{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4387977474","doi":"https://doi.org/10.55227/ijhess.v3i2.615","title":"Impact of Technology, Military, and Socio-Economic Welfare on Conflict in Indonesia and Japan","display_name":"Impact of Technology, Military, and Socio-Economic Welfare on Conflict in Indonesia and Japan","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-10-10","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4387977474","doi":"https://doi.org/10.55227/ijhess.v3i2.615"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.55227/ijhess.v3i2.615","doi":"https://doi.org/10.55227/ijhess.v3i2.615","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.55227/ijhess.v3i2.615","pdf_url":"https://ijhess.com/index.php/ijhess/article/download/615/530","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4220651390","display_name":"International Journal Of Humanities Education and Social Sciences (IJHESS)","issn_l":"2808-1765","issn":["2808-1765"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal Of Humanities Education and Social Sciences (IJHESS)","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://ijhess.com/index.php/ijhess/article/download/615/530","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5093132562","display_name":"Alwan Mubarok","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210112051","display_name":"Indonesia Defense University","ror":"https://ror.org/02v4mmk55","country_code":"ID","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210112051"]}],"countries":["ID"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alwan Mubarok","raw_affiliation_strings":["Republic of Indonesia Defense University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Republic of Indonesia Defense University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210112051"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074771409","display_name":"Hikmat Zakky Almubaroq","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9644-9245","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9644-9245"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210112051","display_name":"Indonesia Defense University","ror":"https://ror.org/02v4mmk55","country_code":"ID","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210112051"]}],"countries":["ID"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hikmat Zakky Almubaroq","raw_affiliation_strings":[") Defense Management, Defense Management Faculty, Republic of Indonesia Defense University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":") Defense Management, Defense Management Faculty, Republic of Indonesia Defense University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210112051"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022174448","display_name":"Surachman Surjaatmadja","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3235-3030","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3235-3030"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210112051","display_name":"Indonesia Defense University","ror":"https://ror.org/02v4mmk55","country_code":"ID","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210112051"]}],"countries":["ID"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Surachman Surjaatmadja","raw_affiliation_strings":[") Defense Management, Defense Management Faculty, Republic of Indonesia Defense University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":") Defense Management, Defense Management Faculty, Republic of Indonesia Defense University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210112051"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087248282","display_name":"Agung Risdhianto","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210112051","display_name":"Indonesia Defense University","ror":"https://ror.org/02v4mmk55","country_code":"ID","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210112051"]}],"countries":["ID"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Agung Risdhianto","raw_affiliation_strings":[") Defense Management, Defense Management Faculty, Republic of Indonesia Defense University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":") Defense Management, Defense Management Faculty, Republic of Indonesia Defense University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210112051"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5022174448"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210112051"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.8635,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.74750898,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"3","issue":"2","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10070","display_name":"Political Conflict and Governance","score":0.4203999936580658,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10070","display_name":"Political Conflict and Governance","score":0.4203999936580658,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12825","display_name":"Defense, Military, and Policy Studies","score":0.39969998598098755,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13620","display_name":"Education for Peace and Conflict Resolution","score":0.054499998688697815,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/conflict","display_name":"conflict","score":0.6480000019073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/digital-connectivity","display_name":"digital connectivity","score":0.6990000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/technology-trade","display_name":"technology trade","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/defense-spending","display_name":"defense spending","score":0.9810000061988831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/military-personnel","display_name":"military personnel","score":0.9120000004768372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/socio-economic-welfare","display_name":"socio-economic welfare","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/indonesia","display_name":"Indonesia","score":0.5429999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/japan","display_name":"Japan","score":0.9940000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/international-tensions","display_name":"international