{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4387973442","doi":"https://doi.org/10.15244/pjoes/170774","title":"Temporal and Spatial Variation Characteristics of NDVI of Forest Ecosystem in China from 1998 to 2015 and its Driving Force of Climate Factors","display_name":"Temporal and Spatial Variation Characteristics of NDVI of Forest Ecosystem in China from 1998 to 2015 and its Driving Force of Climate Factors","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-10-27","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4387973442","doi":"https://doi.org/10.15244/pjoes/170774"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.15244/pjoes/170774","doi":"https://doi.org/10.15244/pjoes/170774","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.15244/pjoes/170774","pdf_url":"http://www.pjoes.com/pdf-170774-95877?filename=Temporal and Spatial.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S110778218","display_name":"Polish Journal of Environmental Studies","issn_l":"1230-1485","issn":["1230-1485","2083-5906"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","jufo-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-3","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4322755110","host_organization_name":"HARD Publishing Company","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4322755110"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["HARD Publishing Company"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Polish Journal of Environmental Studies","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"http://www.pjoes.com/pdf-170774-95877?filename=Temporal and Spatial.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Nan Bai","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I22046295","display_name":"Inner Mongolia Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/0497ase59","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I22046295"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nan Bai","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Life Sciences and Technology, Inner Mongolia Normal University, Hohhot Inner Mongolia, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Life Sciences and Technology, Inner Mongolia Normal University, Hohhot Inner Mongolia, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I22046295"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026793319","display_name":"Jinting Guo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9546-8850","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9546-8850"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I22046295","display_name":"Inner Mongolia Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/0497ase59","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I22046295"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jinting Guo","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Life Sciences and Technology, Inner Mongolia Normal University, Hohhot Inner Mongolia, China","Key Laboratory of Biodiversity conservation and Sustainable utilization for College and University of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Hohhot Inner Mongolia, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9546-8850","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Life Sciences and Technology, Inner Mongolia Normal University, Hohhot Inner Mongolia, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I22046295"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Biodiversity conservation and Sustainable utilization for College and University of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Hohhot Inner Mongolia, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Shengqi Zhang","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I22046295","display_name":"Inner Mongolia Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/0497ase59","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I22046295"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shengqi Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Life Sciences and Technology, Inner Mongolia Normal University, Hohhot Inner Mongolia, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Life Sciences and Technology, Inner Mongolia Normal University, Hohhot Inner Mongolia, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I22046295"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Guiquan Tian","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I22046295","display_name":"Inner Mongolia Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/0497ase59","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I22046295"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Guiquan Tian","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Life Sciences and Technology, Inner Mongolia Normal University, Hohhot Inner Mongolia, China","Key Laboratory of Biodiversity conservation and Sustainable utilization for College and University of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Hohhot Inner Mongolia, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Life Sciences and Technology, Inner Mongolia Normal University, Hohhot Inner Mongolia, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I22046295"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Biodiversity conservation and Sustainable utilization for College and University of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Hohhot Inner Mongolia, China","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5026793319"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I22046295"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.2913,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.49461704,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"32","issue":"6","first_page":"5495","last_page":"5506"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10111","display_name":"Remote Sensing in Agriculture","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2303","display_name":"Ecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10111","display_name":"Remote Sensing in Agriculture","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2303","display_name":"Ecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14468","display_name":"Plant Ecology and Soil Science","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2303","display_name":"Ecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14391","display_name":"Forest, Soil, and Plant Ecology in China","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1107","display_name":"Forestry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/normalized-difference-vegetation-index","display_name":"NDVI","score":0.9779999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/forests","display_name":"forests","score":0.9010000228881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vegetation-greening","display_name":"vegetation greening","score":0.7310000061988831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vegetation-cover-change","display_name":"vegetation cover change","score":0.7059999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/climate-drivers","display_name":"climate drivers","score":0.7229999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/temperature","display_name":"temperature","score":0.8399999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/precipitation","display_name":"precipitation","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spatiotemporal-variation","display_name":"spatiotemporal variation","score":0.7139999866485596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/china","display_name":"China","score":0.6370000243186951}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.6302876472473145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780083587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5308081","display_name":"Driving factors","level":3,"score":0.5574670433998108},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1549246","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q718775","display_name":"Normalized Difference Vegetation Index","level":3,"score":0.554808497428894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94747663","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7574086","display_name":"Spatial