{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4387878200","doi":"https://doi.org/10.52403/ijrr.20231042","title":"Victimology Analysis of Umrah Travel Agency Fraud Cases in Indonesia","display_name":"Victimology Analysis of Umrah Travel Agency Fraud Cases in Indonesia","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-10-21","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4387878200","doi":"https://doi.org/10.52403/ijrr.20231042"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.52403/ijrr.20231042","doi":"https://doi.org/10.52403/ijrr.20231042","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.52403/ijrr.20231042","pdf_url":"https://doi.org/10.52403/ijrr.20231042","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210227086","display_name":"International Journal of Research and Review","issn_l":"2349-9788","issn":["2349-9788","2454-2237"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4323237698","host_organization_name":"Galore Knowledge Publication Pvt. Ltd.","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4323237698"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Galore Knowledge Publication Pvt. Ltd."],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Research and Review","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.52403/ijrr.20231042","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100676768","display_name":"Supriyanto Supriyanto","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-6206-788X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0001-6206-788X","https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3497-4324","https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0735-9011"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Supriyanto .","raw_affiliation_strings":["Indonesian Police Officer, Greater Jakarta Metropolitan Regional Police, Jakarta, Indonesia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Indonesian Police Officer, Greater Jakarta Metropolitan Regional Police, Jakarta, Indonesia","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024407892","display_name":"Lucky Nurhadiyanto","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210145783","display_name":"Universitas Budi Luhur","ror":"https://ror.org/04jhb1n36","country_code":"ID","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210145783"]}],"countries":["ID"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lucky Nurhadiyanto","raw_affiliation_strings":["Budi Luhur University, Jakarta, Indonesia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Budi Luhur University, Jakarta, Indonesia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210145783"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":11.6837,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":12,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98308032,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"10","issue":"10","first_page":"341","last_page":"351"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12736","display_name":"Criminal Justice and Penology","score":0.47999998927116394,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12736","display_name":"Criminal Justice and Penology","score":0.47999998927116394,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14397","display_name":"Legal and Policy Analysis in Indonesia","score":0.23659999668598175,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11876","display_name":"Legal Studies and Policies","score":0.1860000044107437,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/victimology","display_name":"victimology","score":0.8199999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ponzi-schemes","display_name":"Ponzi schemes","score":0.8159999847412109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/restorative-justice","display_name":"restorative justice","score":0.718999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/modus-operandi","display_name":"modus operandi","score":0.7419999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/financial-services-authority-ojk","display_name":"Financial Services Authority (OJK)","score":0.9089999794960022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/victim-protection","display_name":"victim protection","score":0.35499998927116394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/religious-tourism","display_name":"religious tourism","score":0.4300000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/indonesia","display_name":"Indonesia","score":0.33500000834465027}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108170787","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3951828","display_name":"Agency (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.5885420441627502},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776886188","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q373752","display_name":"Victimisation","level":4,"score":0.5389723181724548},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.4975478947162628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39549134","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133080","display_name":"Public relations","level":1,"score":0.46424707770347595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.26138103008270264},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.1642526090145111},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3017944768","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1450463","display_name":"Poison control","level":2,"score":0.12777894735336304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166735990","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1750812","display_name":"Human factors and ergonomics","level":3,"score":0.11422699689865112},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.11046403646469116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99454951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932068","display_name":"Environmental health","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36289849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749","display_name":"Social science","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.52403/ijrr.20231042","doi":"https://doi.org/10.52403/ijrr.20231042","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.52403/ijrr.20231042","pdf_url":"https://doi.org/10.52403/ijrr.20231042","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210227086","display_name":"International Journal of Research and