{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4388090861","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2310.17703","title":"The impact of responding to patient messages with large language model assistance","display_name":"The impact of responding to patient messages with large language model assistance","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-10-26","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4388090861","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2310.17703"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2310.17703","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2310.17703","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2310.17703","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"volume":null,"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["arxiv","datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2310.17703","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100369733","display_name":"Shan Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1364-4265","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1364-4265"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chen, Shan","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Guevara, Marco","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1283280774","display_name":"Brigham and Women's Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/04b6nzv94","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I121934306","https://openalex.org/I1283280774","https://openalex.org/I48633490"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I136199984","display_name":"Harvard University","ror":"https://ror.org/03vek6s52","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210117453","display_name":"Dana-Farber Cancer Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/02jzgtq86","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210117453"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210161994","display_name":"Dana-Farber Brigham Cancer Center","ror":"https://ror.org/05rgrbr06","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I121934306","https://openalex.org/I1283280774","https://openalex.org/I4210117453","https://openalex.org/I4210161994","https://openalex.org/I48633490"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I48633490","display_name":"Mass General Brigham","ror":"https://ror.org/04py2rh25","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I48633490"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Guevara, Marco","raw_affiliation_strings":[". Artificial Intelligence in Medicine (AIM) Program , Mass General Brigham , Harvard Medical School , Boston , MA , USA",". Department of Radiation Oncology , Brigham and Women's Hospital/Dana-Farber Cancer Institute , Boston , MA , USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":". Artificial Intelligence in Medicine (AIM) Program , Mass General Brigham , Harvard Medical School , Boston , MA , USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I136199984","https://openalex.org/I48633490"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":". Department of Radiation Oncology , Brigham and Women's Hospital/Dana-Farber Cancer Institute , Boston , MA , USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1283280774","https://openalex.org/I4210117453","https://openalex.org/I4210161994"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081388353","display_name":"Shalini Moningi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2638-8202","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2638-8202"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1283280774","display_name":"Brigham and Women's Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/04b6nzv94","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I121934306","https://openalex.org/I1283280774","https://openalex.org/I48633490"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210117453","display_name":"Dana-Farber Cancer Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/02jzgtq86","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210117453"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210161994","display_name":"Dana-Farber Brigham Cancer Center","ror":"https://ror.org/05rgrbr06","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I121934306","https://openalex.org/I1283280774","https://openalex.org/I4210117453","https://openalex.org/I4210161994","https://openalex.org/I48633490"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Moningi, Shalini","raw_affiliation_strings":[". Department of Radiation Oncology , Brigham and Women's Hospital/Dana-Farber Cancer Institute , Boston , MA , USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":". Department of Radiation Oncology , Brigham and Women's Hospital/Dana-Farber Cancer Institute , Boston , MA , USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1283280774","https://openalex.org/I4210117453","https://openalex.org/I4210161994"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009217884","display_name":"Frank J P Hoebers","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4317-9181","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4317-9181"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hoebers, Frank","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089122189","display_name":"Hesham M. Elhalawani","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9848-2623","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9848-2623"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1283280774","display_name":"Brigham and Women's Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/04b6nzv94","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I121934306","https://openalex.org/I1283280774","https://openalex.org/I48633490"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210117453","display_name":"Dana-Farber Cancer Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/02jzgtq86","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210117453"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210161994","display_name":"Dana-Farber Brigham Cancer Center","ror":"https://ror.org/05rgrbr06","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I121934306","https://openalex.org/I1283280774","https://openalex.org/I4210117453","https://openalex.org/I4210161994","https://openalex.org/I48633490"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Elhalawani, Hesham","raw_affiliation_strings":[". Department of Radiation Oncology , Brigham and Women's Hospital/Dana-Farber Cancer Institute , Boston , MA , USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":". Department of Radiation Oncology , Brigham and Women's Hospital/Dana-Farber Cancer Institute , Boston , MA , USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1283280774","https://openalex.org/I4210117453","https://openalex.org/I4210161994"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018154366","display_name":"Benjamin Harris Kann","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4313-2754","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4313-2754"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1283280774","display_name":"Brigham and Women's Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/04b6nzv94","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I121934306","https://openalex.org/I1283280774","https://openalex.org/I48633490"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I136199984","display_name":"Harvard University","ror":"https://ror.org/03vek6s52","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210117453","display_name":"Dana-Farber Cancer Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/02jzgtq86","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210117453"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210161994","display_name":"Dana-Farber Brigham Cancer Center","ror":"https://ror.org/05rgrbr06","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I121934306","https://openalex.org/I1283280774","https://openalex.org/I4210117453","https://openalex.org/I4210161994","https://openalex.org/I48633490"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I48633490","display_name":"Mass General Brigham","ror":"https://ror.org/04py2rh25","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I48633490"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kann, Benjamin H.","raw_affiliation_strings":[". Artificial Intelligence in Medicine (AIM) Program , Mass General Brigham , Harvard Medical School , Boston , MA , USA",". Department of Radiation Oncology , Brigham and Women's Hospital/Dana-Farber Cancer Institute , Boston , MA , USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":". Artificial Intelligence in Medicine (AIM) Program , Mass General Brigham , Harvard Medical School , Boston , MA , USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I136199984","https://openalex.org/I48633490"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":". Department of Radiation Oncology , Brigham and Women's Hospital/Dana-Farber Cancer Institute , Boston , MA , USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1283280774","https://openalex.org/I4210117453","https://openalex.org/I4210161994"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080270912","display_name":"Fallon Chipidza","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2696-1339","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2696-1339"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1283280774","display_name":"Brigham and Women's Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/04b6nzv94","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I121934306","https://openalex.org/I1283280774","https://openalex.org/I48633490"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210117453","display_name":"Dana-Farber Cancer Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/02jzgtq86","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210117453"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210161994","display_name":"Dana-Farber Brigham Cancer Center","ror":"https://ror.org/05rgrbr06","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I121934306","https://openalex.org/I1283280774","https://openalex.org/I4210117453","https://openalex.org/I4210161994","https://openalex.org/I48633490"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chipidza, Fallon E.","raw_affiliation_strings":[". Department of Radiation Oncology , Brigham and Women's Hospital/Dana-Farber Cancer Institute , Boston , MA , USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":". Department of Radiation Oncology , Brigham and Women's Hospital/Dana-Farber Cancer Institute , Boston , MA , USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1283280774","https://openalex.org/I4210117453","https://openalex.org/I4210161994"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020075785","display_name":"Jonathan Eric Leeman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4539-0762","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4539-0762"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1283280774","display_name":"Brigham and Women's Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/04b6nzv94","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I121934306","https://openalex.org/I1283280774","https://openalex.org/I48633490"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210117453","display_name":"Dana-Farber Cancer Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/02jzgtq86","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210117453"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210161994","display_name":"Dana-Farber Brigham Cancer Center","ror":"https://ror.org/05rgrbr06","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I121934306","https://openalex.org/I1283280774","https://openalex.org/I4210117453","https://openalex.org/I4210161994","https://openalex.org/I48633490"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Leeman, Jonathan","raw_affiliation_strings":[". Department of Radiation Oncology , Brigham and Women's Hospital/Dana-Farber Cancer Institute , Boston , MA , USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":". Department of Radiation Oncology , Brigham and Women's Hospital/Dana-Farber Cancer Institute , Boston , MA , USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1283280774","https://openalex.org/I4210117453","https://openalex.org/I4210161994"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001452511","display_name":"Hugo J.W.L. Aerts","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2122-2003","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2122-2003"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Aerts, Hugo J. W. L.","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039901099","display_name":"Timothy A. Miller","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4513-403X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4513-403X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1288882113","display_name":"Boston Children's Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/00dvg7y05","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1288882113"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I136199984","display_name":"Harvard University","ror":"https://ror.org/03vek6s52","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Miller, Timothy","raw_affiliation_strings":[". Computational Health