{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4387744916","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/toxics11100866","title":"Mechanisms of Organophosphate Toxicity and the Role of Acetylcholinesterase Inhibition","display_name":"Mechanisms of Organophosphate Toxicity and the Role of Acetylcholinesterase Inhibition","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-10-18","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4387744916","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/toxics11100866","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37888716","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/10611379"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/toxics11100866","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/toxics11100866","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/toxics11100866","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2305-6304/11/10/866/pdf?version=1697609847","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2738661068","display_name":"Toxics","issn_l":"2305-6304","issn":["2305-6304"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Toxics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"review","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2305-6304/11/10/866/pdf?version=1697609847","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007014193","display_name":"Vassiliki Aroniadou\u2010Anderjaska","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0926-6019","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0926-6019"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148314036","display_name":"Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/04r3kq386","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I148314036"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Vassiliki Aroniadou-Anderjaska","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Anatomy, Physiology, and Genetics, F. Edward H\u00e9bert School of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA","Department of Psychiatry, F. Edward H\u00e9bert School of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Anatomy, Physiology, and Genetics, F. Edward H\u00e9bert School of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148314036"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychiatry, F. Edward H\u00e9bert School of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148314036"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088339087","display_name":"Ta\u00edza H. Figueiredo","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148314036","display_name":"Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/04r3kq386","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I148314036"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Taiza H. Figueiredo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Anatomy, Physiology, and Genetics, F. Edward H\u00e9bert School of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Anatomy, Physiology, and Genetics, F. Edward H\u00e9bert School of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148314036"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077112837","display_name":"Marcio de Araujo Furtado","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148314036","display_name":"Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/04r3kq386","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I148314036"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marcio de Araujo Furtado","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Anatomy, Physiology, and Genetics, F. Edward H\u00e9bert School of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Anatomy, Physiology, and Genetics, F. Edward H\u00e9bert School of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148314036"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112467790","display_name":"Volodymyr I. Pidoplichko","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148314036","display_name":"Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/04r3kq386","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I148314036"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Volodymyr I. Pidoplichko","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Anatomy, Physiology, and Genetics, F. Edward H\u00e9bert School of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Anatomy, Physiology, and Genetics, F. Edward H\u00e9bert School of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148314036"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010073717","display_name":"Maria F. M. Braga","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0360-0354","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0360-0354"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148314036","display_name":"Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/04r3kq386","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I148314036"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Maria F. M. Braga","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Anatomy, Physiology, and Genetics, F. Edward H\u00e9bert School of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA","Department of Psychiatry, F. Edward H\u00e9bert School of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Anatomy, Physiology, and Genetics, F. Edward H\u00e9bert School of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148314036"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychiatry, F. Edward H\u00e9bert School of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148314036"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5010073717"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148314036"],"apc_list":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2224},"apc_paid":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2224},"fwci":7.9222,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":210,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99778761,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"11","issue":"10","first_page":"866","last_page":"866"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10875","display_name":"Pesticide Exposure and Toxicity","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3005","display_name":"Toxicology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/30","display_name":"Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10875","display_name":"Pesticide Exposure and Toxicity","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3005","display_name":"Toxicology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/30","display_name":"Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12023","display_name":"Cholinesterase and Neurodegenerative Diseases","score":0.0017999999690800905,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2736","display_name":"Pharmacology (medical)"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10094","display_name":"Epilepsy research and treatment","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2728","display_name":"Clinical Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/organophosphate-poisoning","display_name":"organophosphate poisoning","score":0.9729999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acetylcholinesterase-inhibition","display_name":"acetylcholinesterase inhibition","score":0.9890000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nerve-agents","display_name":"nerve agents","score":0.7409999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/status-epilepticus","display_name":"status