{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4387917872","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmtt.2023.3325105","title":"A VNA-Based Wideband Measurement System for Large-Signal Characterization of Multiport Circuits","display_name":"A VNA-Based Wideband Measurement System for Large-Signal Characterization of Multiport Circuits","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-10-24","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4387917872","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmtt.2023.3325105"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tmtt.2023.3325105","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmtt.2023.3325105","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmtt.2023.3325105","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S198879913","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques","issn_l":"0018-9480","issn":["0018-9480","1557-9670"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-2","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320754","host_organization_name":"IEEE Microwave Theory and Techniques Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320754"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Microwave Theory and Techniques Society"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10294310","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080291495","display_name":"Christoph Schulze","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-5162-0373","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0003-5162-0373"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799749373","display_name":"Ferdinand-Braun-Institut","ror":"https://ror.org/02be22443","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799749373","https://openalex.org/I315704651"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Christoph Schulze","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ferdinand-Braun-Institut, Leibniz-Institut fuer Hoechstfrequenztechnik, Berlin, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-5162-0373","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ferdinand-Braun-Institut, Leibniz-Institut fuer Hoechstfrequenztechnik, Berlin, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799749373"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041535951","display_name":"Mattia Mengozzi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6401-0000","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6401-0000"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9360294","display_name":"University of Bologna","ror":"https://ror.org/01111rn36","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9360294"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mattia Mengozzi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical, Electronic and Information Engineering \u201cGuglielmo Marconi,\u201d University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6401-0000","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical, Electronic and Information Engineering \u201cGuglielmo Marconi,\u201d University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9360294"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050239879","display_name":"Gian Piero Gibiino","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1261-9527","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1261-9527"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9360294","display_name":"University of Bologna","ror":"https://ror.org/01111rn36","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9360294"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gian Piero Gibiino","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical, Electronic and Information Engineering \u201cGuglielmo Marconi,\u201d University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1261-9527","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical, Electronic and Information Engineering \u201cGuglielmo Marconi,\u201d University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9360294"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058637193","display_name":"Alberto Maria Angelotti","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2088-9663","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2088-9663"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9360294","display_name":"University of Bologna","ror":"https://ror.org/01111rn36","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9360294"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alberto Maria Angelotti","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical, Electronic and Information Engineering \u201cGuglielmo Marconi,\u201d University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2088-9663","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical, Electronic and Information Engineering \u201cGuglielmo Marconi,\u201d University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9360294"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090267500","display_name":"Corrado Florian","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5652-9355","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5652-9355"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9360294","display_name":"University of Bologna","ror":"https://ror.org/01111rn36","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9360294"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Corrado Florian","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical, Electronic and Information Engineering \u201cGuglielmo Marconi,\u201d University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5652-9355","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical, Electronic and Information Engineering \u201cGuglielmo Marconi,\u201d University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9360294"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057371838","display_name":"Alberto Santarelli","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0289-6870","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0289-6870"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9360294","display_name":"University of Bologna","ror":"https://ror.org/01111rn36","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9360294"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alberto Santarelli","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical, Electronic and Information Engineering \u201cGuglielmo Marconi,\u201d University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0289-6870","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical, Electronic and Information Engineering \u201cGuglielmo Marconi,\u201d University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9360294"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068797776","display_name":"W. Heinrich","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6113-7375","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6113-7375"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799749373","display_name":"Ferdinand-Braun-Institut","ror":"https://ror.org/02be22443","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799749373","https://openalex.org/I315704651"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wolfgang Heinrich","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ferdinand-Braun-Institut, Leibniz-Institut fuer Hoechstfrequenztechnik, Berlin, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6113-7375","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ferdinand-Braun-Institut, Leibniz-Institut fuer Hoechstfrequenztechnik, Berlin, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799749373"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043602236","display_name":"Olof Bengtsson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0181-8923","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0181-8923"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799749373","display_name":"Ferdinand-Braun-Institut","ror":"https://ror.org/02be22443","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799749373","https://openalex.org/I315704651"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Olof Bengtsson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ferdinand-Braun-Institut, Leibniz-Institut fuer Hoechstfrequenztechnik, Berlin, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0181-8923","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ferdinand-Braun-Institut, Leibniz-Institut fuer Hoechstfrequenztechnik, Berlin, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799749373"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":2345,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2345},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.8552,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":12,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.67149024,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"72","issue":"1","first_page":"638","last_page":"647"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11248","display_name":"Advanced Power Amplifier