{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4387749461","doi":"https://doi.org/10.14309/01.ajg.0000960532.55195.fd","title":"S2723 Darkness at the End of the Tunnel: A Case of Black Esophagus Complicated by Perforation","display_name":"S2723 Darkness at the End of the Tunnel: A Case of Black Esophagus Complicated by Perforation","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4387749461","doi":"https://doi.org/10.14309/01.ajg.0000960532.55195.fd"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.14309/01.ajg.0000960532.55195.fd","doi":"https://doi.org/10.14309/01.ajg.0000960532.55195.fd","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.14309/01.ajg.0000960532.55195.fd","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S66441642","display_name":"The American Journal of Gastroenterology","issn_l":"0002-9270","issn":["0002-9270","1572-0241"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315671","host_organization_name":"Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315671","https://openalex.org/P4310318547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","Wolters Kluwer"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"American Journal of Gastroenterology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"conference-abstract","is_traditional":false,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088035248","display_name":"Joanne C. Lin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5551-2263","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5551-2263"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Joanne Lin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Presenter"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Presenter","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Ernesto Rodriguez","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I180670191","display_name":"University of California, San Francisco","ror":"https://ror.org/043mz5j54","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I180670191"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ernesto Rodriguez","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of California, San Francisco Fresno, Fresno, CA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California, San Francisco Fresno, Fresno, CA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180670191"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025979090","display_name":"Victoria Green","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9144-6969","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9144-6969"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I180670191","display_name":"University of California, San Francisco","ror":"https://ror.org/043mz5j54","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I180670191"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Victoria Green","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of California, San Francisco Fresno, Fresno, CA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California, San Francisco Fresno, Fresno, CA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180670191"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031856875","display_name":"Saranya Sasidharan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6175-1305","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6175-1305"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I180670191","display_name":"University of California, San Francisco","ror":"https://ror.org/043mz5j54","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I180670191"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Saranya Sasidharan","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of California, San Francisco Fresno, Fresno, CA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California, San Francisco Fresno, Fresno, CA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180670191"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108237155","display_name":"Pravachan V.C. Hegde","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I180670191","display_name":"University of California, San Francisco","ror":"https://ror.org/043mz5j54","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I180670191"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pravachan Hegde","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of California, San Francisco Fresno, Fresno, CA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California, San Francisco Fresno, Fresno, CA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180670191"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110299296","display_name":"Devang N. Prajapati","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I180670191","display_name":"University of California, San Francisco","ror":"https://ror.org/043mz5j54","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I180670191"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Devang Prajapati","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of California, San Francisco Fresno, Fresno, CA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California, San Francisco Fresno, Fresno, CA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180670191"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5088035248"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":4390,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4390},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"118","issue":"10S","first_page":"S1861","last_page":"S1862"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11658","display_name":"Esophageal and GI Pathology","score":0.9603999853134155,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2746","display_name":"Surgery"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11658","display_name":"Esophageal and GI Pathology","score":0.9603999853134155,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2746","display_name":"Surgery"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12876","display_name":"Potassium and Related Disorders","score":0.01720000058412552,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2727","display_name":"Nephrology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11910","display_name":"Foreign Body Medical Cases","score":0.003000000026077032,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2733","display_name":"Otorhinolaryngology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acute-esophageal-necrosis","display_name":"acute esophageal necrosis","score":0.9810000061988831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/black-esophagus","display_name":"black esophagus","score":0.996999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/esophageal-perforation","display_name":"esophageal perforation","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diabetic-ketoacidosis","display_name":"diabetic ketoacidosis","score":0.9879999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/type-1-diabetes","display_name":"type 1 diabetes","score":0.8830000162124634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/esophageal-stenting","display_name":"esophageal stenting","score":0.7990000247955322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/septic-shock","display_name":"septic shock","score":0.7770000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hydropneumothorax","display_name":"hydropneumothorax","score":0.875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pleural-effusion","display_name":"pleural effusion","score":0.753000020980835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/barium-swallow","display_name":"barium