{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4387673209","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su152014925","title":"Managing Competences of Generation Y and Z in the Opinion of the Employees in the Modern Business Services Sector in Poland in the Post-Pandemic Period","display_name":"Managing Competences of Generation Y and Z in the Opinion of the Employees in the Modern Business Services Sector in Poland in the Post-Pandemic Period","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-10-16","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4387673209","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su152014925"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/su152014925","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su152014925","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su152014925","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/15/20/14925/pdf?version=1697457856","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10134376","display_name":"Sustainability","issn_l":"2071-1050","issn":["2071-1050"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sustainability","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/15/20/14925/pdf?version=1697457856","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006775324","display_name":"Aleksandra Kuzior","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9764-5320","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9764-5320"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I119004910","display_name":"Silesian University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02dyjk442","country_code":"PL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I119004910"]}],"countries":["PL"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Aleksandra Kuzior","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Applied Social Sciences, Faculty of Organization and Management, Silesian University of Technology, Roosevelt\u2019s Str. 26-28, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9764-5320","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Applied Social Sciences, Faculty of Organization and Management, Silesian University of Technology, Roosevelt\u2019s Str. 26-28, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I119004910"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001798075","display_name":"Bartosz Sobotka","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0393-3645","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0393-3645"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210147865","display_name":"Syntea","ror":"https://ror.org/04vvy0t36","country_code":"PL","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210147865"]}],"countries":["PL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bartosz Sobotka","raw_affiliation_strings":["Syntea SA, Wojciechowska Str. 9a, 20-704 Lublin, Poland"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0393-3645","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Syntea SA, Wojciechowska Str. 9a, 20-704 Lublin, Poland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210147865"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072496837","display_name":"Katarzyna Anna Postrzednik-Lotko","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8703-3344","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8703-3344"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I119004910","display_name":"Silesian University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02dyjk442","country_code":"PL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I119004910"]}],"countries":["PL"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Katarzyna Anna Postrzednik-Lotko","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Applied Social Sciences, Faculty of Organization and Management, Silesian University of Technology, Roosevelt\u2019s Str. 26-28, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8703-3344","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Applied Social Sciences, Faculty of Organization and Management, Silesian University of Technology, Roosevelt\u2019s Str. 26-28, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I119004910"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074969189","display_name":"Brygida Smo\u0142ka-Franke","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0741-0267","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0741-0267"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I119004910","display_name":"Silesian University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02dyjk442","country_code":"PL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I119004910"]}],"countries":["PL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Brygida Smo\u0142ka-Franke","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Applied Social Sciences, Faculty of Organization and Management, Silesian University of Technology, Roosevelt\u2019s Str. 26-28, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0741-0267","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Applied Social Sciences, Faculty of Organization and Management, Silesian University of Technology, Roosevelt\u2019s Str. 26-28, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I119004910"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5006775324","https://openalex.org/A5072496837"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I119004910"],"apc_list":{"value":2200,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2447},"apc_paid":{"value":2200,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2447},"fwci":5.2689,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":8,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96380558,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"15","issue":"20","first_page":"14925","last_page":"14925"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14088","display_name":"Generational Differences and Trends","score":0.6820999979972839,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3319","display_name":"Life-span and Life-course Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14088","display_name":"Generational Differences and Trends","score":0.6820999979972839,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3319","display_name":"Life-span and Life-course Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11779","display_name":"Higher Education and Employability","score":0.2847000062465668,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12802","display_name":"Competency Development and Evaluation","score":0.029400000348687172,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/competencies","display_name":"competencies","score":0.40299999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/millennials","display_name":"millennials","score":0.8080000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generation-z","display_name":"Generation Z","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/soft-skills","display_name":"soft skills","score":0.8479999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hard-skills","display_name":"hard skills","score":0.9950000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sustainability-education","display_name":"sustainability education","score":0.746999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/employer-expectations","display_name":"employer expectations","score":0.6269999742507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/recruitment","display_name":"recruitment","score":0.7739999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/educational-mismatch","display_name":"educational mismatch","score":0.3720000088214874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/post-pandemic-workforce","display_name":"post-pandemic workforce","score":0.6579999923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/poland","display_name":"Poland","score":0.6489999890327454}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43075056","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15910354","display_name":"Soft