{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4387953285","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2023.117480","title":"Comparative studies of knapsack, boom, and drone sprayers for weed management in soybean (Glycine max L.)","display_name":"Comparative studies of knapsack, boom, and drone sprayers for weed management in soybean (Glycine max L.)","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-10-26","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4387953285","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2023.117480","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37890833"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.envres.2023.117480","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2023.117480","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2023.117480","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S173943867","display_name":"Environmental Research","issn_l":"0013-9351","issn":["0013-9351","1096-0953"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Environmental Research","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2023.117480","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112006272","display_name":"Chaitanya Hiremath","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I120386524","display_name":"Marathwada Agricultural University","ror":"https://ror.org/03y2k8882","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I120386524"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chaitanya Hiremath","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Agronomy, Vasantrao Naik Marathwada Krishi Vidyapeeth, Parbhani, 431402, Maharashtra, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Agronomy, Vasantrao Naik Marathwada Krishi Vidyapeeth, Parbhani, 431402, Maharashtra, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I120386524"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015013037","display_name":"Narendra Khatri","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4063-4115","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4063-4115"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I164861460","display_name":"Manipal Academy of Higher Education","ror":"https://ror.org/02xzytt36","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I164861460"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Narendra Khatri","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mechatronics, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, Karnataka., India. Electronic address: narkhatri@gmail.com","Department of Mechatronics, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, Karnataka., India"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4063-4115","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mechatronics, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, Karnataka., India. Electronic address: narkhatri@gmail.com","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I164861460"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mechatronics, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, Karnataka., India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I164861460"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022035524","display_name":"Megha P. Jagtap","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I120386524","display_name":"Marathwada Agricultural University","ror":"https://ror.org/03y2k8882","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I120386524"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Megha P. Jagtap","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Agronomy, Vasantrao Naik Marathwada Krishi Vidyapeeth, Parbhani, 431402, Maharashtra, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Agronomy, Vasantrao Naik Marathwada Krishi Vidyapeeth, Parbhani, 431402, Maharashtra, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I120386524"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5015013037"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I164861460"],"apc_list":{"value":3550,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3550},"apc_paid":{"value":3550,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3550},"fwci":5.9548,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":43,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97382446,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"240","issue":"Pt 1","first_page":"117480","last_page":"117480"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10774","display_name":"Weed Control and Herbicide Applications","score":0.9926999807357788,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10774","display_name":"Weed Control and Herbicide Applications","score":0.9926999807357788,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12201","display_name":"Agricultural Engineering and Mechanization","score":0.005799999926239252,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11180","display_name":"Pesticide and Herbicide Environmental Studies","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2310","display_name":"Pollution"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/boom-sprayer","display_name":"boom sprayer","score":0.9419999718666077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/knapsack-sprayer","display_name":"knapsack sprayer","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pre-emergence-herbicides","display_name":"pre-emergence herbicides","score":0.7960000038146973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/post-emergence-herbicides","display_name":"post-emergence herbicides","score":0.9959999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pendimethalin","display_name":"pendimethalin","score":0.9929999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/imazethapyr","display_name":"imazethapyr","score":0.859000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/imazamox","display_name":"imazamox","score":0.9599999785423279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/weed-control-efficiency","display_name":"weed control efficiency","score":0.8700000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/work-efficiency","display_name":"work efficiency","score":0.609000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/herbicide-use","display_name":"herbicide application","score":0.453000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/weed-dry-weight","display_name":"weed dry weight","score":0.6980000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/weed-index","display_name":"weed index","score":0.75}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778230297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1141546","display_name":"Sprayer","level":2,"score":0.9383895397186279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113138325","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q864457","display_name":"Knapsack problem","level":2,"score":0.7396582961082458},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775891814","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101879","display_name":"Weed","level":2,"score":0.638949453830719},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147273371","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2739141","display_name":"Weed control","level":2,"score":0.6308730244636536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6557445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173113","display_name":"Agronomy","level":1,"score":0.5010926723480225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778302866","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q423895","display_name":"Pendimethalin","level":3,"score":0.49088960886001587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141441539","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1970908","display_name":"Boom","level":2,"score":0.4597812294960022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.4580603539943695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144938864","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4927286","display_name":"Randomized