swallow","score":0.5090000033378601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lung-decortication","display_name":"lung decortication","score":0.8450000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dysphagia","display_name":"dysphagia","score":0.7900000214576721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/esophageal-stricture","display_name":"esophageal stricture","score":0.5870000123977661}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.9627680778503418},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141071460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40821","display_name":"Surgery","level":1,"score":0.6086442470550537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777819096","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173710","display_name":"Esophagus","level":2,"score":0.5840448141098022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778456384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1508510","display_name":"Perforation","level":3,"score":0.5300189256668091},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779054139","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5955350","display_name":"Hydropneumothorax","level":3,"score":0.5084454417228699},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780852908","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q127076","display_name":"Vomiting","level":2,"score":0.4114939570426941},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778329176","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q203601","display_name":"Pneumothorax","level":2,"score":0.33786246180534363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778527123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11750728","display_name":"Punching","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191897082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11467","display_name":"Metallurgy","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.14309/01.ajg.0000960532.55195.fd","doi":"https://doi.org/10.14309/01.ajg.0000960532.55195.fd","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.14309/01.ajg.0000960532.55195.fd","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S66441642","display_name":"The American Journal of Gastroenterology","issn_l":"0002-9270","issn":["0002-9270","1572-0241"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315671","host_organization_name":"Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315671","https://openalex.org/P4310318547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","Wolters Kluwer"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"American Journal of Gastroenterology","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":1.0}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3094380239","https://openalex.org/W4387751956","https://openalex.org/W3210115243","https://openalex.org/W3018000583","https://openalex.org/W3209218588","https://openalex.org/W4387734756","https://openalex.org/W4387734440","https://openalex.org/W4416030631","https://openalex.org/W4417161421","https://openalex.org/W4389761828"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Introduction:":[0],"Acute":[1],"esophageal":[2,8,124,158,194,280],"necrosis":[3],"(AEN)":[4],"is":[5,31,260],"a":[6,40,64,110,167,261,291],"rare":[7,54,262],"injury":[9],"commonly":[10],"referred":[11],"to":[12,17,36,86,133,162,173,341],"as":[13,166,271,294,296],"\u201cblack":[14],"esophagus\u201d":[15],"due":[16],"the":[18,46,53,130,134,180,333,356],"endoscopic":[19],"findings":[20],"of":[21,29,42,48,56,66,77,179,305,335,345,355],"diffuse,":[22],"circumferential":[23,176,352],"dark":[24],"mucosal":[25],"pigmentation.":[26],"The":[27],"prevalence":[28],"AEN":[30,259,321],"very":[32],"low":[33],"at":[34],"0.01%":[35],"0.28%.":[37],"We":[38],"report":[39],"case":[41,318],"black":[43,177,189,353,365],"esophagus":[44,181,357],"in":[45,88,301,332],"setting":[47,334],"diabetic":[49],"ketoacidosis":[50],"(DKA)":[51],"with":[52,63,74,113,126,182,188,202,248,290,328,358,364],"complication":[55],"perforation.":[57],"Case":[58],"Description/Methods:":[59],"A":[60,235],"40-year-old":[61],"man":[62],"history":[65],"type":[67],"1":[68],"diabetes,":[69],"hypertension,":[70],"and":[71,83,116,140,149,151,171,185,198,206,217,222,251,274,288,343,361],"hypothyroidism":[72],"presented":[73],"3":[75],"days":[76],"dysphagia,":[78],"hiccups,":[79],"abdominal":[80],"pain,":[81],"bloating,":[82],"was":[84,196,200,210,237],"found":[85],"be":[87,308,323],"DKA.":[89,336],"He":[90,242],"denied":[91],"nausea,":[92],"vomiting,":[93],"coughing,":[94],"caustic":[95],"ingestion,":[96],"alcohol,":[97],"or":[98,282,286,311],"recreational":[99],"drug":[100],"use.":[101],"His":[102,208],"initial":[103],"vitals":[104],"were":[105,147,154,220,224],"stable.":[106],"Physical":[107],"exam":[108],"revealed":[109,157],"distended":[111],"abdomen":[112],"diffuse":[114],"tenderness":[115],"bilateral":[117],"diminished":[118],"breath":[119],"sounds.":[120],"CT":[121],"chest":[122,145],"showed":[123,231],"perforation":[125,159,170,281],"contrast":[127,233],"extravasation":[128],"along":[129],"right":[131,141,245],"lower":[132],"mid":[135],"esophagus,":[136],"large":[137],"left":[138,255],"hydropneumothorax,":[139],"pleural":[142,218],"effusion.":[143],"Bilateral":[144],"tubes":[146],"placed,":[148],"bronchoscopy":[150],"esophagogastroduodenoscopy":[152],"(EGD)":[153],"performed.":[155],"EGD":[156,350],"from":[160],"27":[161],"39":[163],"cm,":[164],"starting":[165],"partial":[168],"thickness":[169],"advancing":[172],"full":[174],"thickness,":[175],"discoloration":[178,354],"friable":[183,359],"tissue,":[184],"semilunar":[186,362],"ulceration":[187,363],"eschar":[190,366],"(Figure":[191],"1).":[192],"An":[193,227],"stent":[195],"placed":[197,238],"he":[199],"treated":[201],"broad-spectrum":[203],"antibiotics,":[204],"fluconazole,":[205],"pantoprazole.":[207],"course":[209],"complicated":[211],"by":[212],"septic":[213],"shock.":[214],"Cultures":[215],"(blood":[216],"fluid)":[219],"negative":[221],"vasopressors":[223],"eventually":[225],"weaned.":[226],"esophagram":[228],"after":[229],"stenting":[230],"no":[232],"leak.":[234],"jejunostomy":[236],"for":[239,368],"long-term":[240],"feeding.":[241],"also":[243],"received":[244],"lung":[246,256],"decortication":[247],"intrapleural":[249],"pneumolysis":[250],"remained":[252],"hospitalized":[253],"pending":[254],"decortication.":[257],"Discussion:":[258],"clinicopathological":[263],"entity,":[264],"often":[265],"arising":[266],"during":[267],"vulnerable":[268],"states":[269],"such":[270],"sepsis,":[272],"DKA,":[273],"alcohol":[275],"intoxication.":[276],"Rare":[277],"complications":[278],"include":[279],"strictures,":[283],"mediastinal":[284],"infection":[285],"abscess,":[287],"death":[289],"mortality":[292,347],"rate":[293],"high":[295,346],"32%.":[297],"Perforation,":[298],"which":[299],"occurs":[300],"only":[302],"about":[303],"5%":[304],"cases,":[306],"can":[307,339],"managed":[309],"endoscopically":[310],"surgically":[312],"if":[313],"detected":[314],"early":[315],"on.":[316],"This":[317],"emphasizes":[319],"that":[320],"should":[322],"considered":[324],"when":[325],"patients":[326],"present":[327],"nonspecific":[329],"gastrointestinal":[330],"symptoms":[331],"Early":[337],"diagnosis":[338],"lead":[340],"treatment":[342],"prevention":[344],"complications.Figure":[348],"1.:":[349],"showing":[351],"tissue":[360],"concerning":[367],"AEN.":[369]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-09-29T14:09:16.559479","created_date":"2023-10-19T00:00:00"}