{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4387912208","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/eurpub/ckad160.199","title":"Pressure, bullying and low social support predict depressive symptoms and self-directed violence","display_name":"Pressure, bullying and low social support predict depressive symptoms and self-directed violence","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4387912208","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/eurpub/ckad160.199"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1093/eurpub/ckad160.199","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/eurpub/ckad160.199","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/eurpub/ckad160.199","pdf_url":"https://academic.oup.com/eurpub/article-pdf/33/Supplement_2/ckad160.199/52417789/ckad160.199.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210220588","display_name":"European Journal of Public Health","issn_l":"1101-1262","issn":["1101-1262","1464-360X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-b","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-b","doyens","fnege-4","jufo-2","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"European Journal of Public Health","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://academic.oup.com/eurpub/article-pdf/33/Supplement_2/ckad160.199/52417789/ckad160.199.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088914346","display_name":"Tonje Holte Stea","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3349-6706","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3349-6706"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200650556","display_name":"University of Agder","ror":"https://ror.org/03x297z98","country_code":"NO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200650556"]}],"countries":["NO"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"T Stea","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Agder , Kristiansand, Norway"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Agder , Kristiansand, Norway","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200650556"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080280805","display_name":"Tore Bonsaksen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6315-1111","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6315-1111"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210116649","display_name":"University of Inland Norway","ror":"https://ror.org/02dx4dc92","country_code":"NO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210116649"]}],"countries":["NO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"T Bonsaksen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences , Elverum, Norway"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences , Elverum, Norway","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210116649"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"P Smith","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210145009","display_name":"Sciensano (Belgium)","ror":"https://ror.org/04ejags36","country_code":"BE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210145009"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"P Smith","raw_affiliation_strings":["Sciensano , Brussels, Norway"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sciensano , Brussels, Norway","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210145009"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087079302","display_name":"Annette L\u00f8vheim Kleppang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3844-4745","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3844-4745"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200650556","display_name":"University of Agder","ror":"https://ror.org/03x297z98","country_code":"NO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200650556"]}],"countries":["NO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A L Kleppang","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Agder , Kristiansand, Norway"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Agder , Kristiansand, Norway","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200650556"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038459895","display_name":"Anne Mari Steigen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9752-6153","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9752-6153"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210116649","display_name":"University of Inland Norway","ror":"https://ror.org/02dx4dc92","country_code":"NO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210116649"]}],"countries":["NO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A M Steigen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences , Elverum, Norway"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences , Elverum, Norway","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210116649"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076278624","display_name":"Marja Leonhardt","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0528-3949","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0528-3949"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2269089","display_name":"Innlandet Hospital Trust","ror":"https://ror.org/02kn5wf75","country_code":"NO","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2269089","https://openalex.org/I4210123979"]}],"countries":["NO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M Leonhardt","raw_affiliation_strings":["Innlandet Hospital Trust , Brumunddal, Norway"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Innlandet Hospital Trust , Brumunddal, Norway","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2269089"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089218086","display_name":"Lars Lien","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0480-9208","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0480-9208"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210116649","display_name":"University of Inland Norway","ror":"https://ror.org/02dx4dc92","country_code":"NO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210116649"]}],"countries":["NO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"L Lien","raw_affiliation_strings":["Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences , Elverum, Norway"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences , Elverum, Norway","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210116649"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075847232","display_name":"M\u00e1rio Vianna Vettore","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6299-4432","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6299-4432"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200650556","display_name":"University of Agder","ror":"https://ror.org/03x297z98","country_code":"NO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200650556"]}],"countries":["NO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M V Vettore","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Agder , Kristiansand, Norway"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Agder , Kristiansand, Norway","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200650556"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5088914346"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200650556"],"apc_list":{"value":2553,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":2762},"apc_paid":{"value":2553,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":2762},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.19869922,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"33","issue":"Supplement_2","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10376","display_name":"Suicide and Self-Harm Studies","score":0.9839000105857849,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3203","display_name":"Clinical Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10376","display_name":"Suicide and Self-Harm Studies","score":0.9839000105857849,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3203","display_name":"Clinical Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10182","display_name":"Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development","score":0.004999999888241291,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3203","display_name":"Clinical Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10485","display_name":"Bullying, Victimization, and Aggression","score":0.0034000000450760126,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adolescent-depression","display_name":"adolescent depression","score":0.6819999814033508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/depressive-symptoms","display_name":"depressive symptoms","score":0.9039999842643738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/self-harm","display_name":"self-harm","score":0.949999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bullying","display_name":"bullying","score":0.9399999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-support","display_name":"social