variability","level":2,"score":0.5535476803779602},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778334786","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1586270","display_name":"Variation (astronomy)","level":2,"score":0.5203427672386169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110872660","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37813","display_name":"Ecosystem","level":2,"score":0.5154643654823303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191935318","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q148","display_name":"China","level":2,"score":0.5032674670219421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132651083","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7942","display_name":"Climate change","level":2,"score":0.47008514404296875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73935091","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2249329","display_name":"Forest ecology","level":3,"score":0.4620835781097412},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100970517","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52107","display_name":"Physical geography","level":1,"score":0.4113306999206543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91586092","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q757520","display_name":"Atmospheric sciences","level":1,"score":0.38284537196159363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107826830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q929380","display_name":"Environmental resource management","level":1,"score":0.3407704830169678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.32875603437423706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.2638317942619324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.11601528525352478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.08780258893966675},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44870925","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37547","display_name":"Astrophysics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.15244/pjoes/170774","doi":"https://doi.org/10.15244/pjoes/170774","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.15244/pjoes/170774","pdf_url":"http://www.pjoes.com/pdf-170774-95877?filename=Temporal and Spatial.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S110778218","display_name":"Polish Journal of Environmental Studies","issn_l":"1230-1485","issn":["1230-1485","2083-5906"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","jufo-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-3","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4322755110","host_organization_name":"HARD Publishing Company","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4322755110"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["HARD Publishing Company"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Polish Journal of Environmental Studies","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.15244/pjoes/170774","doi":"https://doi.org/10.15244/pjoes/170774","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.15244/pjoes/170774","pdf_url":"http://www.pjoes.com/pdf-170774-95877?filename=Temporal and Spatial.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S110778218","display_name":"Polish Journal of Environmental Studies","issn_l":"1230-1485","issn":["1230-1485","2083-5906"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","jufo-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-3","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4322755110","host_organization_name":"HARD Publishing Company","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4322755110"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["HARD Publishing Company"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Polish Journal of Environmental Studies","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9786999821662903,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/13","display_name":"Climate action"},{"score":0.8125,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15","display_name":"Life on land"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4387973442.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4387973442.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":41,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1556716229","https://openalex.org/W1994865037","https://openalex.org/W2003577556","https://openalex.org/W2013472902","https://openalex.org/W2035713900","https://openalex.org/W2094578251","https://openalex.org/W2113410727","https://openalex.org/W2128175703","https://openalex.org/W2133501143","https://openalex.org/W2134136604","https://openalex.org/W2148279246","https://openalex.org/W2188249376","https://openalex.org/W2234094905","https://openalex.org/W2244769520","https://openalex.org/W2320600709","https://openalex.org/W2328290250","https://openalex.org/W2350279805","https://openalex.org/W2359340037","https://openalex.org/W2376931207","https://openalex.org/W2384999112","https://openalex.org/W2398350456","https://openalex.org/W2490433913","https://openalex.org/W2528532518","https://openalex.org/W2605353314","https://openalex.org/W2620868963","https://openalex.org/W2754338819","https://openalex.org/W2802428558","https://openalex.org/W2803892029","https://openalex.org/W2889993614","https://openalex.org/W2891322019","https://openalex.org/W2971077620","https://openalex.org/W3020270167","https://openalex.org/W3097072654","https://openalex.org/W3176768603","https://openalex.org/W3198360190","https://openalex.org/W3200895710","https://openalex.org/W4211019019","https://openalex.org/W4234044418","https://openalex.org/W4250547361","https://openalex.org/W4296439040","https://openalex.org/W4296439423"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3200895710","https://openalex.org/W2188249376","https://openalex.org/W4406270752","https://openalex.org/W2155658053","https://openalex.org/W4285596788","https://openalex.org/W4409361749","https://openalex.org/W1997056911","https://openalex.org/W2751863744","https://openalex.org/W2384999112","https://openalex.org/W3113291101"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"recent":[1],"years,":[2,163],"research":[3],"on":[4],"the":[5,8,33,59,77,90,94,125,130,134,147,160,169,173],"relationship":[6],"between":[7,175],"Normalized":[9],"Difference":[10],"Vegetation":[11,116,151],"Index":[12],"(NDVI)":[13],"and":[14,40,46,51,61,177,179],"climate":[15,42,79],"factors":[16,80],"has":[17,157],"gained":[18],"significant":[19,104],"interest.":[20],"This":[21],"study":[22,92,135,148,171],"examines":[23],"vegetation":[24,132],"changes":[25,118],"in":[26,30,67,133,144,153],"different":[27],"forest":[28,71,100,131,155],"ecosystems":[29,101,156],"China":[31],"using":[32],"NDVI":[34,66,97,126,176],"dataset":[35],"from":[36],"1998":[37],"to":[38,57],"2015":[39],"corresponding":[41],"factor":[43],"data":[44],"(temperature":[45],"precipitation).":[47],"Trend":[48],"line":[49],"analysis":[50,53],"correlation":[52],"methods":[54],"are":[55,81],"employed":[56],"investigate":[58],"spatial":[60],"temporal":[62],"change":[63],"characteristics":[64],"of":[65,76,98,113,127,129,146],"five":[68],"representative":[69],"Chinese":[70],"ecosystems.":[72],"The":[73,84],"driving":[74],"forces":[75],"two":[78],"simultaneously":[82],"analyzed.":[83],"results":[85],"indicate":[86],"that:":[87],"(1)":[88],"Over":[89],"18-year":[91],"period,":[93],"annual":[95,111],"maximum":[96],"China\u2019s":[99,154],"exhibited":[102],"a":[103,139,165],"increasing":[105],"trend":[106],"(P<0.01),":[107],"with":[108,124],"an":[109,120],"average":[110],"increase":[112],"0.0043;":[114],"(2)":[115],"cover":[117],"demonstrated":[119],"overall":[121],"upward":[122],"trend,":[123],"84.87%":[128],"area":[136],"increasing.":[137],"However,":[138],"minimal":[140],"decrease":[141],"was":[142],"observed":[143],"0.94%":[145],"area;":[149],"(3)":[150],"coverage":[152],"increased":[158],"over":[159],"past":[161],"18":[162],"exhibiting":[164],"greening":[166],"trend.":[167],"Across":[168],"entire":[170],"area,":[172],"correlations":[174],"temperature":[178],"precipitation":[180],"were":[181],"insignificant.":[182]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-10T11:39:43.021295","created_date":"2023-10-28T00:00:00"}
