{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4387758331","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssaho.2023.100717","title":"Tackling the legislative underrepresentation of women in Ghana: Empowerment strategies for broader gender parity","display_name":"Tackling the legislative underrepresentation of women in Ghana: Empowerment strategies for broader gender parity","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4387758331","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssaho.2023.100717"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.ssaho.2023.100717","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssaho.2023.100717","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssaho.2023.100717","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210179183","display_name":"Social Sciences & Humanities Open","issn_l":"2590-2911","issn":["2590-2911"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","norway-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Social Sciences & Humanities Open","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssaho.2023.100717","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5093089515","display_name":"Mary Awusi","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I138690464","display_name":"University of Ghana","ror":"https://ror.org/01r22mr83","country_code":"GH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I138690464"]}],"countries":["GH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mary Awusi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Adult Education and Human Resource Studies, University of Ghana, Legon,Ghana"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Adult Education and Human Resource Studies, University of Ghana, Legon,Ghana","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I138690464"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062999220","display_name":"David Addae","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9479-6991","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9479-6991"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I138690464","display_name":"University of Ghana","ror":"https://ror.org/01r22mr83","country_code":"GH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I138690464"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165390105","display_name":"University of South Africa","ror":"https://ror.org/048cwvf49","country_code":"ZA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165390105"]}],"countries":["GH","ZA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"David Addae","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Adult Education and Human Resource Studies, University of Ghana, Legon,Ghana","Department of Adult, Community and Continuing Education, University of South Africa, Pretoria, South Africa"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9479-6991","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Adult Education and Human Resource Studies, University of Ghana, Legon,Ghana","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I138690464"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Adult, Community and Continuing Education, University of South Africa, Pretoria, South Africa","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165390105"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069943131","display_name":"Olivia Adwoa Tiwaah Frimpong Kwapong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7988-5782","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7988-5782"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I138690464","display_name":"University of Ghana","ror":"https://ror.org/01r22mr83","country_code":"GH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I138690464"]}],"countries":["GH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Olivia Adwoa Tiwaa Frimpong Kwapong","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Continuing and Distance Education, University of Ghana, Legon,Ghana"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Continuing and Distance Education, University of Ghana, Legon,Ghana","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I138690464"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5062999220"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I138690464","https://openalex.org/I165390105"],"apc_list":{"value":825,"currency":"USD","value_usd":825},"apc_paid":{"value":825,"currency":"USD","value_usd":825},"fwci":5.0333,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":12,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95138491,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"8","issue":"1","first_page":"100717","last_page":"100717"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11432","display_name":"Gender Politics and Representation","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3318","display_name":"Gender Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11432","display_name":"Gender Politics and Representation","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3318","display_name":"Gender Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11047","display_name":"Gender Diversity and Inequality","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3318","display_name":"Gender Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13040","display_name":"Gender, Education, and Development Issues","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gender-parity","display_name":"gender parity","score":0.8009999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/women-legislators","display_name":"women legislators","score":0.7139999866485596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/political-empowerment","display_name":"political empowerment","score":0.871999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/empowerment-strategies","display_name":"empowerment strategies","score":0.8009999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/affirmative-action","display_name":"affirmative action","score":0.8949999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/political-party-structure","display_name":"political party structure","score":0.6579999923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/women-s-political-education","display_name":"women's political education","score":0.6470000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/politics-of-inclusion","display_name":"inclusive politics","score":0.5630000233650208}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83009810","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11204","display_name":"Legislature","level":2,"score":0.839861273765564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C20555606","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q868575","display_name":"Empowerment","level":2,"score":0.7510459423065186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781440851","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35749","display_name":"Parliament","level":3,"score":0.7192879319190979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.5985292196273804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.5590213537216187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777732099","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214244","display_name":"Affirmative action","level":2,"score":0.46515780687332153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776359362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2145286","display_name":"Representation (politics)","level":3,"score":0.4560359716415405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.42708471417427063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39549134","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133080","display_name":"Public