support","score":0.5830000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/socioeconomic-status","display_name":"socioeconomic status","score":0.6800000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/household-economy","display_name":"household economy","score":0.675000011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parental-education","display_name":"parental education","score":0.9869999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parental-support","display_name":"parental support","score":0.9300000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/teacher-support","display_name":"teacher support","score":0.9829999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/peer-support","display_name":"peer support","score":0.8939999938011169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/risk-and-protective-factors","display_name":"risk and protective factors","score":0.8180000185966492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/youth-mental-health","display_name":"youth mental health","score":0.6769999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gender-differences","display_name":"gender differences","score":0.574999988079071}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778087770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2297111","display_name":"Social support","level":2,"score":0.5929918885231018},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.5465478897094727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147077947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1515895","display_name":"Socioeconomic status","level":3,"score":0.5394599437713623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70410870","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199906","display_name":"Clinical psychology","level":1,"score":0.5282266139984131},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C526869908","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3298118","display_name":"Suicide prevention","level":3,"score":0.4706384837627411},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.4384268522262573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63428231","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9043","display_name":"Norwegian","level":2,"score":0.4312199652194977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780842732","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3518184","display_name":"Suicide attempt","level":4,"score":0.42676761746406555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3017944768","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1450463","display_name":"Poison control","level":2,"score":0.4212228059768677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190385971","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q373494","display_name":"Injury prevention","level":3,"score":0.4134235084056854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.3204266130924225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.18225547671318054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C545542383","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2751242","display_name":"Medical emergency","level":1,"score":0.11507496237754822},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.07770287990570068},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99454951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932068","display_name":"Environmental health","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1093/eurpub/ckad160.199","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/eurpub/ckad160.199","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/eurpub/ckad160.199","pdf_url":"https://academic.oup.com/eurpub/article-pdf/33/Supplement_2/ckad160.199/52417789/ckad160.199.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210220588","display_name":"European Journal of Public Health","issn_l":"1101-1262","issn":["1101-1262","1464-360X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-b","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-b","doyens","fnege-4","jufo-2","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"European Journal of Public Health","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:10597294","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/10597294","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10597294/pdf/ckad160.199.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Eur J Public Health","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1093/eurpub/ckad160.199","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/eurpub/ckad160.199","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/eurpub/ckad160.199","pdf_url":"https://academic.oup.com/eurpub/article-pdf/33/Supplement_2/ckad160.199/52417789/ckad160.199.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210220588","display_name":"European Journal of Public Health","issn_l":"1101-1262","issn":["1101-1262","1464-360X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-b","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-b","doyens","fnege-4","jufo-2","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"European Journal of Public Health","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9789000153541565,"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Observational Study","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4387912208.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4387912208.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4393307365","https://openalex.org/W6920878898","https://openalex.org/W4410905190","https://openalex.org/W4391296682","https://openalex.org/W2107826425","https://openalex.org/W7128716077","https://openalex.org/W4406982598","https://openalex.org/W4401487667","https://openalex.org/W3208101961","https://openalex.org/W2612656902"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Background":[1],"More":[2],"in-depth":[3],"evidence":[4],"about":[5,276],"the":[6,23,26,31,75,219,299],"complex":[7],"relationships":[8,76],"between":[9,77],"risk":[10,279],"and":[11,14,33,40,47,87,94,105,110,120,122,124,137,142,152,157,159,183,188,190,205,210,215,232,237,246,256,264,280,290,307],"protective":[12,281],"factors":[13,282],"mental":[15,316],"health":[16],"among":[17,60,118,127,140,155,162,186,192,208,259,293],"adolescents":[18,261],"has":[19],"been":[20],"warranted.":[21],"Thus,":[22],"aim":[24],"of":[25,36,253,301],"study":[27,55,297],"was":[28,56,71],"to":[29,73],"examine":[30],"direct":[32,263],"indirect":[34,265],"effects":[35],"experiencing":[37],"pressure,":[38,80,100,172,213,244],"bullying,":[39,81,101,148,180],"low":[41,95,102,176,247],"social":[42,82,248,308],"support":[43,104,146,169,178,231,234,249],"on":[44],"depressive":[45,84,106,116,134,149,173,181,201,216,254,287],"symptoms":[46,107,117,182,202,217,255],"self-directed":[48,257],"violence":[49,258],"in":[50,58,108],"adolescence.":[51],"Methods":[52],"A":[53],"cross-sectional":[54],"conducted":[57],"2022":[59],"15":[61],"823":[62],"Norwegian":[63,260],"adolescents,":[64],"aged":[65],"13-19":[66],"years.":[67],"Structural":[68],"Equation":[69],"Modelling":[70],"used":[72],"assess":[74],"socioeconomic":[78,242],"status,":[79,243],"support,":[83,229],"symptoms,":[85,135,150,174,288],"self-harm":[86,123,151,191,204,236,289],"suicide":[88,125,138,153,184,206,238,291],"thoughts.":[89,239],"Results":[90,197],"Poor":[91],"family":[92,224],"economy":[93],"parental":[96,103,145,226,233],"education":[97],"predicted":[98,115,133,147,170,179,203,235],"high":[99,113,160,171],"males":[109,119,141,156,187,209],"females.":[111,143,196,211],"Further,":[112],"pressure":[114,161],"females,":[121,128,158,163,189],"thoughts":[126,139,154,185,207,292],"but":[129,164,194],"not":[130,165,195],"males.":[131,166],"Bullying":[132],"self-harm,":[136],"Low":[144,167,241],"teacher":[168,230],"whereas":[175],"friends":[177,228],"males,":[193],"also":[198,272,313],"showed":[199],"that":[200],"Finally,":[212],"bullying":[214,245],"were":[218,250],"main":[220],"mediators":[221],"by":[222],"which":[223],"economy,":[225],"education,":[227],"Conclusions":[240],"important":[251],"predictors":[252],"through":[262],"mechanisms.":[266],"Key":[267],"messages":[268],"\u2022":[269,295],"These":[270],"results":[271],"provide":[273],"increased":[274],"knowledge":[275],"how":[277],"multiple":[278],"across":[283],"domains":[284],"impact":[285],"both":[286],"adolescents.":[294],"This":[296],"highlights":[298],"importance":[300],"policies":[302],"aiming":[303],"at":[304],"reducing":[305],"economic":[306],"inequalities,":[309],"as":[310],"they":[311],"may":[312],"improve":[314],"youth":[315],"health.":[317]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-29T09:56:32.521200","created_date":"2023-10-25T00:00:00"}