Review","issn_l":"2349-9788","issn":["2349-9788","2454-2237"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4323237698","host_organization_name":"Galore Knowledge Publication Pvt. Ltd.","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4323237698"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Galore Knowledge Publication Pvt. Ltd."],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Research and Review","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.52403/ijrr.20231042","doi":"https://doi.org/10.52403/ijrr.20231042","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.52403/ijrr.20231042","pdf_url":"https://doi.org/10.52403/ijrr.20231042","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210227086","display_name":"International Journal of Research and Review","issn_l":"2349-9788","issn":["2349-9788","2454-2237"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4323237698","host_organization_name":"Galore Knowledge Publication Pvt. Ltd.","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4323237698"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Galore Knowledge Publication Pvt. Ltd."],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Research and Review","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9595999717712402,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4387878200.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4387878200.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":24,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W629151559","https://openalex.org/W1560658980","https://openalex.org/W1561316264","https://openalex.org/W1597856006","https://openalex.org/W1934388467","https://openalex.org/W2128960605","https://openalex.org/W2147179737","https://openalex.org/W2236588698","https://openalex.org/W2286176641","https://openalex.org/W2410589808","https://openalex.org/W2468541351","https://openalex.org/W2525083621","https://openalex.org/W2605059868","https://openalex.org/W2608019414","https://openalex.org/W2619795794","https://openalex.org/W2745254956","https://openalex.org/W2752926890","https://openalex.org/W2767139878","https://openalex.org/W2801481112","https://openalex.org/W2917955558","https://openalex.org/W2919176977","https://openalex.org/W2969691567","https://openalex.org/W4402523687","https://openalex.org/W6801848967"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4414795843","https://openalex.org/W4210709977","https://openalex.org/W4410178690","https://openalex.org/W7217137947","https://openalex.org/W7215786403","https://openalex.org/W7217507463","https://openalex.org/W4399691342","https://openalex.org/W7126397586","https://openalex.org/W4385673668","https://openalex.org/W7162948046"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,54,70,97,144,175,221],"exploitation":[1],"of":[2,30,44,58,66,72,108,126,133,156,178,190,206,224,232,256,273,282,310,315],"public":[3],"interest":[4],"in":[5,24,148,210,237,258,312],"Umrah":[6,52,59,68,77,98,234,262],"by":[7,81,94,218,244],"certain":[8],"individuals":[9,213],"or":[10,47],"entities":[11,306],"for":[12,260],"fraudulent":[13,25,45,73,219],"purposes":[14],"is":[15,27,184,198,265,300],"a":[16,102,106,140,153,188,271,289],"prevalent":[17],"phenomenon.":[18],"Typically,":[19],"the":[20,28,34,64,82,95,123,131,204,230,245,248,261,279,285,308,313],"prevailing":[21],"method":[22],"employed":[23],"activities":[26,46,74],"offer":[29],"reduced":[31],"fees.":[32],"During":[33],"period":[35],"from":[36,116],"2011":[37],"to":[38,51,121,187,200,203,212,302],"2018,":[39],"Indonesia":[40],"had":[41,250],"multiple":[42],"instances":[43],"criminal":[48],"acts":[49],"related":[50],"trip.":[53],"predominant":[55],"modus":[56],"operandi":[57],"fraud":[60,228],"typically":[61],"revolves":[62],"around":[63],"provision":[65],"low-cost":[67],"packages.":[69],"discovery":[71],"disguised":[75],"as":[76,105],"operations":[78],"was":[79,242],"initiated":[80],"Financial":[83],"Services":[84],"Authority":[85],"(OJK)":[86],"upon":[87],"detecting":[88],"strange":[89],"and":[90,168,171,192,229,254,275,284,296],"atypical":[91],"transactions":[92],"conducted":[93],"company.":[96],"travel":[99,124],"agency":[100],"employs":[101,139],"Ponzi":[103],"scheme":[104],"means":[107],"conducting":[109,152],"its":[110],"business":[111],"operations,":[112],"wherein":[113],"monies":[114],"obtained":[115],"subsequent":[117],"victims":[118,183,311,321],"are":[119],"utilised":[120],"finance":[122],"expenses":[125],"prior":[127,162],"victims,":[128],"hence":[129],"ensuring":[130],"coverage":[132],"all":[134],"associated":[135],"costs.":[136],"This":[137,240,298],"paper":[138],"descriptive":[141],"qualitative":[142],"methodology.":[143],"data":[145],"gathering":[146],"process":[147],"this":[149],"study":[150],"involved":[151],"comprehensive":[154],"review":[155],"relevant":[157],"literature,":[158],"including":[159,227],"reports,":[160],"documents,":[161],"research,":[163],"books,":[164],"scientific":[165],"works,":[166],"national":[167],"international":[169],"journals,":[170],"other":[172],"scholarly":[173],"sources.":[174],"perceived":[176],"effectiveness":[177],"state":[179],"measures":[180],"addressing":[181],"crime":[182],"diminished":[185],"due":[186],"lack":[189],"coherence":[191],"support":[193],"among":[194,292],"existing":[195],"rules.":[196],"It":[197,264],"imperative":[199],"give":[201],"precedence":[202],"ideas":[205],"restorative":[207],"justice,":[208],"particularly":[209],"relation":[211],"who":[214],"have":[215],"been":[216],"victimised":[217],"activities.":[220],"victim's":[222],"experience":[223],"recurrent":[225],"victimisation,":[226],"cancellation":[231],"their":[233,316],"trip,":[235],"resulted":[236],"psychological":[238],"pressure.":[239],"pressure":[241],"exacerbated":[243],"fact":[246],"that":[247,267,304],"victim":[249],"already":[251],"undertaken":[252],"rituals":[253],"expressions":[255],"gratitude":[257],"preparation":[259],"journey.":[263],"anticipated":[266],"there":[268],"will":[269],"be":[270],"harmonisation":[272],"regulations":[274],"supervisory":[276],"functions":[277],"between":[278],"Indonesian":[280],"Ministry":[281],"Religion":[283],"OJK,":[286],"along":[287],"with":[288],"shared":[290],"understanding":[291],"law":[293],"enforcement":[294],"officials":[295],"experts.":[297],"alignment":[299],"crucial":[301],"ensure":[303],"these":[305],"prioritise":[307],"welfare":[309],"execution":[314],"responsibilities.":[317],"Keywords:":[318],"fraud,":[319],"umrah,":[320]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":12}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2023-10-24T00:00:00"}