Informatics Program , Boston Children's Hospital , Harvard Medical School , Boston , MA , USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":". Computational Health Informatics Program , Boston Children's Hospital , Harvard Medical School , Boston , MA , USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1288882113","https://openalex.org/I136199984"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087865794","display_name":"Guergana Savova","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5887-200X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5887-200X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1288882113","display_name":"Boston Children's Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/00dvg7y05","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1288882113"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I136199984","display_name":"Harvard University","ror":"https://ror.org/03vek6s52","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Savova, Guergana K.","raw_affiliation_strings":[". Computational Health Informatics Program , Boston Children's Hospital , Harvard Medical School , Boston , MA , USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":". Computational Health Informatics Program , Boston Children's Hospital , Harvard Medical School , Boston , MA , USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1288882113","https://openalex.org/I136199984"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064724289","display_name":"Raymond H. Mak","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8754-0565","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8754-0565"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1283280774","display_name":"Brigham and Women's Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/04b6nzv94","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I121934306","https://openalex.org/I1283280774","https://openalex.org/I48633490"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I136199984","display_name":"Harvard University","ror":"https://ror.org/03vek6s52","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210117453","display_name":"Dana-Farber Cancer Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/02jzgtq86","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210117453"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210161994","display_name":"Dana-Farber Brigham Cancer Center","ror":"https://ror.org/05rgrbr06","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I121934306","https://openalex.org/I1283280774","https://openalex.org/I4210117453","https://openalex.org/I4210161994","https://openalex.org/I48633490"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I48633490","display_name":"Mass General Brigham","ror":"https://ror.org/04py2rh25","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I48633490"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mak, Raymond H.","raw_affiliation_strings":[". Artificial Intelligence in Medicine (AIM) Program , Mass General Brigham , Harvard Medical School , Boston , MA , USA",". Department of Radiation Oncology , Brigham and Women's Hospital/Dana-Farber Cancer Institute , Boston , MA , USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":". Artificial Intelligence in Medicine (AIM) Program , Mass General Brigham , Harvard Medical School , Boston , MA , USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I136199984","https://openalex.org/I48633490"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":". Department of Radiation Oncology , Brigham and Women's Hospital/Dana-Farber Cancer Institute , Boston , MA , USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1283280774","https://openalex.org/I4210117453","https://openalex.org/I4210161994"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086903918","display_name":"Maryam B. Lustberg","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8559-5645","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8559-5645"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32971472","display_name":"Yale University","ror":"https://ror.org/03v76x132","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32971472"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lustberg, Maryam","raw_affiliation_strings":[". Department of Medical Oncology , Yale School of Medicine , New Haven , CT , USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":". Department of Medical Oncology , Yale School of Medicine , New Haven , CT , USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32971472"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063499248","display_name":"Majid Afshar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6368-4652","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6368-4652"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1283280774","display_name":"Brigham and Women's Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/04b6nzv94","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I121934306","https://openalex.org/I1283280774","https://openalex.org/I48633490"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I135310074","display_name":"University of Wisconsin\u2013Madison","ror":"https://ror.org/01y2jtd41","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I135310074"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210117453","display_name":"Dana-Farber Cancer Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/02jzgtq86","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210117453"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210161994","display_name":"Dana-Farber Brigham Cancer Center","ror":"https://ror.org/05rgrbr06","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I121934306","https://openalex.org/I1283280774","https://openalex.org/I4210117453","https://openalex.org/I4210161994","https://openalex.org/I48633490"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Afshar, Majid","raw_affiliation_strings":[". Department of Medicine , University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health , Madison , WI , USA","Department of Radiation Oncology Dana-Farber Cancer Institute/Brigham and Women's Hospital 75 Francis Street , Boston , MA 02115"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":". Department of Medicine , University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health , Madison , WI , USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135310074"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Radiation Oncology Dana-Farber Cancer Institute/Brigham and Women's Hospital 75 Francis Street , Boston , MA 02115","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1283280774","https://openalex.org/I4210117453","https://openalex.org/I4210161994"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039369605","display_name":"Danielle