{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4387666341","doi":"https://doi.org/10.37765/ajmc.2023.89448","title":"Addressing excessive evaporation: an unmet need in dry eye disease","display_name":"Addressing excessive evaporation: an unmet need in dry eye disease","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4387666341","doi":"https://doi.org/10.37765/ajmc.2023.89448","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37844320"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.37765/ajmc.2023.89448","doi":"https://doi.org/10.37765/ajmc.2023.89448","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.37765/ajmc.2023.89448","pdf_url":"https://cdn.sanity.io/files/0vv8moc6/ajmc/0e1d2c60182370d9683067af7af07f5d5ee85475.pdf/AJP1229_DED_ScientificSupplement__Web.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S57989705","display_name":"The American Journal of Managed Care","issn_l":"1088-0224","issn":["1088-0224","1936-2692"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","doyens","fnege-4","jufo-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4322697529","host_organization_name":"Managed Care and Healthcare Communications","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4322697529"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Managed Care and Healthcare Communications"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The American Journal of Managed Care","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://cdn.sanity.io/files/0vv8moc6/ajmc/0e1d2c60182370d9683067af7af07f5d5ee85475.pdf/AJP1229_DED_ScientificSupplement__Web.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088888181","display_name":"Paul M Karpecki","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1390-2532","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1390-2532"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Paul M. Karpecki, OD, FAAO;Kelly K. Nichols, OD, MPH, PHD, FAAO;John D. Sheppard, MD, MMSc, FACS;","raw_affiliation_strings":["Kentucky Eye Institute, 601 Perimeter Drive, Suite 100, Lexington, KY 40517. Email: karpecki@karpecki.com"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Kentucky Eye Institute, 601 Perimeter Drive, Suite 100, Lexington, KY 40517. Email: karpecki@karpecki.com","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5088888181"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.2598,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":10,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.8604815,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"29","issue":"Suppl 13","first_page":"S239","last_page":"S247"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10997","display_name":"Ocular Surface and Contact Lens","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2731","display_name":"Ophthalmology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10997","display_name":"Ocular Surface and Contact Lens","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2731","display_name":"Ophthalmology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10920","display_name":"Advanced Drug Delivery Systems","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3003","display_name":"Pharmaceutical Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/30","display_name":"Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11521","display_name":"Salivary Gland Disorders and Functions","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2737","display_name":"Physiology (medical)"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dry-eye-disease","display_name":"dry eye","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/evaporative-dry-eye","display_name":"evaporative dry eye","score":0.796999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/meibomian-gland-dysfunction","display_name":"meibomian gland dysfunction","score":0.9290000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tear-film","display_name":"tear film","score":0.5860000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tear-hyperosmolarity","display_name":"tear hyperosmolarity","score":0.7300000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/perfluorohexyloctane","display_name":"perfluorohexyloctane","score":0.9369999766349792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/preservative-free-eye-drops","display_name":"preservative-free eye drops","score":0.8740000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ocular-surface-healing","display_name":"ocular surface healing","score":0.8140000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/meibum","display_name":"meibum","score":0.6779999732971191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ocular-surface-inflammation","display_name":"ocular surface inflammation","score":0.656000018119812}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.8821724057197571},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778837293","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3320636","display_name":"Artificial