Design","score":0.9937000274658203,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11248","display_name":"Advanced Power Amplifier Design","score":0.9937000274658203,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11607","display_name":"Microwave and Dielectric Measurement Techniques","score":0.001500000013038516,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11851","display_name":"Electromagnetic Compatibility and Measurements","score":0.0007999999797903001,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wideband-measurement","display_name":"wideband measurement","score":0.7429999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vector-network-analyzer","display_name":"vector network analyzer","score":0.9549999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/large-signal-characterization","display_name":"large-signal characterization","score":0.9589999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/on-wafer-characterization","display_name":"on-wafer characterization","score":0.7870000004768372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/doherty-power-amplifier","display_name":"Doherty power amplifier","score":0.8769999742507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power-amplifier-linearization","display_name":"power amplifier linearization","score":0.8930000066757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/millimeter-wave","display_name":"millimeter wave","score":0.7049999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/instantaneous-bandwidth","display_name":"instantaneous bandwidth","score":0.5429999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/high-dynamic-range","display_name":"high dynamic range","score":0.5920000076293945}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780202535","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4524457","display_name":"Wideband","level":2,"score":0.8606845140457153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.6222784519195557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134146338","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1815901","display_name":"Electronic circuit","level":2,"score":0.5586315393447876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780841128","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5073781","display_name":"Characterization (materials science)","level":2,"score":0.5044301748275757},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.44124293327331543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779843651","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7390335","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","level":2,"score":0.4193955063819885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23572009","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q964981","display_name":"Equivalent circuit","level":3,"score":0.414273202419281},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.36343684792518616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.3368406593799591},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.22619253396987915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.22429579496383667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.11904022097587585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tmtt.2023.3325105","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmtt.2023.3325105","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmtt.2023.3325105","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S198879913","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques","issn_l":"0018-9480","issn":["0018-9480","1557-9670"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-2","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320754","host_organization_name":"IEEE Microwave Theory and Techniques Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320754"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Microwave Theory and Techniques Society"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:cris.unibo.it:11585/955125","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10294310","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402579","display_name":"Archivio istituzionale della ricerca (Alma Mater Studiorum Universit\u00e0 di Bologna)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210117483","host_organization_name":"Istituto di Ematologia di Bologna","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210117483"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:cris.unibo.it:11585/955125","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10294310","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402579","display_name":"Archivio istituzionale della ricerca (Alma Mater Studiorum Universit\u00e0 di Bologna)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210117483","host_organization_name":"Istituto di Ematologia di Bologna","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210117483"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321114","display_name":"Bundesministerium f\u00fcr Bildung und Forschung","ror":"https://ror.org/04pz7b180"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":35,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2050609909","https://openalex.org/W2066779753","https://openalex.org/W2096234381","https://openalex.org/W2099667551","https://openalex.org/W2125685540","https://openalex.org/W2164222558","https://openalex.org/W2167797886","https://openalex.org/W2184971513","https://openalex.org/W2485839733","https://openalex.org/W2584223748","https://openalex.org/W2592406788","https://openalex.org/W2810411959","https://openalex.org/W2886940223","https://openalex.org/W2940645816","https://openalex.org/W2950807940","https://openalex.org/W2952398358","https://openalex.org/W2952813853","https://openalex.org/W2956808654","https://openalex.org/W2994998641","https://openalex.org/W3093585969","https://openalex.org/W3094913772","https://openalex.org/W3098204076","https://openalex.org/W3126853749","https://openalex.org/W3128624849","https://openalex.org/W3152766217","https://openalex.org/W3207965000","https://openalex.org/W3208950343","https://openalex.org/W3210404220","https://openalex.org/W4281610672","https://openalex.org/W4283795347","https://openalex.org/W4285105467","https://openalex.org/W4297099543","https://openalex.org/W4308341141","https://openalex.org/W4377089574","https://openalex.org/W4387698257"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4387698257","https://openalex.org/W3126853749","https://openalex.org/W4242386064","https://openalex.org/W2254249370","https://openalex.org/W4297099543","https://openalex.org/W2104227953","https://openalex.org/W2886940223","https://openalex.org/W1990644149","https://openalex.org/W2153729653","https://openalex.org/W4392016456"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"work":[1],"reports":[2],"on":[3,10,145],"a":[4,11,24,126,134,160,173],"wideband":[5],"(WB)":[6],"measurement":[7],"system":[8,115],"based":[9],"vector":[12],"network":[13],"analyzer":[14],"(VNA)":[15],"topology":[16],"for":[17,36,73,119,154],"multiport":[18],"large-signal":[19],"measurements.":[20,76],"The":[21,77,114,170,182],"setup":[22],"exploits":[23],"modified":[25],"commercial":[26],"VNA":[27],"with":[28,62],"WB":[29,74,104,121,148,180],"intermediate":[30],"frequency":[31],"(IF)":[32],"outputs":[33],"that":[34],"allow":[35],"more":[37],"than":[38],"5-GHz":[39],"analysis":[40],"bandwidth":[41],"(BW),":[42],"where":[43],"the":[44,63,68,85,89,146,165,178],"IF":[45],"is":[46,59,92,96,116,152,191],"captured":[47],"using":[48,56,106,133],"an":[49,150,187],"external":[50],"high-speed":[51],"oscilloscope.":[52],"A":[53,94],"three-port":[54],"configuration":[55,190],"six":[57],"receivers":[58],"described,":[60],"together":[61],"signal":[64,75,139,157],"processing":[65],"to":[66,80],"achieve":[67],"high":[69],"dynamic":[70],"range":[71],"required":[72],"calibration":[78,102,105],"procedure":[79],"establish":[81],"reference":[82,168],"planes":[83],"at":[84,140,164],"three":[86],"ports":[87],"of":[88,125,177,185],"device-under-test":[90],"(DUT)":[91],"shown.":[93],"comparison":[95],"made":[97],"between":[98],"single-tone":[99],"continuous-wave":[100],"(CW)":[101],"and":[103,112,123],"multitone":[107],"signals,":[108],"illustrating":[109],"advantages,":[110],"challenges,":[111],"limitations.":[113],"then":[117],"demonstrated":[118],"on-wafer":[120,167],"characterization":[122],"linearization":[124,183],"dual":[127],"input":[128,156,179],"Doherty":[129],"power":[130],"amplifier":[131],"(DIDPA)":[132],"100-MHz":[135],"instantaneous":[136],"BW":[137,163],"excitation":[138],"millimeter-wave":[141],"frequencies.":[142],"By":[143],"leveraging":[144],"error-corrected":[147],"waves,":[149],"algorithm":[151,171],"proposed":[153],"modulated":[155],"control":[158],"across":[159],"600-MHz":[161],"acquisition":[162],"DUT":[166],"planes.":[169],"enables":[172],"user-defined":[174],"emulated":[175,188],"splitting":[176],"signals.":[181],"performance":[184],"such":[186],"PA":[189],"finally":[192],"evaluated.":[193]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-11-10T11:39:43.021295","created_date":"2023-10-25T00:00:00"}