{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4387742435","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/twec.13515","title":"Regulatory convergence within technical barriers to trade","display_name":"Regulatory convergence within technical barriers to trade","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-10-18","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4387742435","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/twec.13515"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1111/twec.13515","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/twec.13515","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/twec.13515","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1111/twec.13515","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S45372229","display_name":"World Economy","issn_l":"0378-5920","issn":["0378-5920","1467-9701"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The World Economy","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1111/twec.13515","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003924187","display_name":"Mahdi Ghodsi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0991-7873","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0991-7873"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210148578","display_name":"Vienna Institute for International Economic Studies","ror":"https://ror.org/04mybzy26","country_code":"AT","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210148578"]}],"countries":["AT"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Mahdi Ghodsi","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Vienna Institute for International Economic Studies \u2013 wiiw  Vienna Austria"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0991-7873","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Vienna Institute for International Economic Studies \u2013 wiiw  Vienna Austria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210148578"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5003924187"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210148578"],"apc_list":{"value":3240,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3240},"apc_paid":{"value":3240,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3240},"fwci":3.963,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":10,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93939143,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"47","issue":"5","first_page":"1870","last_page":"1915"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10128","display_name":"Global trade and economics","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2000","display_name":"General Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10128","display_name":"Global trade and economics","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2000","display_name":"General Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12156","display_name":"World Trade Organization Law","score":0.0005000000237487257,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11552","display_name":"Global trade, sustainability, and social impact","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1408","display_name":"Strategy and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/technical-barriers-to-trade","display_name":"technical barriers to trade","score":0.9679999947547913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/regulatory-convergence","display_name":"regulatory convergence","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-and-communication-technologies","display_name":"information and communication technologies","score":0.9190000295639038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/import-value","display_name":"import value","score":0.5830000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/import-volume","display_name":"import quantity","score":0.9559999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/unit-value","display_name":"unit value","score":0.4320000112056732},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gravity-model","display_name":"gravity model","score":0.6579999923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bilateral-trade","display_name":"bilateral trade","score":0.5820000171661377}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778031670","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7692323","display_name":"Technical barriers to trade","level":3,"score":0.747834324836731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155202549","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178803","display_name":"International trade","level":1,"score":0.599111795425415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777303404","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759757","display_name":"Convergence (economics)","level":2,"score":0.5309481024742126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90673727","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901718","display_name":"Product (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.5122646689414978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.48665934801101685},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18547055","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47417","display_name":"International economics","level":1,"score":0.4560823440551758},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182769425","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q377302","display_name":"Trade barrier","level":2,"score":0.32355669140815735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.16987565159797668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1111/twec.13515","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/twec.13515","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/twec.13515","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1111/twec.13515","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S45372229","display_name":"World Economy","issn_l":"0378-5920","issn":["0378-5920","1467-9701"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The World Economy","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:wii:wpaper:229","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://wiiw.ac.at/regulatory-convergence-within-technical-barriers-to-trade-dlp-6630.pdf","pdf_url":"https://wiiw.ac.at/regulatory-convergence-within-technical-barriers-to-trade-dlp-6630.