tears","level":2,"score":0.7543690204620361},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778275304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76469","display_name":"Tears","level":2,"score":0.7434545755386353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118487528","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161437","display_name":"Ophthalmology","level":1,"score":0.6687275171279907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777165675","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1425513","display_name":"Meibomian gland","level":3,"score":0.6322963237762451},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780238520","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q845698","display_name":"Blepharitis","level":2,"score":0.5483225584030151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777625524","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q552308","display_name":"Eye drop","level":2,"score":0.422420859336853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16005928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q171171","display_name":"Dermatology","level":1,"score":0.2899770736694336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141071460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40821","display_name":"Surgery","level":1,"score":0.2719709277153015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781302119","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48228","display_name":"Eyelid","level":2,"score":0.13967886567115784}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D002986","descriptor_name":"Clinical Trials as Topic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005466","descriptor_name":"Fluorocarbons","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007249","descriptor_name":"Inflammation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008055","descriptor_name":"Lipids","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008537","descriptor_name":"Meibomian Glands","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009883","descriptor_name":"Ophthalmic Solutions","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015352","descriptor_name":"Dry Eye Syndromes","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D015352","descriptor_name":"Dry Eye Syndromes","qualifier_ui":"Q000188","qualifier_name":"drug therapy","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D015352","descriptor_name":"Dry Eye Syndromes","qualifier_ui":"Q000209","qualifier_name":"etiology","is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.37765/ajmc.2023.89448","doi":"https://doi.org/10.37765/ajmc.2023.89448","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.37765/ajmc.2023.89448","pdf_url":"https://cdn.sanity.io/files/0vv8moc6/ajmc/0e1d2c60182370d9683067af7af07f5d5ee85475.pdf/AJP1229_DED_ScientificSupplement__Web.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S57989705","display_name":"The American Journal of Managed Care","issn_l":"1088-0224","issn":["1088-0224","1936-2692"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","doyens","fnege-4","jufo-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4322697529","host_organization_name":"Managed Care and Healthcare Communications","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4322697529"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Managed Care and Healthcare Communications"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The American Journal of Managed Care","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:37844320","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37844320","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The American journal of managed care","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.37765/ajmc.2023.89448","doi":"https://doi.org/10.37765/ajmc.2023.89448","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.37765/ajmc.2023.89448","pdf_url":"https://cdn.sanity.io/files/0vv8moc6/ajmc/0e1d2c60182370d9683067af7af07f5d5ee85475.pdf/AJP1229_DED_ScientificSupplement__Web.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S57989705","display_name":"The American Journal of Managed Care","issn_l":"1088-0224","issn":["1088-0224","1936-2692"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","doyens","fnege-4","jufo-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4322697529","host_organization_name":"Managed Care and Healthcare Communications","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4322697529"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Managed Care and Healthcare Communications"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The American Journal of Managed Care","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.9391000270843506}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4387666341.