{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4388056669","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195086133.001.0001","title":"The Supreme Court Reborn","display_name":"The Supreme Court Reborn","publication_year":1995,"publication_date":"1995-04-06","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4388056669","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195086133.001.0001"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1093/oso/9780195086133.001.0001","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195086133.001.0001","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195086133.001.0001","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"book"},"volume":null,"type":"book","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050332743","display_name":"William E. Leuchtenburg","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"William E Leuchtenburg","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5050332743"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":7.1752,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":110,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96802132,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10802","display_name":"Judicial and Constitutional Studies","score":0.7749000191688538,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10802","display_name":"Judicial and Constitutional Studies","score":0.7749000191688538,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13445","display_name":"American Constitutional Law and Politics","score":0.22269999980926514,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13138","display_name":"Legal and Constitutional Studies","score":0.0010000000474974513,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/new-deal","display_name":"New Deal","score":0.6470000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/united-states-supreme-court","display_name":"United States Supreme Court","score":0.7179999947547913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/franklin-d-roosevelt","display_name":"Franklin D. Roosevelt","score":0.8209999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/court-packing-plan","display_name":"court-packing plan","score":0.8379999995231628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/four-horsemen","display_name":"Four Horsemen","score":0.8240000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hugo-black","display_name":"Hugo Black","score":0.906000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ku-klux-klan","display_name":"Ku Klux Klan","score":0.828000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/judicial-appointments","display_name":"judicial appointments","score":0.43299999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/constitutional-crisis","display_name":"constitutional crisis","score":0.3330000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/new-deal-legislation","display_name":"New Deal legislation","score":0.4580000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/free-market","display_name":"free market","score":0.5180000066757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/warren-court","display_name":"Warren Court","score":0.550000011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/civil-liberties","display_name":"civil liberties","score":0.8460000157356262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/great-depression","display_name":"Great Depression","score":0.5860000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/judicial-activism","display_name":"judicial activism","score":0.4830000102519989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/judicial-restraint","display_name":"judicial restraint","score":0.37599998712539673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-security","display_name":"social security","score":0.4490000009536743}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778272461","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190752","display_name":"Supreme court","level":2,"score":0.8199265599250793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.707180380821228},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776732289","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186356","display_name":"New Deal","level":3,"score":0.6463067531585693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.5343486666679382},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.5039791464805603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778627824","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178561","display_name":"Battle","level":2,"score":0.4348967373371124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47855350","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6738447","display_name":"Majority