skills","level":2,"score":0.618057131767273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778139618","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13440398","display_name":"Workforce","level":2,"score":0.6045942902565002},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100521375","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2015382","display_name":"Competence (human resources)","level":2,"score":0.549216628074646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39549134","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133080","display_name":"Public relations","level":1,"score":0.45421233773231506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86772948","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1413287","display_name":"Social skills","level":2,"score":0.4357343316078186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120912362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q136822","display_name":"Higher education","level":2,"score":0.41514936089515686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.37437963485717773},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.3595745265483856},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C509550671","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126945","display_name":"Medical education","level":1,"score":0.3191620111465454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.2694254517555237},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.13198068737983704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C542102704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q183257","display_name":"Psychotherapist","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/su152014925","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su152014925","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su152014925","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/15/20/14925/pdf?version=1697457856","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10134376","display_name":"Sustainability","issn_l":"2071-1050","issn":["2071-1050"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sustainability","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:15:y:2023:i:20:p:14925-:d:1260826","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/15/20/14925/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/su152014925","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su152014925","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su152014925","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/15/20/14925/pdf?version=1697457856","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10134376","display_name":"Sustainability","issn_l":"2071-1050","issn":["2071-1050"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sustainability","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Decent work and economic growth","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8","score":0.833299994468689},{"display_name":"Quality education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.8278999924659729}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Observational Study","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5881663718","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"13/020/BK_23/0081","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324727","funder_display_name":"Silesian University of Technology"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324727","display_name":"Silesian University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02dyjk442"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4387673209.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4387673209.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":12,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2519942292","https://openalex.org/W2979200864","https://openalex.org/W3178875142","https://openalex.org/W4205789557","https://openalex.org/W4221133974","https://openalex.org/W4224064448","https://openalex.org/W4309701702","https://openalex.org/W4319158721","https://openalex.org/W4322709435","https://openalex.org/W4361007725","https://openalex.org/W4361217427","https://openalex.org/W6806257398"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4361007725","https://openalex.org/W2486592623","https://openalex.org/W4206817896","https://openalex.org/W7002379634","https://openalex.org/W4400609095","https://openalex.org/W7155028577","https://openalex.org/W4413382673","https://openalex.org/W4409177321","https://openalex.org/W3157846959","https://openalex.org/W4393164948"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,28,76,118,245,323],"article":[1],"deals":[2],"with":[3],"the":[4,13,18,36,43,68,81,87,93,116,123,126,132,138,155,171,194,218,226,237,250,255,263,275,280,283,289,300,305,313,319,327,339],"issue":[5],"of":[6,31,35,46,102,125,154,170,257,265,277,279,307,318],"changes":[7,259],"and":[8,33,107,109,176,192,232,267,282,287,309,312],"competence":[9],"needs":[10,314],"occurring":[11],"in":[12,26,86,148,236,260],"work":[14],"environment":[15],"related":[16],"to":[17,41,59,66,131,205,243,253,292,334],"increasingly":[19],"developed":[20],"Modern":[21],"Business":[22],"Services":[23],"(MBS)":[24],"sector":[25,320],"Poland.":[27],"section":[29],"\u201cCompetencies":[30],"Tomorrow":[32],"Education":[34],"Future\u201d":[37],"devotes":[38],"special":[39],"attention":[40],"showing":[42],"specific":[44],"impact":[45],"soft/hard":[47,55],"skills":[48,56,268],"on":[49,249,288],"teaching":[50],"methodologies":[51],"and,":[52],"secondly,":[53],"how":[54],"are":[57,160,225],"linked":[58],"education":[60,143,159,311,329],"for":[61,285,338],"sustainable":[62],"development.":[63],"In":[64,203],"order":[65],"answer":[67],"research":[69,82,119,127,134,246,324],"questions":[70],"posed,":[71],"a":[72,297],"survey":[73],"was":[74,83,120,247],"conducted.":[75],"target":[77],"group":[78],"covered":[79],"by":[80,197,316],"people":[84,103],"employed":[85],"modern":[88,238,340],"business":[89,239,341],"services":[90,240,342],"industry,":[91],"representing":[92],"youngest":[94],"generational":[95],"groups,":[96],"defined":[97],"as":[98],"Y":[99],"(Millennials\u2014the":[100],"generation":[101,113],"born":[104],"between":[105,299],"1980":[106],"2000)":[108],"Z":[110],"(the":[111],"post-2000":[112],"just":[114],"entering":[115],"workforce).":[117],"quantitative.":[121],"Specifically,":[122],"results":[124],"should":[128],"provide":[129],"answers":[130],"following":[133],"questions:":[135],"(1)":[136],"Were":[137],"competencies":[139,156,174],"acquired":[140,157,185,196],"during":[141,158,186,199,217],"school":[142],"(high":[144],"school,":[145],"college)":[146],"useful":[147],"performing":[149,165,180],"professional":[150,166,181],"tasks?":[151,167],"(2)":[152],"Which":[153,169],"most":[161],"frequently":[162],"used":[163],"when":[164,179],"(3)":[168],"future":[172],"required":[173],"(knowledge":[175],"skills)":[177],"necessary/expected":[178],"tasks":[182],"were":[183],"not":[184,332],"education?":[187,201],"(4)":[188],"Do":[189],"employers":[190,210,317],"value":[191],"use":[193],"competences":[195,216],"employees":[198],"their":[200],"(5)":[202],"addition":[204],"\u201chard\u201d":[206],"(technical)":[207],"competences,":[208,229],"do":[209],"also":[211],"check":[212],"so-called":[213,227],"\u201csoft\u201d":[214,228],"(social/personal)":[215],"recruitment":[219],"process?":[220],"(6)":[221],"To":[222],"what":[223],"extent":[224],"i.e.,":[230,262],"social/interpersonal":[231],"personal,":[233],"becoming":[234,271],"important":[235],"sector,":[241],"according":[242],"employees?":[244],"intended,":[248],"one":[251],"hand,":[252],"show":[254],"direction":[256],"expected":[258],"competencies,":[261],"range":[264],"knowledge":[266],"that":[269,326],"is":[270,296,331],"necessary":[272],"today":[273],"from":[274],"point":[276],"view":[278],"employer":[281],"requirements":[284],"employees,":[286],"other":[290],"hand":[291],"diagnose":[293],"whether":[294],"there":[295],"discrepancy":[298],"current":[301],"educational":[302],"systems":[303],"at":[304],"level":[306],"secondary":[308],"higher":[310],"reported":[315],"under":[321],"study.":[322],"confirmed":[325],"contemporary":[328],"system":[330],"sufficient":[333],"prepare":[335],"competent":[336],"personnel":[337],"sector.":[343]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-10-30T12:39:25.321706","created_date":"2023-10-17T00:00:00"}