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4387666341.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":45,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1970613833","https://openalex.org/W1999196223","https://openalex.org/W2000783325","https://openalex.org/W2037972678","https://openalex.org/W2289895447","https://openalex.org/W2301818297","https://openalex.org/W2313816167","https://openalex.org/W2329950081","https://openalex.org/W2411546115","https://openalex.org/W2579921739","https://openalex.org/W2619038009","https://openalex.org/W2735923669","https://openalex.org/W2737642784","https://openalex.org/W2737787547","https://openalex.org/W2738160893","https://openalex.org/W2739359388","https://openalex.org/W2739410682","https://openalex.org/W2743670010","https://openalex.org/W2767073127","https://openalex.org/W2802969275","https://openalex.org/W2913388179","https://openalex.org/W2914032930","https://openalex.org/W2914289588","https://openalex.org/W2918015083","https://openalex.org/W2919261402","https://openalex.org/W2990862495","https://openalex.org/W2994823655","https://openalex.org/W3000316216","https://openalex.org/W3009791823","https://openalex.org/W3047027365","https://openalex.org/W3113529331","https://openalex.org/W3123249432","https://openalex.org/W3165571124","https://openalex.org/W4210750519","https://openalex.org/W4224231039","https://openalex.org/W4233562659","https://openalex.org/W4253760541","https://openalex.org/W4312203732","https://openalex.org/W4317568688","https://openalex.org/W4322718654","https://openalex.org/W4328102255","https://openalex.org/W4364377357","https://openalex.org/W4381322665","https://openalex.org/W4384663634","https://openalex.org/W4388302861"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4388423907","https://openalex.org/W4388732503","https://openalex.org/W4393343374","https://openalex.org/W4400003057","https://openalex.org/W4322718654","https://openalex.org/W4381322665","https://openalex.org/W7135181092","https://openalex.org/W7219564173","https://openalex.org/W4399700978","https://openalex.org/W4390778449"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Dry":[0],"eye":[1,135,161,226,235],"disease":[2],"(DED)":[3],"is":[4,63,77,158,229],"a":[5,15,29,40,59,159,170,218],"common":[6,69],"condition":[7],"in":[8,14,145,176,197,210,242],"which":[9,206],"tear":[10,19,31,46,52,55,92,117,240],"film":[11,47],"abnormalities":[12],"result":[13],"damaging":[16],"cycle":[17],"of":[18,71,89,124,181,204,215,224],"hyperosmolarity,":[20],"desiccating":[21],"stress,":[22],"inflammation,":[23,115],"and":[24,48,73,194,201,213,232,251],"ocular":[25,109,125,248],"surface":[26,126,249],"injury.":[27],"In":[28],"healthy":[30],"film,":[32],"meibum":[33,112],"produced":[34],"by":[35],"the":[36,45,67,86,90,108,140,166,230],"meibomian":[37,80],"glands":[38],"forms":[39],"lipid":[41,61,93],"layer":[42,62],"that":[43,143,163,173,223,237],"stabilizes":[44],"protects":[49],"against":[50],"aqueous":[51,105],"evaporation.":[53],"Excessive":[54],"evaporation":[56,142,175,241],"due":[57],"to":[58,65,102,168,222],"deficient":[60],"believed":[64],"be":[66,100],"most":[68,74,146],"cause":[70],"DED,":[72,245],"evaporative":[75],"DED":[76,98,200],"associated":[78],"with":[79,148,199,217,244],"gland":[81],"dysfunction":[82],"(MGD);":[83],"this":[84],"highlights":[85],"pathophysiologic":[87],"importance":[88],"dysfunctional":[91],"layer.":[94],"Current":[95],"treatments":[96],"for":[97],"may":[99],"used":[101],"supplement":[103],"hyperosmolar":[104],"tears,":[106],"lubricate":[107],"surface,":[110],"increase":[111],"flow,":[113],"decrease":[114,121],"promote":[116],"production,":[118],"or":[119],"otherwise":[120],"clinical":[122,190,202],"signs":[123,203,212],"damage":[127],"and/or":[128],"improve":[129],"symptoms.":[130],"Until":[131],"now,":[132],"no":[133],"prescription":[134],"drop":[136,162,236],"has":[137,164],"directly":[138,238],"addressed":[139],"excessive":[141],"occurs":[144],"patients":[147,198,243],"DED.":[149],"Perfluorohexyloctane":[150],"(PFHO)":[151],"ophthalmic":[152],"solution":[153],"(MIEBO\u2122;":[154],"Bausch":[155],"+":[156],"Lomb)":[157],"preservative-free":[160],"demonstrated":[165,207],"ability":[167],"form":[169],"long-lasting":[171],"barrier":[172],"inhibits":[174],"preclinical":[177],"studies.":[178],"FDA":[179],"approval":[180],"PFHO":[182,228],"was":[183],"based":[184],"on":[185],"results":[186],"from":[187],"2":[188],"pivotal":[189],"trials":[191],"(GOBI":[192],"[NCT04139798]":[193],"MOJAVE":[195],"[NCT04567329])":[196],"MGD":[205],"consistent":[208],"improvements":[209],"both":[211],"symptoms":[214],"disease,":[216],"safety":[219],"profile":[220],"similar":[221],"saline":[225],"drops.":[227],"first":[231],"only":[233],"FDA-approved":[234],"targets":[239],"thereby":[246],"promoting":[247],"healing":[250],"providing":[252],"symptomatic":[253],"relief.":[254]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2023-10-17T00:00:00"}