tensions","score":0.4350000023841858}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100243477","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12002092","display_name":"Welfare","level":2,"score":0.7768091559410095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776709667","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7980956","display_name":"Economic welfare","level":3,"score":0.5950732231140137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2992558563","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12002092","display_name":"Human welfare","level":3,"score":0.4607885777950287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71104824","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1476639","display_name":"Structural equation modeling","level":2,"score":0.44972705841064453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.4399668276309967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47768531","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1127188","display_name":"Development economics","level":1,"score":0.3600248694419861},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.3240619897842407},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34447519","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179522","display_name":"Market economy","level":1,"score":0.13956218957901},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.07609227299690247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.55227/ijhess.v3i2.615","doi":"https://doi.org/10.55227/ijhess.v3i2.615","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.55227/ijhess.v3i2.615","pdf_url":"https://ijhess.com/index.php/ijhess/article/download/615/530","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4220651390","display_name":"International Journal Of Humanities Education and Social Sciences (IJHESS)","issn_l":"2808-1765","issn":["2808-1765"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal Of Humanities Education and Social Sciences (IJHESS)","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.55227/ijhess.v3i2.615","doi":"https://doi.org/10.55227/ijhess.v3i2.615","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.55227/ijhess.v3i2.615","pdf_url":"https://ijhess.com/index.php/ijhess/article/download/615/530","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4220651390","display_name":"International Journal Of Humanities Education and Social Sciences (IJHESS)","issn_l":"2808-1765","issn":["2808-1765"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal Of Humanities Education and Social Sciences (IJHESS)","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions","score":0.8046000003814697,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"},{"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","score":0.6773999929428101,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9"}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Observational Study","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4387977474.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4387977474.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":30,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W606738474","https://openalex.org/W832017162","https://openalex.org/W1517500406","https://openalex.org/W1892918783","https://openalex.org/W1996066191","https://openalex.org/W1999486712","https://openalex.org/W2073203232","https://openalex.org/W2113643233","https://openalex.org/W2617395570","https://openalex.org/W2730984058","https://openalex.org/W2754304469","https://openalex.org/W2787443769","https://openalex.org/W2946239319","https://openalex.org/W2951516349","https://openalex.org/W2953634973","https://openalex.org/W2955829435","https://openalex.org/W3000603264","https://openalex.org/W3009801286","https://openalex.org/W3114463880","https://openalex.org/W3125435870","https://openalex.org/W3126036805","https://openalex.org/W3134296171","https://openalex.org/W3155428503","https://openalex.org/W3194699758","https://openalex.org/W3197380211","https://openalex.org/W4200605115","https://openalex.org/W4221082566","https://openalex.org/W4225713379","https://openalex.org/W4294325464","https://openalex.org/W4367557680"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3213408818","https://openalex.org/W4405511342","https://openalex.org/W4294286037","https://openalex.org/W4413965408","https://openalex.org/W1149737447","https://openalex.org/W4400900488","https://openalex.org/W2526183526","https://openalex.org/W4327716800","https://openalex.org/W4396936143","https://openalex.org/W4406555540"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Conflicts":[0],"are":[1],"driven":[2],"by":[3],"various":[4,48],"factors,":[5,20],"but":[6],"over":[7],"time,":[8],"conflicts":[9,83,137,150],"have":[10,36,106],"evolved":[11],"in":[12,30,41,86,113,125,140,153,164],"nature":[13],"and":[14,44,46,50,67,77,79,84,88,103,118,130,138,145,151],"complexity.":[15],"In":[16],"addition":[17],"to":[18],"traditional":[19],"the":[21,65],"emergence":[22],"of":[23,52,70,92],"technology":[24,73,97,104,133],"has":[25],"played":[26],"a":[27,38,107],"significant":[28],"role":[29],"shaping":[31,42],"conflicts.":[32],"Technological":[33],"advancements":[34],"also":[35,123],"been":[37],"driving":[39],"force":[40],"societies":[43],"economies,":[45],"impacting":[47],"sectors":[49],"aspects":[51],"life.":[53],"Our":[54],"research":[55],"uses":[56],"Structural":[57],"Equation":[58],"Model":[59],"(SEM)":[60],"analysis.":[61],"We":[62],"will":[63],"analyze":[64],"direct":[66],"indirect":[68],"impacts":[69],"digital":[71,101,146],"connectivity,":[72],"trade,":[74],"military":[75],"expenditure":[76],"personnel,":[78],"socio-economic":[80,111,159],"welfare":[81,112,160],"on":[82,110],"tensions":[85,139,152],"Indonesia":[87,114,141],"Japan.":[89,165],"The":[90],"findings":[91],"our":[93],"study":[94],"suggest":[95],"that":[96],"variables":[98],"such":[99],"as":[100],"connectivity":[102,147],"trade":[105,134],"positive":[108],"effect":[109],"with":[115,127,142,155],"coefficients":[116,128,143,156],"0.311":[117],"0.457.":[119],"A":[120],"similar":[121],"thing":[122],"happened":[124],"Japan":[126,154],"1.312":[129],"0.310.":[131],"However,":[132],"can":[135,148],"increase":[136,149],"0.796,":[144],"0.761.":[157],"Additionally,":[158],"significantly":[161],"reduces":[162],"conflict":[163]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-13T13:42:25.865203","created_date":"2023-10-28T00:00:00"}