relations","level":1,"score":0.38849660754203796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107993555","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1662673","display_name":"Gender studies","level":1,"score":0.36053743958473206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3116431","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31728","display_name":"Public administration","level":1,"score":0.3381238579750061},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.23872259259223938}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.ssaho.2023.100717","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssaho.2023.100717","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssaho.2023.100717","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210179183","display_name":"Social Sciences & Humanities Open","issn_l":"2590-2911","issn":["2590-2911"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","norway-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Social Sciences & Humanities Open","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:018a6948aaf14d4b878b8f3a93c586fc","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/018a6948aaf14d4b878b8f3a93c586fc","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Social Sciences and Humanities Open, Vol 8, Iss 1, Pp 100717- (2023)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.ssaho.2023.100717","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssaho.2023.100717","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssaho.2023.100717","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210179183","display_name":"Social Sciences & Humanities Open","issn_l":"2590-2911","issn":["2590-2911"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","norway-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Social Sciences & Humanities Open","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Gender equality","score":1.0,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/5"},{"display_name":"Reduced inequalities","score":0.9629999995231628,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10"},{"display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions","score":0.8046000003814697,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":82,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W37587433","https://openalex.org/W155060073","https://openalex.org/W234865493","https://openalex.org/W618264981","https://openalex.org/W1488133157","https://openalex.org/W1557289425","https://openalex.org/W1684809301","https://openalex.org/W1829634234","https://openalex.org/W1943351833","https://openalex.org/W1981697373","https://openalex.org/W1989180782","https://openalex.org/W1997392275","https://openalex.org/W2006479099","https://openalex.org/W2025551504","https://openalex.org/W2030122043","https://openalex.org/W2039350129","https://openalex.org/W2039433050","https://openalex.org/W2059225079","https://openalex.org/W2062995391","https://openalex.org/W2064092984","https://openalex.org/W2065338984","https://openalex.org/W2073723791","https://openalex.org/W2075405462","https://openalex.org/W2081555657","https://openalex.org/W2097487222","https://openalex.org/W2105113140","https://openalex.org/W2106618426","https://openalex.org/W2111642673","https://openalex.org/W2117701253","https://openalex.org/W2134620957","https://openalex.org/W2142826236","https://openalex.org/W2157199109","https://openalex.org/W2187993865","https://openalex.org/W2267889159","https://openalex.org/W2325070055","https://openalex.org/W2587314920","https://openalex.org/W2793032695","https://openalex.org/W2803124984","https://openalex.org/W2826782852","https://openalex.org/W2883769248","https://openalex.org/W2899340596","https://openalex.org/W2900631159","https://openalex.org/W2904530967","https://openalex.org/W2942919253","https://openalex.org/W2943891090","https://openalex.org/W2950504429","https://openalex.org/W2978399700","https://openalex.org/W2992144550","https://openalex.org/W3006308831","https://openalex.org/W3031456414","https://openalex.org/W3095215786","https://openalex.org/W3100890669","https://openalex.org/W3104288520","https://openalex.org/W3116778027","https://openalex.org/W3122082891","https://openalex.org/W3127129537","https://openalex.org/W3128365895","https://openalex.org/W3137773493","https://openalex.org/W3156331363","https://openalex.org/W3160066671","https://openalex.org/W3173592545","https://openalex.org/W3175998072","https://openalex.org/W3177824569","https://openalex.org/W3201153551","https://openalex.org/W3201238181","https://openalex.org/W3210270703","https://openalex.org/W4205893374","https://openalex.org/W4210488727","https://openalex.org/W4225944184","https://openalex.org/W4283763418","https://openalex.org/W4296127842","https://openalex.org/W4298152327","https://openalex.org/W4300186927","https://openalex.org/W4322422796","https://openalex.org/W4323980485","https://openalex.org/W4382560066","https://openalex.org/W4383905726","https://openalex.org/W4385448325","https://openalex.org/W4404190481","https://openalex.org/W4407829540","https://openalex.org/W6700821335","https://openalex.org/W7111215079"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4416337462","https://openalex.org/W6987818806","https://openalex.org/W4400652439","https://openalex.org/W2918794374","https://openalex.org/W2992263414","https://openalex.org/W7223029342","https://openalex.org/W2898404597","https://openalex.org/W2277892582","https://openalex.org/W7162037978","https://openalex.org/W3152835065"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"question":[1],"of":[2,42,62,98,101,128,160,168],"women's":[3,143],"legislative":[4,144],"underrepresentation":[5,145],"is":[6,45,65],"an":[7,49,53,170],"enduring":[8],"problem":[9],"which":[10,85],"continues":[11],"to":[12,33,51,56,74,110],"garner":[13],"considerable":[14],"scholarly":[15],"attention":[16],"all":[17],"over":[18],"the":[19,22,26,40,57,59,66,99,108,122,126,156,166],"world.":[20],"Whereas":[21],"burgeoning":[23],"literature":[24],"on":[25,31,87],"subject":[27],"has":[28],"largely":[29],"focused":[30],"impediments":[32],"gender":[34,117],"parity":[35,118],"in":[36,38,78,81,119,121,141,146],"representation":[37,77,120],"parliament,":[39],"interest":[41],"this":[43,63,82],"paper":[44,64,83],"somewhat":[46],"different.":[47],"In":[48],"effort":[50],"make":[52],"original":[54],"contribution":[55],"discourse,":[58],"starting":[60],"point":[61],"argument":[67],"that":[68],"women":[69,103,164],"can":[70],"be":[71],"politically":[72],"empowered":[73],"achieve":[75],"greater":[76,116],"parliament.":[79],"Consequently,":[80],"\u2013":[84,93],"draws":[86],"empowerment":[88,112],"theory":[89],"as":[90],"theoretical":[91],"lens":[92],"we":[94],"present":[95],"a":[96],"snapshot":[97],"views":[100],"22":[102],"parliamentarians":[104],"from":[105],"Ghana,":[106],"with":[107],"aim":[109],"exploring":[111],"strategies":[113],"for":[114,155,165],"attaining":[115],"legislature.":[123],"They":[124],"emphasize":[125],"importance":[127],"affirmative":[129],"action":[130],"policies,":[131],"funding,":[132],"inclusive":[133,171],"political":[134,172],"party":[135],"structures,":[136],"education,":[137],"and":[138,158],"societal":[139],"re-socialisation":[140],"addressing":[142],"Ghana.":[147],"These":[148],"findings":[149],"may":[150],"have":[151],"some":[152],"important":[153],"implications":[154],"nature":[157],"scope":[159],"interventions":[161],"targeted":[162],"at":[163],"purpose":[167],"promoting":[169],"environment.":[173]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-10-16T09:59:22.235173","created_date":"2023-10-19T00:00:00"}