{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4387975274","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/emre.12616","title":"The social status of entrepreneurs: An analysis of informal and formal institutional determinants","display_name":"The social status of entrepreneurs: An analysis of informal and formal institutional determinants","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-10-27","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4387975274","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/emre.12616"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1111/emre.12616","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/emre.12616","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/emre.12616","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1111/emre.12616","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S172313144","display_name":"European Management Review","issn_l":"1740-4754","issn":["1740-4754","1740-4762"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-b","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","fnege-2","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"European Management Review","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1111/emre.12616","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052726864","display_name":"Lucio Fuentelsaz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9002-6727","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9002-6727"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I255234318","display_name":"Universidad de Zaragoza","ror":"https://ror.org/012a91z28","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I255234318"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lucio Fuentelsaz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Management, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Management, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I255234318"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053447907","display_name":"Juan Pablo Ma\u00edcas","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7710-9002","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7710-9002"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4403386682","display_name":"CUNEF Universidad","ror":"https://ror.org/02web8j86","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4403386682"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Juan P. Maicas","raw_affiliation_strings":["CUNEF University, Madrid, Spain"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7710-9002","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CUNEF University, Madrid, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4403386682"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085345822","display_name":"Javier Montero","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9493-1583","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9493-1583"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I255234318","display_name":"Universidad de Zaragoza","ror":"https://ror.org/012a91z28","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I255234318"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Javier Montero","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Management, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9493-1583","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Management, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I255234318"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5085345822"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I255234318"],"apc_list":{"value":3040,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3040},"apc_paid":{"value":3040,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3040},"fwci":4.0376,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":22,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93324215,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"22","issue":"1","first_page":"96","last_page":"116"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10058","display_name":"Entrepreneurship Studies and Influences","score":0.9589999914169312,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1405","display_name":"Management of Technology and Innovation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10058","display_name":"Entrepreneurship Studies and Influences","score":0.9589999914169312,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1405","display_name":"Management of Technology and Innovation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12312","display_name":"Culture, Economy, and Development Studies","score":0.02979999966919422,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3303","display_name":"Development"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11454","display_name":"Cultural Differences and Values","score":0.006000000052154064,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/informal-institutions","display_name":"informal institutions","score":0.7379999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/formal-institutions","display_name":"formal institutions","score":0.9950000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/uncertainty-avoidance","display_name":"uncertainty avoidance","score":0.9490000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/collectivism","display_name":"collectivism","score":0.9800000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/market-freedom","display_name":"market freedom","score":0.9549999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/government-size","display_name":"government size","score":0.996999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/global-entrepreneurship-monitor","display_name":"Global Entrepreneurship Monitor","score":0.7940000295639038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/entrepreneurship","display_name":"entrepreneurship","score":0.3449999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/institutional-determinants","display_name":"institutional determinants","score":0.7229999899864197}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C96420161","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q237789","display_name":"Collectivism","level":3,"score":0.8679846525192261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119469879","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15514847","display_name":"Uncertainty