{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4387763795","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clsr.2023.105894","title":"The European Commission's approach to extra-contractual liability and AI \u2013 An evaluation of the AI liability directive and the revised product liability directive","display_name":"The European Commission's approach to extra-contractual liability and AI \u2013 An evaluation of the AI liability directive and the revised product liability directive","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-10-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4387763795","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clsr.2023.105894"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.clsr.2023.105894","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clsr.2023.105894","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clsr.2023.105894","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4394735566","display_name":"Computer law & security review","issn_l":"2212-473X","issn":["2212-473X","2212-4748"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","jufo-1"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computer Law &amp; Security Review","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028798472","display_name":"Jan De Bruyne","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2635-0493","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2635-0493"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114974","display_name":"IMEC","ror":"https://ror.org/02kcbn207","country_code":"BE","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210114974"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99464096","display_name":"KU Leuven","ror":"https://ror.org/05f950310","country_code":"BE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jan De Bruyne","raw_affiliation_strings":["KU Leuven Centre for IT & IP Law \u2013 IMEC, Belgium","eLaw Leiden, The Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"KU Leuven Centre for IT & IP Law \u2013 IMEC, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114974","https://openalex.org/I99464096"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"eLaw Leiden, The Netherlands","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067983006","display_name":"Orian Dheu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6454-5251","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6454-5251"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114974","display_name":"IMEC","ror":"https://ror.org/02kcbn207","country_code":"BE","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210114974"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99464096","display_name":"KU Leuven","ror":"https://ror.org/05f950310","country_code":"BE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Orian Dheu","raw_affiliation_strings":["KU Leuven Centre for IT & IP Law \u2013 IMEC, Belgium"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"KU Leuven Centre for IT & IP Law \u2013 IMEC, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114974","https://openalex.org/I99464096"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021144012","display_name":"Charlotte Ducuing","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1160-0637","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1160-0637"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114974","display_name":"IMEC","ror":"https://ror.org/02kcbn207","country_code":"BE","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210114974"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99464096","display_name":"KU Leuven","ror":"https://ror.org/05f950310","country_code":"BE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Charlotte Ducuing","raw_affiliation_strings":["KU Leuven Centre for IT & IP Law \u2013 IMEC, Belgium"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"KU Leuven Centre for IT & IP Law \u2013 IMEC, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114974","https://openalex.org/I99464096"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5028798472"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114974","https://openalex.org/I99464096"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":28.5939,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":29,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99655858,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"51","issue":null,"first_page":"105894","last_page":"105894"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13364","display_name":"Digitalization, Law, and Regulation","score":0.9932000041007996,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13364","display_name":"Digitalization, Law, and Regulation","score":0.9932000041007996,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12374","display_name":"European and International Contract Law","score":0.004100000020116568,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12669","display_name":"Comparative International Legal Studies","score":0.0010000000474974513,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ai-liability","display_name":"AI liability","score":0.7519999742507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tort-liability","display_name":"tort liability","score":0.8379999995231628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ai-liability-directive","display_name":"AI Liability Directive","score":0.8679999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/european-commission-proposal","display_name":"European Commission proposal","score":0.6389999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/burden-of-proof","display_name":"burden of proof","score":0.8999999761581421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-disclosure","display_name":"information disclosure","score":0.5429999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/causation-law","display_name":"causation (law)","score":0.8349999785423279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fault-based-liability","display_name":"fault-based liability","score":0.7889999747276306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/circular-economy","display_name":"circular economy","score":0.5979999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/global-value-chains","display_name":"global value chains","score":0.8389999866485596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/digital-age","display_name":"digital era","score":0.3499999940395355}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779547435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1121492","display_name":"Directive","level":2,"score":0.8000117540359497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777834853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q96776939","display_name":"Liability","level":2,"score":0.72771155834198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777449729","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q525271","display_name":"Product liability","level":3,"score":0.6611267924308777},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190253527","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q295354","display_name":"Law and economics","level":1,"score":0.5587399005889893},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.5584995746612549},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59149807","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q705497","display_name":"Strict liability","level":3,"score":0.5501705408096313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90673727","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901718","display_name":"Product (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.5481000542640686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C200635333","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q158970","display_name":"Tort","level":3,"score":0.460353821516037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778012447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1034415","display_name":"Scope (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.45911306142807007},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776034101","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1509347","display_name":"Commission","level":2,"score":0.4323999285697937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.37790539860725403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.3504663109779358},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162118730","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1128453","display_name":"Actuarial science","level":1,"score":0.3398160934448242},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.2831135392189026},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121955636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4116214","display_name":"Accounting","level":1,"score":0.22292572259902954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.20702549815177917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.11236444115638733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.clsr.2023.105894","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clsr.2023.105894","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clsr.2023.105894","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4394735566","display_name":"Computer law & security review","issn_l":"2212-473X","issn":["2212-473X","2212-4748"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","jufo-1"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computer Law &amp; Security Review","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:lirias2repo.kuleuven.be:20.500.12942/727517","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://lirias.kuleuven.be/handle/20.500.12942/727517","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407055369","display_name":"Lirias","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Computer Law & Security Review, vol. 51 (November 2023), Art.No. ARTN 105894","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322308","display_name":"KU Leuven","ror":"https://ror.org/05f950310"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4312800362","https://openalex.org/W4398204678","https://openalex.org/W4320505671","https://openalex.org/W4315480354","https://openalex.org/W4320488987","https://openalex.org/W4403537682","https://openalex.org/W4312572429","https://openalex.org/W4403537917","https://openalex.org/W4390747281","https://openalex.org/W4403537934"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":9}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2023-10-19T00:00:00"}