epilepticus","score":0.7919999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cholinergic-crisis","display_name":"cholinergic crisis","score":0.902999997138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/respiratory-failure","display_name":"respiratory failure","score":0.671999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/amygdala","display_name":"amygdala","score":0.9229999780654907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/muscarinic-m1-receptor","display_name":"M1 muscarinic receptor","score":0.984000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/excitotoxicity","display_name":"excitotoxicity","score":0.9539999961853027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/calcium-overload","display_name":"calcium overload","score":0.9179999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oxidative-stress","display_name":"oxidative stress","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neuroinflammation","display_name":"neuroinflammation","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chronic-low-dose-exposure","display_name":"chronic low-dose exposure","score":0.8270000219345093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/brain-damage","display_name":"brain damage","score":0.5680000185966492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cholinergic-synapses","display_name":"cholinergic synapses","score":0.7279999852180481}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778816929","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q22676679","display_name":"Acetylcholinesterase","level":3,"score":0.8282926082611084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781012912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901117","display_name":"Excitotoxicity","level":4,"score":0.6789824962615967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776151105","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q898814","display_name":"Oxidative stress","level":2,"score":0.6368693709373474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98274493","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128406","display_name":"Pharmacology","level":1,"score":0.6062179803848267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777341932","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q980709","display_name":"Status epilepticus","level":3,"score":0.5846021175384521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775910092","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180623","display_name":"Acetylcholine","level":2,"score":0.5581945776939392},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22885893","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4862743","display_name":"Cholinergic","level":2,"score":0.5294750928878784},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.5252960324287415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776588719","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q411097","display_name":"Organophosphate","level":3,"score":0.5226157307624817},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87753298","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17157137","display_name":"Neuroinflammation","level":3,"score":0.5058486461639404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33789571","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q410959","display_name":"Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor","level":3,"score":0.4648508131504059},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29730261","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q274160","display_name":"Toxicity","level":2,"score":0.4172281324863434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.2777819037437439},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.21793219447135925},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776914184","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101991","display_name":"Inflammation","level":2,"score":0.21591481566429138},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170493617","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208467","display_name":"Receptor","level":2,"score":0.20267072319984436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.19858896732330322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.16629505157470703},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778186239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41571","display_name":"Epilepsy","level":2,"score":0.15428316593170166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61174792","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420510","display_name":"Glutamate receptor","level":3,"score":0.1489047110080719},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.12178957462310791},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161176658","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131656","display_name":"Pesticide","level":2,"score":0.06523877382278442},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6557445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173113","display_name":"Agronomy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C181199279","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8047","display_name":"Enzyme","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/toxics11100866","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/toxics11100866","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/toxics11100866","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2305-6304/11/10/866/pdf?version=1697609847","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2738661068","display_name":"Toxics","issn_l":"2305-6304","issn":["2305-6304"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Toxics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:10611379","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/10611379","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10611379/pdf/toxics-11-00866.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Toxics","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:37888716","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37888716","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Toxics","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:5f6ffc363ffe450ba4f77299e6cccc7d","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/5f6ffc363ffe450ba4f77299e6cccc7d","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Toxics, Vol 11, Iss 10, p 866 (2023)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/toxics11100866","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/toxics11100866","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/toxics11100866","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2305-6304/11/10/866/pdf?version=1697609847","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2738661068","display_name":"Toxics","issn_l":"2305-6304","issn":["2305-6304"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Toxics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.9537000060081482,"display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4651582285","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"U01-UNS102135A and 1U01NS123252-01","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337359","funder_display_name":"National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7592547035","display_name":"Antiglutamatergic Therapy to Protect the Immature Brain Against Nerve Agents","funder_award_id":"U01NS102135","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337359","funder_display_name":"National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G9000919534","display_name":"Antiglutamatergic Therapy to Protect the Brain Against Nerve Agents","funder_award_id":"U01NS123252","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337359","funder_display_name":"National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","display_name":"National Institutes of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332504","display_name":"Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/04r3kq386"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337359","display_name":"National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke","ror":"https://ror.org/01s5ya894"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4387744916.