S. Bitterman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0345-2232","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0345-2232"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bitterman, Danielle S.","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":8,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11636","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and Education","score":0.9965999722480774,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2718","display_name":"Health Informatics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11636","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and Education","score":0.9965999722480774,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2718","display_name":"Health Informatics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10350","display_name":"Electronic Health Records Systems","score":0.003100000089034438,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3605","display_name":"Health Information Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13702","display_name":"Machine Learning in Healthcare","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/large-language-models","display_name":"large language models","score":0.9739999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ai-chatbots","display_name":"AI chatbots","score":0.890999972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/patient-portal-messages","display_name":"patient portal messages","score":0.6230000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/clinical-documentation-burden","display_name":"clinical documentation burden","score":0.6930000185966492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/clinician-burnout","display_name":"clinician burnout","score":0.9599999785423279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oncologists","display_name":"oncologists","score":0.6079999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/readability","display_name":"readability","score":0.6679999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/patient-education","display_name":"patient education","score":0.5040000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/clinical-decision-making","display_name":"clinical decision-making","score":0.7789999842643738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ai-safety","display_name":"AI safety","score":0.4189999997615814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human-ai-interaction","display_name":"human-AI interaction","score":0.8709999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-health-records","display_name":"electronic health records","score":0.7519999742507935}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56666940","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q788790","display_name":"Documentation","level":2,"score":0.8750931024551392},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777363581","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15098235","display_name":"Harm","level":2,"score":0.6976903676986694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.5044046640396118},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2989236134","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31207","display_name":"Patient care","level":2,"score":0.47443094849586487},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779473830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1540899","display_name":"MEDLINE","level":2,"score":0.41433846950531006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C545542383","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2751242","display_name":"Medical emergency","level":1,"score":0.35812899470329285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.34714019298553467},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.3414941430091858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159110408","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121176","display_name":"Nursing","level":1,"score":0.257432222366333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.09288531541824341},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2310.17703","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2310.17703","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2310.17703","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2310.17703","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2310.17703","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2310.17703","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2310.17703","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2310.17703","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2310.17703","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.9391000270843506,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4336650511","display_name":"Deep Learning for Automated Quantification of Radiographic Tumor Phenotypes","funder_award_id":"866504","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338335","funder_display_name":"H2020 European Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4696089167","display_name":"Genotype and Imaging Phenotype Biomarkers in Lung Cancer","funder_award_id":"U01CA190234","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337351","funder_display_name":"National Cancer Institute"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5024937287","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"R35CA22052","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","funder_display_name":"National Institutes of Health"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6011549775","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"U01CA209414","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320307770","funder_display_name":"AstraZeneca"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8268101125","display_name":"Data Driven Strategies for Substance Misuse Identification in Hospitalized Patients","funder_award_id":"R01DA051464","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337347","funder_display_name":"National Institute on Drug Abuse"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8760213327","display_name":"Quantitative Radiomics System Decoding the Tumor Phenotype","funder_award_id":"U24CA194354","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337351","funder_display_name":"National Cancer Institute"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8966648948","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"5R01GM11435","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","funder_display_name":"National Institutes of