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"preprint"},{"id":"pmh:oai:econstor.eu:10419/278637","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10419/278637","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401696","display_name":"Econstor (Econstor)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"doc-type:workingPaper"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1111/twec.13515","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/twec.13515","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/twec.13515","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1111/twec.13515","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S45372229","display_name":"World Economy","issn_l":"0378-5920","issn":["0378-5920","1467-9701"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The World Economy","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","score":0.7207000255584717}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","display_name":"Reduced inequalities","score":0.550000011920929}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4703517261","display_name":"The production side of ?digitalisation? and its impacts","funder_award_id":"18128","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322325","funder_display_name":"Oesterreichische Nationalbank"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322325","display_name":"Oesterreichische Nationalbank","ror":"https://ror.org/00nkcmy90"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4387742435.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4387742435.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":52,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1496466381","https://openalex.org/W1508610842","https://openalex.org/W1681545227","https://openalex.org/W1908949338","https://openalex.org/W1964909633","https://openalex.org/W1981310049","https://openalex.org/W2000494508","https://openalex.org/W2039161094","https://openalex.org/W2074200063","https://openalex.org/W2100130392","https://openalex.org/W2109063066","https://openalex.org/W2112745077","https://openalex.org/W2115351859","https://openalex.org/W2115975507","https://openalex.org/W2133852399","https://openalex.org/W2135934128","https://openalex.org/W2151350286","https://openalex.org/W2158291621","https://openalex.org/W2163362767","https://openalex.org/W2167397427","https://openalex.org/W2180349296","https://openalex.org/W2253339017","https://openalex.org/W2260845378","https://openalex.org/W2289025742","https://openalex.org/W2547807458","https://openalex.org/W2591164621","https://openalex.org/W2591636887","https://openalex.org/W2613414672","https://openalex.org/W2648321744","https://openalex.org/W2744528648","https://openalex.org/W2769309480","https://openalex.org/W2781800945","https://openalex.org/W2783506577","https://openalex.org/W2902214241","https://openalex.org/W2904235736","https://openalex.org/W2927298185","https://openalex.org/W2952639956","https://openalex.org/W3005388134","https://openalex.org/W3014036974","https://openalex.org/W3020373968","https://openalex.org/W3085426910","https://openalex.org/W3113085524","https://openalex.org/W3123472774","https://openalex.org/W3139185800","https://openalex.org/W3196185639","https://openalex.org/W3204374260","https://openalex.org/W3207992289","https://openalex.org/W4200221359","https://openalex.org/W4206175067","https://openalex.org/W4237421318","https://openalex.org/W4238389367","https://openalex.org/W4388520443"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4393268680","https://openalex.org/W6960006492","https://openalex.org/W748819535","https://openalex.org/W3010387287","https://openalex.org/W2158998430","https://openalex.org/W2384569772","https://openalex.org/W2141464668","https://openalex.org/W2126297727","https://openalex.org/W3176963727","https://openalex.org/W7076000372"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"This":[1],"paper":[2],"analyses":[3],"how":[4],"regulatory":[5,60,146,171],"convergence":[6,147,172],"in":[7,21,44,87,125,148,159,163,176],"different":[8],"categories":[9,150,179],"of":[10,19,35,58,65,93,136],"technical":[11],"barriers":[12],"to":[13,49,99,121],"trade":[14],"(TBTs)":[15],"imposed":[16,107],"on":[17,72,109,114],"imports":[18],"goods":[20,37],"information":[22],"and":[23,32,76,113,183,194,196],"communications":[24],"technology":[25],"(ICT)":[26],"globally":[27],"affected":[28],"the":[29,39,50,59,63,88,91,134,186],"values,":[30],"volumes":[31],"unit":[33],"values":[34,182],"imported":[36],"during":[38],"period":[40],"1996\u20132019.":[41],"Keywords":[42],"cited":[43],"TBTs":[45,70,94,101,124],"that":[46,105,140,156,170],"are":[47,102,106,131],"notified":[48],"World":[51],"Trade":[52],"Organisation":[53],"(WTO)":[54],"give":[55],"an":[56],"indication":[57],"objectives":[61,92,193],"behind":[62],"imposition":[64],"TBTs.":[66],"MAST":[67],"also":[68,82],"classifies":[69],"based":[71],"their":[73],"applicability,":[74],"procedural":[75],"administrative":[77],"uses,":[78],"factors":[79],"which":[80],"will":[81],"be":[83],"taken":[84],"into":[85],"consideration":[86],"analysis.":[89],"However,":[90,145,185],"may":[95],"provide":[96],"better":[97],"insights":[98],"policymakers.":[100],"non\u2010discriminatory":[103],"measures":[104],"unilaterally":[108],"all":[110],"trading":[111,174],"partners":[112,175],"domestic":[115],"producers.":[116],"It":[117],"is":[118,151,157,188],"not":[119],"feasible":[120],"analyse":[122],"unilateral":[123],"a":[126,152,160],"gravity":[127,161],"setting,":[128],"as":[129],"they":[130],"excluded":[132],"by":[133],"introduction":[135],"country\u2010product\u2010time":[137],"fixed":[138],"effects":[139],"control":[141],"for":[142],"multilateral":[143],"resistances.":[144],"TBT":[149,178,192],"bilateral":[153],"time\u2010varying":[154],"variable":[155],"analysed":[158],"model":[162],"this":[164],"paper.":[165],"The":[166],"empirical":[167],"results":[168],"suggest":[169],"between":[173],"some":[177],"stimulates":[180],"import":[181],"volumes.":[184],"impact":[187],"very":[189],"heterogeneous":[190],"across":[191,197],"classes":[195],"ICT":[198],"product":[199],"categories.":[200]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-16T09:59:22.235173","created_date":"2023-10-19T00:00:00"}