avoidance","level":4,"score":0.6608532667160034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142806620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189970","display_name":"Social status","level":2,"score":0.5786042213439941},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778137410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2732820","display_name":"Government (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.5311129689216614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198531522","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q485146","display_name":"Sample (material)","level":2,"score":0.5306788086891174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117347162","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1376959","display_name":"European Social Survey","level":3,"score":0.47817379236221313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120936955","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2155640","display_name":"Empirical research","level":2,"score":0.4280237555503845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.39858338236808777},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.346922367811203},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.34313106536865234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.3020918071269989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.30117616057395935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.25903135538101196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17022365","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q171995","display_name":"Individualism","level":2,"score":0.22686776518821716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36289849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749","display_name":"Social science","level":1,"score":0.1609508991241455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34447519","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179522","display_name":"Market economy","level":1,"score":0.13830873370170593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.08079525828361511},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43617362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170050","display_name":"Chromatography","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1111/emre.12616","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/emre.12616","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/emre.12616","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1111/emre.12616","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S172313144","display_name":"European Management Review","issn_l":"1740-4754","issn":["1740-4754","1740-4762"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-b","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","fnege-2","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"European Management Review","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:zaguan.unizar.es:129412","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://zaguan.unizar.es/record/129412","pdf_url":"https://zaguan.unizar.es/record/129412/files/texto_completo.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402461","display_name":"Zaguan (Universidad de Zaragoza)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I255234318","host_organization_name":"Universidad de Zaragoza","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I255234318"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1111/emre.12616","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/emre.12616","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/emre.12616","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1111/emre.12616","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S172313144","display_name":"European Management Review","issn_l":"1740-4754","issn":["1740-4754","1740-4762"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-b","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","fnege-2","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"European Management Review","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8","score":0.9211000204086304,"display_name":"Decent work and economic growth"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1175115578","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"AEI//10.13039/501100011033/","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335598","funder_display_name":"Agencia Estatal de Investigaci\u00f3n"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2262748287","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"501100011033","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335598","funder_display_name":"Agencia Estatal de Investigaci\u00f3n"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G300979063","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"10.13039/501100011033","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335598","funder_display_name":"Agencia Estatal de Investigaci\u00f3n"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3480869486","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"13039","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335598","funder_display_name":"Agencia Estatal de Investigaci\u00f3n"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G425668148","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":".13039/501100011033","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335598","funder_display_name":"Agencia Estatal de Investigaci\u00f3n"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G494457220","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"S64_23R","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321837","funder_display_name":"Ministerio de Econom\u00eda y Competitividad"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5080475149","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"10.13039","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335598","funder_display_name":"Agencia Estatal de Investigaci\u00f3n"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5318686765","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"ECO2020\u2010113265GB\u2010C22","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335322","funder_display_name":"European Regional Development Fund"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7084143925","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"AEI/10","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335598","funder_display_name":"Agencia Estatal de Investigaci\u00f3n"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321837","display_name":"Ministerio de Econom\u00eda y Competitividad","ror":"https://ror.org/034900433"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335322","display_name":"European Regional Development Fund","ror":"https://ror.org/00k4n6c32"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335598","display_name":"Agencia Estatal de Investigaci\u00f3n","ror":"https://ror.org/003x0zc53"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4387975274.