Health"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G9000856453","display_name":"Radiation Oncology at the Interface of Pediatric Cancer Biology and Data Science","funder_award_id":"U54CA274516","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337351","funder_display_name":"National Cancer Institute"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G9000863196","display_name":"Modeling Temporality with Natural Language Processing to Predict Readmission Risk of Patients with Psychosis","funder_award_id":"R01MH126977","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337346","funder_display_name":"National Institute of Mental Health"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G9000880462","display_name":"Learning Universal Patient Representations with Hierarchical Transformers","funder_award_id":"R01LM012973","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337372","funder_display_name":"U.S. National Library of Medicine"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G9000902925","display_name":"The Boston Lung Cancer Survival Cohort","funder_award_id":"U01CA209414","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337351","funder_display_name":"National Cancer Institute"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G9000915562","display_name":"Development of an artificial intelligence-driven, imaging-based platform for pretreatment identification of extranodal extension in head and neck cancer","funder_award_id":"K08DE030216","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337365","funder_display_name":"National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306091","display_name":"American Association for Cancer Research","ror":"https://ror.org/02fnpv153"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320307765","display_name":"Pfizer","ror":"https://ror.org/01xdqrp08"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320307770","display_name":"AstraZeneca","ror":"https://ror.org/04r9x1a08"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320308573","display_name":"Gilead Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/056546b03"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320309603","display_name":"Varian Medical Systems","ror":"https://ror.org/05yab6874"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320318820","display_name":"ViewRay","ror":"https://ror.org/0213nv371"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","display_name":"European Commission","ror":"https://ror.org/00k4n6c32"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","display_name":"National Institutes of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337346","display_name":"National Institute of Mental Health","ror":"https://ror.org/04xeg9z08"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337347","display_name":"National Institute on Drug Abuse","ror":"https://ror.org/00fq5cm18"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337351","display_name":"National Cancer Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/040gcmg81"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337365","display_name":"National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research","ror":"https://ror.org/004a2wv92"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337372","display_name":"U.S. National Library of Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/0060t0j89"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338335","display_name":"H2020 European Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/0472cxd90"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4388090861.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4388090861.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7054659157","https://openalex.org/W4388720876","https://openalex.org/W4387661054","https://openalex.org/W4409251521","https://openalex.org/W7125688726","https://openalex.org/W7214050176","https://openalex.org/W4376134609","https://openalex.org/W4401794363","https://openalex.org/W4410761237","https://openalex.org/W4387044866"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Documentation":[0],"burden":[1,35],"is":[2,10,14],"a":[3],"major":[4],"contributor":[5],"to":[6,18,21,73,86,97,108,169,185],"clinician":[7,34,187],"burnout,":[8],"which":[9],"rising":[11],"nationally":[12],"and":[13,56,104,189,201],"an":[15],"urgent":[16],"threat":[17],"our":[19,90],"ability":[20],"care":[22,191],"for":[23,65,183,206],"patients.":[24],"Artificial":[25],"intelligence":[26],"(AI)":[27],"chatbots,":[28],"such":[29,46],"as":[30],"ChatGPT,":[31],"could":[32,154],"reduce":[33],"by":[36],"assisting":[37,82,193],"with":[38,116,143],"documentation.":[39],"Although":[40],"many":[41],"hospitals":[42],"are":[43,70],"actively":[44],"integrating":[45],"systems":[47],"into":[48],"electronic":[49],"medical":[50,111],"record":[51],"systems,":[52],"AI":[53,117,136,152,162,166,184],"chatbots":[54],"utility":[55,76],"impact":[57],"on":[58],"clinical":[59,175],"decision-making":[60],"have":[61],"not":[62],"been":[63],"studied":[64],"this":[66],"intended":[67],"use.":[68],"We":[69,119],"the":[71,75],"first":[72,113],"examine":[74],"of":[77,134,141],"large":[78],"language":[79],"models":[80],"in":[81],"clinicians":[83],"draft":[84],"responses":[85,122,153],"patient":[87,102,171,190],"questions.":[88],"In":[89,157],"two-stage":[91],"cross-sectional":[92],"study,":[93],"6":[94],"oncologists":[95],"responded":[96],"100":[98],"realistic":[99],"synthetic":[100],"cancer":[101],"scenarios":[103],"portal":[105],"messages":[106],"developed":[107],"reflect":[109],"common":[110],"situations,":[112],"manually,":[114],"then":[115],"assistance.":[118],"find":[120],"AI-assisted":[121],"were":[123,164],"longer,":[124],"less":[125],"readable,":[126],"but":[127],"provided":[128],"acceptable":[129],"drafts":[130,163],"without":[131],"edits":[132],"58%":[133],"time.":[135],"assistance":[137,167],"improved":[138],"efficiency":[139,188],"77%":[140],"time,":[142],"low":[144],"harm":[145],"risk":[146],"(82%":[147],"safe).":[148],"However,":[149],"7.7%":[150],"unedited":[151],"severely":[155],"harm.":[156],"31%":[158],"cases,":[159],"physicians":[160],"thought":[161],"human-written.":[165],"led":[168],"more":[170],"education":[172],"recommendations,":[173],"fewer":[174],"actions":[176],"than":[177],"manual":[178],"responses.":[179],"Results":[180],"show":[181],"promise":[182],"improve":[186],"through":[192],"documentation,":[194],"if":[195],"used":[196],"judiciously.":[197],"Monitoring":[198],"model":[199],"outputs":[200],"human-AI":[202],"interaction":[203],"remains":[204],"crucial":[205],"safe":[207],"implementation.":[208]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-30T12:39:25.321706","created_date":"2023-11-01T00:00:00"}