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4387744916.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":110,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W15150851","https://openalex.org/W175747868","https://openalex.org/W223894680","https://openalex.org/W345147974","https://openalex.org/W1489003835","https://openalex.org/W1502258650","https://openalex.org/W1526621317","https://openalex.org/W1541490300","https://openalex.org/W1591680113","https://openalex.org/W1835974446","https://openalex.org/W1852734091","https://openalex.org/W1968509158","https://openalex.org/W1986607212","https://openalex.org/W1987598842","https://openalex.org/W1987780398","https://openalex.org/W1991406095","https://openalex.org/W1994308963","https://openalex.org/W2000673864","https://openalex.org/W2009420607","https://openalex.org/W2010235460","https://openalex.org/W2011101653","https://openalex.org/W2014459302","https://openalex.org/W2018424479","https://openalex.org/W2022981588","https://openalex.org/W2025364237","https://openalex.org/W2026183163","https://openalex.org/W2026759900","https://openalex.org/W2028088473","https://openalex.org/W2028131117","https://openalex.org/W2028986241","https://openalex.org/W2029698277","https://openalex.org/W2035946761","https://openalex.org/W2041244640","https://openalex.org/W2047944973","https://openalex.org/W2060826054","https://openalex.org/W2061475648","https://openalex.org/W2062699083","https://openalex.org/W2065808106","https://openalex.org/W2065893360","https://openalex.org/W2066744759","https://openalex.org/W2067715785","https://openalex.org/W2069832212","https://openalex.org/W2071644440","https://openalex.org/W2072988210","https://openalex.org/W2074605068","https://openalex.org/W2083180327","https://openalex.org/W2084912505","https://openalex.org/W2085246606","https://openalex.org/W2094459058","https://openalex.org/W2105645010","https://openalex.org/W2106144702","https://openalex.org/W2106628227","https://openalex.org/W2112357770","https://openalex.org/W2112872187","https://openalex.org/W2119480650","https://openalex.org/W2128463839","https://openalex.org/W2131387907","https://openalex.org/W2131899505","https://openalex.org/W2133235687","https://openalex.org/W2142191035","https://openalex.org/W2144467901","https://openalex.org/W2146733757","https://openalex.org/W2146768507","https://openalex.org/W2151136069","https://openalex.org/W2158443724","https://openalex.org/W2166189502","https://openalex.org/W2233696673","https://openalex.org/W2283674586","https://openalex.org/W2310052684","https://openalex.org/W2312883610","https://openalex.org/W2327681615","https://openalex.org/W2401220166","https://openalex.org/W2427261560","https://openalex.org/W2471580427","https://openalex.org/W2541417966","https://openalex.org/W2595255872","https://openalex.org/W2735609145","https://openalex.org/W2756067268","https://openalex.org/W2802539723","https://openalex.org/W2807216358","https://openalex.org/W2889108108","https://openalex.org/W2906211378","https://openalex.org/W2918050463","https://openalex.org/W2918069149","https://openalex.org/W2921673424","https://openalex.org/W2927209850","https://openalex.org/W2940196652","https://openalex.org/W2965598195","https://openalex.org/W2971539721","https://openalex.org/W2999004438","https://openalex.org/W3022689963","https://openalex.org/W3083184401","https://openalex.org/W3093538434","https://openalex.org/W3158041746","https://openalex.org/W3158369676","https://openalex.org/W3161292217","https://openalex.org/W3165015881","https://openalex.org/W4220660369","https://openalex.org/W4220757284","https://openalex.org/W4220904878","https://openalex.org/W4229369604","https://openalex.org/W4281572402","https://openalex.org/W4287219819","https://openalex.org/W4290428566","https://openalex.org/W4303699258","https://openalex.org/W4308292991","https://openalex.org/W4375866846","https://openalex.org/W4380200120","https://openalex.org/W4384030753","https://openalex.org/W4386948175"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3158369676","https://openalex.org/W4292999003","https://openalex.org/W1694637056","https://openalex.org/W7060964856","https://openalex.org/W7020796220","https://openalex.org/W2888522738","https://openalex.org/W4308292991","https://openalex.org/W1968509158","https://openalex.org/W1993679338","https://openalex.org/W2803124371"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Organophosphorus":[0],"compounds":[1],"(OPs)":[2],"have":[3],"applications":[4],"in":[5,56,108,117],"agriculture":[6],"(e.g.,":[7,10],"pesticides),":[8],"industry":[9],"flame":[11],"retardants),":[12],"and":[13,64,100,133,151,189],"chemical":[14],"warfare":[15],"(nerve":[16],"agents).":[17],"In":[18,47],"high":[19],"doses":[20],"or":[21,28],"chronic":[22,139,183],"exposure,":[23,50],"they":[24],"can":[25,71,96],"be":[26,192],"toxic":[27,40],"lethal.":[29],"The":[30,158],"primary":[31],"mechanism,":[32],"common":[33],"among":[34],"all":[35],"OPs,":[36],"that":[37,163],"initiates":[38],"their":[39],"effects":[41],"is":[42,77,170],"the":[43,51,90,103,106,111,118,123,177],"inhibition":[44],"of":[45,54,69,105,113,121,174,187],"acetylcholinesterase.":[46],"acute":[48,167],"OP":[49,168],"subsequent":[52],"surge":[53],"acetylcholine":[55,95],"cholinergic":[57,62],"synapses":[58],"causes":[59],"a":[60,171],"peripheral":[61],"crisis":[63],"status":[65],"epilepticus":[66],"(SE),":[67],"either":[68],"which":[70,93,145],"lead":[72],"to":[73,137],"death.":[74],"If":[75],"death":[76],"averted":[78],"without":[79],"effective":[80],"seizure":[81,109],"control,":[82],"long-term":[83],"brain":[84,164],"damage":[85,165],"ensues.":[86],"This":[87],"review":[88],"describes":[89],"mechanisms":[91,135,179],"by":[92,127,181],"elevated":[94],"cause":[97],"respiratory":[98],"failure":[99],"trigger":[101],"SE;":[102,122],"role":[104,112],"amygdala":[107],"initiation;":[110],"M1":[114],"muscarinic":[115],"receptors":[116],"early":[119],"stages":[120],"neurotoxic":[124,134,178],"pathways":[125],"activated":[126,180],"SE":[128,150,188],"(excitotoxicity/Ca++":[129],"overload/oxidative":[130],"stress,":[131,143],"neuroinflammation);":[132],"linked":[136],"low-dose,":[138],"exposure":[140,169,184],"(Ca++":[141],"dyshomeostasis/oxidative":[142],"inflammation),":[144],"do":[146,152],"not":[147,153,191],"depend":[148],"on":[149],"necessarily":[154],"involve":[155],"acetylcholinesterase":[156,195],"inhibition.":[157,196],"evidence":[159],"so":[160],"far":[161],"indicates":[162],"from":[166],"direct":[172],"result":[173],"SE,":[175],"while":[176],"low-dose":[182],"are":[185],"independent":[186],"may":[190],"associated":[193],"with":[194]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":111},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":78},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":21}],"updated_date":"2026-11-10T11:39:43.021295","created_date":"2023-10-19T00:00:00"}