opinion","level":3,"score":0.41196519136428833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95457728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309","display_name":"History","level":0,"score":0.2437361478805542},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1093/oso/9780195086133.001.0001","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195086133.001.0001","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195086133.001.0001","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"book"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.6601999998092651}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4383647445","https://openalex.org/W2021372656","https://openalex.org/W7024762637","https://openalex.org/W1885553633","https://openalex.org/W7162095129","https://openalex.org/W2796256167","https://openalex.org/W4388082878","https://openalex.org/W1930758379","https://openalex.org/W1494379047","https://openalex.org/W181589317"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"For":[1],"almost":[2],"sixty":[3],"years,":[4],"the":[5,8,47,50,68,92,96,101,109,117,125,137,155,165,168,177,184,192,204,223,237,263,266,270,276,282,286,296,306,316,328,341,345,379,422,430],"results":[6],"of":[7,16,49,95,140,154,167,206,225,239,257,265,299,305,334,358,378,399,408,426],"New":[9,317],"Deal":[10,318],"have":[11,190],"been":[12,375],"an":[13,388],"accepted":[14],"part":[15],"political":[17,433],"life.":[18],"Social":[19],"Security,":[20],"to":[21,33,41,113,121,175,194,249,255,288],"take":[22],"one":[23,145,196,256,279,398],"example,":[24],"is":[25,397],"now":[26],"seen":[27],"as":[28,170,183,364],"every":[29,200],"American\u2019s":[30],"birthright.":[31],"But":[32],"validate":[34],"this":[35,187],"revolutionary":[36],"legislation,":[37],"Franklin":[38],"Roosevelt":[39,63,151,161,292],"had":[40,164,374],"fight":[42],"a":[43,71,173,220,250,303,331,369,376,403,411],"ferocious":[44],"battle":[45,274],"against":[46],"opposition":[48,354],"Supreme":[51,83,118,277,438],"Court--which":[52],"was":[53,217,315,324,347,362],"entrenched":[54],"in":[55,214,222,231,311,340],"laissez":[56,122],"faire":[57,123],"orthodoxy.":[58],"After":[59],"many":[60],"lost":[61],"battles,":[62],"won":[64,272],"his":[65,258,273,356],"war":[66],"with":[67,116,275,410],"Court,":[69],"launching":[70],"Constitutional":[72,307,424],"revolution":[73,98],"that":[74,99,160,233,246,309,337,372,384,435],"went":[75],"far":[76],"beyond":[77],"anything":[78],"he":[79,163,171,361,373],"envisioned.":[80],"In":[81],"The":[82,208],"Court":[84,102,329],"Reborn,":[85],"esteemed":[86],"scholar":[87,404],"William":[88,394],"E.":[89,395],"Leuchtenburg":[90,106,158,294,396],"explores":[91,295],"critical":[93],"episodes":[94],"legal":[97,431],"created":[100,436],"we":[103],"know":[104],"today.":[105],"deftly":[107],"protrays":[108],"events":[110],"leading":[111],"up":[112,211],"Roosevelt\u2019s":[114],"showdown":[115],"Court.":[119,343,439],"Committed":[120],"doctrine,":[124],"conservative":[126],"\u201cFour":[127],"Horsemen\u201d--Justices":[128],"Butler,":[129],"Van":[130],"Devanter,":[131],"Sutherland,":[132],"and":[133,152,236,432],"McReynolds,":[134],"aided":[135],"by":[136,280,291],"swing":[138],"vote":[139],"Justice":[141,226],"Owen":[142],"Roberts--struck":[143],"down":[144],"regulatory":[146],"law":[147],"after":[148,219,322],"another,":[149],"outraging":[150],"much":[153],"Depression-stricken":[156],"nation.":[157],"demonstrates":[159],"thought":[162],"backing":[166],"country":[169],"prepared":[172],"scheme":[174],"undermine":[176],"Four":[178,283],"Hoursemen.":[179],"Famous":[180],"(or":[181],"infamous)":[182],"\u201cCourt-packing":[185],"plan,\u201d":[186],"proposal":[188],"would":[189,338],"allowed":[191],"president":[193,271],"add":[195],"new":[197,419],"justice":[198,202],"for":[199,355,391],"sitting":[201],"over":[203],"age":[205],"seventy.":[207],"plan":[209],"picked":[210],"considerable":[212],"momentum":[213],"Congress;":[215],"it":[216,247],"only":[218,314],"change":[221],"voting":[224],"Roberts":[227],"(called":[228],"\u201cthe":[229],"switch":[230],"time":[232],"saved":[234],"nine\u201d)":[235],"death":[238],"Senate":[240],"Majority":[241],"Leader":[242],"Joseph":[243],"T.":[244],"Robinson":[245],"shuddered":[248],"halt.":[251],"Rosevelt\u2019s":[252],"persistence":[253],"led":[254],"biggest":[259],"legislative":[260],"defeats.":[261],"Despite":[262,383],"failure":[264],"Court-packing":[267],"plan,":[268],"however,":[269],"Court;":[278],"one,":[281],"Horsemen":[284],"left":[285],"bench,":[287],"be":[289],"replaced":[290],"appointees.":[293],"far-reaching":[297],"nature":[298],"FDR\u2019s":[300],"victory.":[301],"As":[302],"consequence":[304],"Revolution":[308],"began":[310,330],"1937,":[312],"not":[313],"upheld":[319],"(as":[320],"precedent":[321,323],"overturned),":[325],"but":[326],"also":[327],"dramatic":[332],"expansion":[333],"Civil":[335],"liberties":[336],"culminate":[339],"Warren":[342],"Among":[344],"surprises":[346],"Senator":[348],"Hugo":[349],"Black,":[350],"who":[351,405],"faced":[352],"widespread":[353],"lack":[357],"qualifications":[359],"when":[360],"appointed":[363],"associate":[365],"justice;":[366],"shortly":[367],"afterward,":[368],"reporter":[370],"revealed":[371],"member":[377],"Ku":[380],"Klux":[381],"Klan.":[382],"background,":[385],"Black":[386],"became":[387],"articulate":[389],"spokesman":[390],"individual":[392],"liberty.":[393],"America\u2019s":[400],"premier":[401],"historians,":[402],"combines":[406],"depth":[407],"learning":[409],"graceful":[412],"style.":[413],"This":[414],"superbly":[415],"crafted":[416],"book":[417],"sheds":[418],"light":[420],"on":[421],"great":[423],"crisis":[425],"our":[427],"century,":[428],"illuminating":[429],"battles":[434],"today\u2019s":[437]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-10-12T09:40:04.860316","created_date":"2023-11-01T00:00:00"}