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4387975274.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":93,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W121380501","https://openalex.org/W604832635","https://openalex.org/W1494445074","https://openalex.org/W1498905523","https://openalex.org/W1500255417","https://openalex.org/W1560781297","https://openalex.org/W1561517153","https://openalex.org/W1748023089","https://openalex.org/W1965278510","https://openalex.org/W1965618612","https://openalex.org/W1969639777","https://openalex.org/W1977791653","https://openalex.org/W1978311462","https://openalex.org/W1982098053","https://openalex.org/W1984688723","https://openalex.org/W1994771258","https://openalex.org/W2003424103","https://openalex.org/W2007041450","https://openalex.org/W2015992819","https://openalex.org/W2018964855","https://openalex.org/W2029513580","https://openalex.org/W2029794973","https://openalex.org/W2031614415","https://openalex.org/W2038472609","https://openalex.org/W2038934761","https://openalex.org/W2042728069","https://openalex.org/W2055762420","https://openalex.org/W2056612368","https://openalex.org/W2057495409","https://openalex.org/W2064018659","https://openalex.org/W2076465149","https://openalex.org/W2082631284","https://openalex.org/W2089346468","https://openalex.org/W2092709505","https://openalex.org/W2093757869","https://openalex.org/W2097597684","https://openalex.org/W2106253226","https://openalex.org/W2110310228","https://openalex.org/W2115747715","https://openalex.org/W2131308292","https://openalex.org/W2131853674","https://openalex.org/W2133297820","https://openalex.org/W2135238844","https://openalex.org/W2136302687","https://openalex.org/W2137689550","https://openalex.org/W2153656501","https://openalex.org/W2158923829","https://openalex.org/W2160339996","https://openalex.org/W2164041326","https://openalex.org/W2165058311","https://openalex.org/W2171407661","https://openalex.org/W2198533441","https://openalex.org/W2312332111","https://openalex.org/W2351467730","https://openalex.org/W2504190342","https://openalex.org/W2559865855","https://openalex.org/W2561019804","https://openalex.org/W2752606426","https://openalex.org/W2790743785","https://openalex.org/W2808288812","https://openalex.org/W2886315921","https://openalex.org/W2887696804","https://openalex.org/W2891823472","https://openalex.org/W2921219017","https://openalex.org/W2950977595","https://openalex.org/W2954593461","https://openalex.org/W2964771249","https://openalex.org/W2968944640","https://openalex.org/W2970252600","https://openalex.org/W3003752204","https://openalex.org/W3005223296","https://openalex.org/W3007181721","https://openalex.org/W3036768049","https://openalex.org/W3046582379","https://openalex.org/W3047405266","https://openalex.org/W3093749462","https://openalex.org/W3106543497","https://openalex.org/W3110371497","https://openalex.org/W3121281656","https://openalex.org/W3121715546","https://openalex.org/W3122486910","https://openalex.org/W3142050138","https://openalex.org/W3204103260","https://openalex.org/W3208912405","https://openalex.org/W4205787875","https://openalex.org/W4207020877","https://openalex.org/W4230790776","https://openalex.org/W4288051449","https://openalex.org/W4298413470","https://openalex.org/W4300668223","https://openalex.org/W4386441651","https://openalex.org/W4386752929","https://openalex.org/W4388114102"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2815309187","https://openalex.org/W17910800","https://openalex.org/W4319836393","https://openalex.org/W7064776767","https://openalex.org/W2065554753","https://openalex.org/W2900360287","https://openalex.org/W2223563375","https://openalex.org/W2887904997","https://openalex.org/W4312209639","https://openalex.org/W3183974636"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"The":[1],"social":[2,19,83,125],"status":[3,50,126],"of":[4,104,150],"entrepreneurs,":[5],"which":[6,11],"measures":[7],"the":[8,32,66,110,145,151],"degree":[9],"to":[10,21,64],"a":[12,78,102,123,135],"country":[13],"admires":[14],"entrepreneurs":[15,35,121],"and":[16,61,75,91,115,134,148],"values":[17],"their":[18,49],"contribution":[20],"society,":[22],"varies":[23],"significantly":[24],"across":[25],"countries.":[26],"In":[27,54],"some":[28],"economies,":[29],"such":[30,71],"as":[31,38,72],"United":[33],"States,":[34],"are":[36,142],"seen":[37],"cultural":[39],"heroes,":[40],"whereas":[41],"in":[42,45,81,109,127],"others,":[43],"particularly":[44],"many":[46],"European":[47],"countries,":[48],"is":[51],"less":[52],"favorable.":[53],"this":[55],"paper,":[56],"we":[57],"provide":[58],"theoretical":[59],"elaboration":[60],"empirical":[62],"evidence":[63],"support":[65],"idea":[67],"that":[68,107,120],"informal":[69],"institutions,":[70,87],"uncertainty":[73,132],"avoidance":[74,133],"collectivism,":[76],"play":[77],"crucial":[79],"role":[80],"determining":[82],"status.":[84],"Additionally,":[85],"formal":[86,146],"like":[88],"market":[89],"freedom":[90],"government":[92],"size,":[93],"establish":[94],"certain":[95],"boundaries":[96],"for":[97],"these":[98,140],"relationships.":[99],"We":[100],"analyze":[101],"sample":[103],"105":[105],"countries":[106],"participated":[108],"GEM":[111],"project":[112],"between":[113],"2003":[114],"2020.":[116],"Our":[117],"results":[118],"indicate":[119],"enjoy":[122],"higher":[124],"societies":[128],"characterized":[129],"by":[130],"low":[131],"more":[136],"collectivist":[137],"orientation.":[138],"Furthermore,":[139],"relationships":[141],"contingent":[143],"upon":[144],"rules":[147],"regulations":[149],"country.":[152]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2023-10-28T00:00:00"}