block design","level":2,"score":0.42654949426651},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33070731","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7218","display_name":"Toxicology","level":1,"score":0.3688749372959137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.36761853098869324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.20711824297904968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87717796","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q146326","display_name":"Environmental engineering","level":1,"score":0.1303110420703888},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.12669193744659424}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000088722","descriptor_name":"Unmanned Aerial Devices","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006540","descriptor_name":"Herbicides","qualifier_ui":"Q000032","qualifier_name":"analysis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D013025","descriptor_name":"Glycine max","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014867","descriptor_name":"Water","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017753","descriptor_name":"Ecosystem","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.envres.2023.117480","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2023.117480","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2023.117480","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S173943867","display_name":"Environmental Research","issn_l":"0013-9351","issn":["0013-9351","1096-0953"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Environmental Research","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:37890833","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37890833","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Environmental research","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.envres.2023.117480","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2023.117480","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2023.117480","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S173943867","display_name":"Environmental Research","issn_l":"0013-9351","issn":["0013-9351","1096-0953"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Environmental Research","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.991100013256073,"display_name":"Zero hunger","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2"},{"score":0.7605999708175659,"display_name":"Life on land","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":44,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1988341931","https://openalex.org/W2029555028","https://openalex.org/W2034005702","https://openalex.org/W2046741496","https://openalex.org/W2076743600","https://openalex.org/W2079786329","https://openalex.org/W2085121720","https://openalex.org/W2218179558","https://openalex.org/W2253211068","https://openalex.org/W2338310112","https://openalex.org/W2406219520","https://openalex.org/W2547704185","https://openalex.org/W2613565849","https://openalex.org/W2795437665","https://openalex.org/W2802719542","https://openalex.org/W2908598883","https://openalex.org/W2955950936","https://openalex.org/W2980753708","https://openalex.org/W2998541759","https://openalex.org/W3011290324","https://openalex.org/W3029431478","https://openalex.org/W3087315136","https://openalex.org/W3124345384","https://openalex.org/W3134368335","https://openalex.org/W3134686538","https://openalex.org/W3139252218","https://openalex.org/W3150607550","https://openalex.org/W3151602627","https://openalex.org/W3162398161","https://openalex.org/W3216900205","https://openalex.org/W4220825053","https://openalex.org/W4255923120","https://openalex.org/W4294956297","https://openalex.org/W4308487270","https://openalex.org/W4316035237","https://openalex.org/W4362640556","https://openalex.org/W4365815402","https://openalex.org/W4376269341","https://openalex.org/W4380785287","https://openalex.org/W4384283643","https://openalex.org/W4385439324","https://openalex.org/W4386196657","https://openalex.org/W6959951896","https://openalex.org/W6960126853"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4415987990","https://openalex.org/W7170740912","https://openalex.org/W4293151360","https://openalex.org/W7155053219","https://openalex.org/W4392057222","https://openalex.org/W2896121157","https://openalex.org/W7170624460","https://openalex.org/W4416913104","https://openalex.org/W7164761405","https://openalex.org/W2275631111"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,43,64,137,259],"study":[1,227],"titled,":[2],"\"Comparative":[3],"Evaluation":[4],"of":[5,35,52,72,232,261,274],"Knapsack,":[6],"Boom,":[7],"and":[8,60,75,83,100,124,133,146,159,172,176,198,204,213,223,234,250,256,270],"Drone":[9,215],"Sprayers":[10],"for":[11,96,115,141,157],"Weed":[12],"Management":[13],"in":[14,55,58,180],"Soybean":[15],"(Glycine":[16],"max":[17],"L.)\"":[18],"was":[19,46,94,184],"carried":[20],"out":[21],"during":[22,254],"the":[23,33,49,154,164,187,207,230,272],"Kharif":[24],"season":[25],"2021-22":[26],"at":[27],"an":[28],"experimental":[29],"farm":[30],"affiliated":[31],"with":[32,163,186,191,279],"Department":[34],"Agronomy,":[36],"Vasantrao":[37],"Naik":[38],"Marathwada":[39],"Krishi":[40],"Vidyapeeth,":[41],"Parbhani.":[42],"primary":[44],"objective":[45],"to":[47,202,242],"evaluate":[48],"comparative":[50],"efficacy":[51],"various":[53],"sprayers":[54,138,178,216],"controlling":[56],"weeds":[57],"soybeans":[59],"their":[61,235],"work":[62,148,217],"efficiency.":[63,136,149],"Randomized":[65],"Block":[66],"Design":[67],"(RBD)":[68],"included":[69],"ten":[70],"treatments":[71,118],"pre-emergence":[73,97],"(PE)":[74],"post-emergence":[76,160],"(POE)":[77],"herbicides":[78,233],"applied":[79],"by":[80,221,246],"knapsack,":[81],"boom,":[82],"drone":[84,177,188,208],"sprayers.":[85,225],"Pendimethalin":[86],"30%":[87],"EC":[88,103],"@":[89,108],"750":[90],"g":[91,110],"a.i":[92,111],"ha\u22121":[93,112],"used":[95,114,210],"herbicide":[98,161,252],"application,":[99,162],"Imazamox":[101],"35%":[102,106],"+":[104],"Imazethapyr":[105],"WG":[107],"70":[109],"were":[113,119,139],"post-emergence.":[116],"These":[117],"tested":[120],"on":[121,229,237,285],"soybean":[122,275],"Monocot":[123],"Dicot":[125],"weed":[126,128,131,134,166,173,263],"count,":[127,167],"dry":[129,168],"weight,":[130,169],"index,":[132],"control":[135,170],"compared":[140],"time,":[142],"water,":[143],"labor,":[144],"herbicide,":[145],"overall":[147],"A":[150],"knapsack":[151,199,203,224],"sprayer":[152,189,209],"showed":[153],"best":[155],"results":[156],"pre-":[158],"lowest":[165],"efficiency,":[171],"index.":[174],"Boom":[175],"followed":[179,220],"effectiveness.":[181],"Herbicide":[182],"application":[183],"faster":[185],"than":[190],"hand":[192],"weeding,":[193],"cultural":[194],"practices,":[195],"boom":[196,205,222],"sprayer,":[197],"sprayer.":[200],"Compared":[201],"sprayers,":[206],"less":[211],"water":[212],"labour.":[214],"most":[218],"efficiently,":[219],"This":[226],"focuses":[228],"prevalence":[231],"impact":[236],"non-target":[238],"ecosystems.":[239],"It":[240],"aims":[241],"develop":[243],"mitigation":[244],"strategies":[245],"optimizing":[247],"spraying":[248],"efficiency":[249,273],"reducing":[251],"usage":[253],"pre":[255],"post":[257],"emergence.":[258],"dissemination":[260],"efficient":[262],"management":[264],"practices":[265],"that":[266],"reduce":[267],"environmental":[268],"impacts":[269],"increase":[271],"cultivation":[276],"is":[277],"consistent":[278],"Sustainable":[280],"Development":[281],"Goal":[282],"15:":[283],"life":[284],"land.":[286]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":9}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2023-10-27T00:00:00"}
