antenna","display_name":"3D-printed antenna","score":0.796999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/low-cost-antenna","display_name":"low-cost antenna","score":0.6380000114440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/2-4-ghz-band","display_name":"2.4 GHz","score":0.7689999938011169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/impedance-bandwidth","display_name":"impedance bandwidth","score":0.7160000205039978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radiation-efficiency","display_name":"radiation efficiency","score":0.9089999794960022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/response-to-selection","display_name":"selection response","score":0.7630000114440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transparent-electronics","display_name":"transparent electronics","score":0.6129999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/flexible-electronics","display_name":"flexible electronics","score":0.9290000200271606}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63034144","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1163026","display_name":"Radiator (engine cooling)","level":2,"score":0.5900910496711731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.5788887739181519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.5156821012496948},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21822782","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131214","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","level":2,"score":0.47914594411849976},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C7054721","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1940572","display_name":"Center frequency","level":3,"score":0.4357777237892151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49040817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193091","display_name":"Optoelectronics","level":1,"score":0.43185514211654663},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776257435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1576430","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","level":2,"score":0.4188498854637146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.39890074729919434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.2653997540473938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.2579147517681122},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.21442145109176636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.19486036896705627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147788027","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2718101","display_name":"Band-pass filter","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/mi14112052","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/mi14112052","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/mi14112052","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-666X/14/11/2052/pdf?version=1698850428","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S96702057","display_name":"Micromachines","issn_l":"2072-666X","issn":["2072-666X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Micromachines","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:10672966","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/10672966","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10672966/pdf/micromachines-14-02052.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Micromachines (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:38004909","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38004909","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Micromachines","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:8f27a9910f9c40daa5c287c2f3584dc2","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/8f27a9910f9c40daa5c287c2f3584dc2","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Micromachines, Vol 14, Iss 11, p 2052 (2023)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/mi14112052","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/mi14112052","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/mi14112052","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-666X/14/11/2052/pdf?version=1698850428","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S96702057","display_name":"Micromachines","issn_l":"2072-666X","issn":["2072-666X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Micromachines","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G433485871","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2022H1D3A2A02081581","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","funder_display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6434295656","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2022H1D3A2A02081581","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321202","funder_display_name":"Chung-Ang University"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320671","display_name":"National Research Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/05s0g1g46"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321202","display_name":"Chung-Ang University","ror":"https://ror.org/01r024a98"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","ror":"https://ror.org/013aysd81"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320328359","display_name":"Ministry of Science and ICT, South Korea","ror":"https://ror.org/01wpjm123"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4388228490.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4388228490.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":30,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1989523797","https://openalex.org/W2004450441","https://openalex.org/W2036764408","https://openalex.org/W2075851441","https://openalex.org/W2111370163","https://openalex.org/W2120905743","https://openalex.org/W2149075549","https://openalex.org/W2229362665","https://openalex.org/W2344073789","https://openalex.org/W2524482074","https://openalex.org/W2559992739","https://openalex.org/W2737895936","https://openalex.org/W2767677348","https://openalex.org/W2789872322","https://openalex.org/W2894775277","https://openalex.org/W2988053566","https://openalex.org/W2997882041","https://openalex.org/W3013180285","https://openalex.org/W3086387771","https://openalex.org/W3094323078","https://openalex.org/W3120540575","https://openalex.org/W3199320080","https://openalex.org/W3202893798","https://openalex.org/W3210015164","https://openalex.org/W4200542490","https://openalex.org/W4223990963","https://openalex.org/W4293761065","https://openalex.org/W4311400647","https://openalex.org/W4313890950","https://openalex.org/W4320008855"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4281396727","https://openalex.org/W3141165928","https://openalex.org/W3137350323","https://openalex.org/W4213155963","https://openalex.org/W3027263538","https://openalex.org/W4402571303","https://openalex.org/W3207890449","https://openalex.org/W2903827846","https://openalex.org/W2891545724","https://openalex.org/W2783022659"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,164],"this":[1],"study,":[2],"a":[3,29,35,42,61,96,179,186],"novel":[4],"microfluidic":[5],"frequency":[6,65,110,130,155],"reconfigurable":[7],"and":[8,41,75,92,134,184,213,229],"optically":[9],"transparent":[10,52,228],"water":[11,33,78,200],"antenna":[12,22,57,68,106,125,172,198],"is":[13,58,103,115,206],"designed":[14],"using":[15],"three-dimensional":[16],"(3D)":[17],"printing":[18],"technology.":[19],"The":[20,55,64,83,196],"proposed":[21,171,197],"consists":[23,85],"of":[24,66,86,111,131,139,146,190],"three":[25,87],"distinct":[26],"parts,":[27],"including":[28],"circularly":[30,43],"shaped":[31,44],"distilled":[32,45],"ground,":[34],"sea":[36,77],"water-based":[37,46],"circular":[38],"segmented":[39],"radiator,":[40],"load,":[47],"all":[48,118],"ingeniously":[49],"constructed":[50],"from":[51,79,159],"resin":[53],"material.":[54],"presented":[56],"excited":[59],"by":[60,73],"disk-loaded":[62],"probe.":[63],"the":[67,80,101,105,109,112,119,124,128,144,154,167,170,219],"can":[69],"be":[70,157,222],"easily":[71,207],"tuned":[72,158],"filling":[74,150],"emptying/evacuating":[76],"multisegmented":[81],"radiator.":[82],"radiator":[84,102,120,152],"segments":[88,121],"with":[89],"different":[90,97,151],"radii,":[91],"each":[93],"segment":[94,113],"has":[95,218],"resonant":[98,129],"frequency.":[99],"When":[100,117],"filled,":[104,123],"resonates":[107],"at":[108,127,193],"that":[114],"filled.":[116],"are":[122],"operates":[126],"2.4":[132,160],"GHz":[133,141],"possesses":[135],"an":[136],"impedance":[137],"bandwidth":[138],"1.05":[140],"(40%)":[142],"in":[143,224],"range":[145],"2.10-3.15":[147],"GHz.":[148,163,195],"By":[149],"segments,":[153],"could":[156],"to":[161,166,221],"2.6":[162],"addition":[165],"frequency-switching":[168],"characteristics,":[169],"exhibits":[173],"high":[174],"simulated":[175],"radiation":[176],"efficiency":[177],"(with":[178],"peak":[180],"performance":[181],"reaching":[182],"95%)":[183],"attains":[185],"maximum":[187],"realized":[188],"gain":[189],"3.8":[191],"dBi":[192],"2.9":[194],"integrates":[199],"as":[201],"its":[202],"predominant":[203],"constituent,":[204],"which":[205],"available,":[208],"thereby":[209],"achieving":[210],"cost-effectiveness,":[211],"compactness,":[212],"transparency":[214],"characteristics;":[215],"it":[216],"also":[217],"potential":[220],"utilized":[223],"future":[225],"applications,":[226],"involving":[227],"flexible":[230],"electronics.":[231]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-10-29T09:56:32.521200","created_date":"2023-11-03T00:00:00"}
