{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4387639708","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40670-023-01898-6","title":"The Implementation of Simulation-Based Learning for Training Undergraduate Medical Students in Essential Surgical Care Across Sub-Saharan Africa: a Scoping Review","display_name":"The Implementation of Simulation-Based Learning for Training Undergraduate Medical Students in Essential Surgical Care Across Sub-Saharan Africa: a Scoping Review","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-10-14","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4387639708","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40670-023-01898-6","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38510415","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/10948665"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s40670-023-01898-6","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40670-023-01898-6","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40670-023-01898-6","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764386890","display_name":"Medical Science Educator","issn_l":"2156-8650","issn":["2156-8650"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-20","russia-white-list-3","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Medical Science Educator","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"review","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-2242593/latest.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053889944","display_name":"Barnabas Tobi Alayande","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1326-6452","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1326-6452"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I136199984","display_name":"Harvard University","ror":"https://ror.org/03vek6s52","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210143973","display_name":"University of Global Health Equity","ror":"https://ror.org/04c8tz716","country_code":"RW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210143973"]}],"countries":["RW","US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Barnabas T. Alayande","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Equity in Global Surgery, University of Global Health Equity, Kigali, Rwanda","Program in Global Surgery and Social Change, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1326-6452","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Equity in Global Surgery, University of Global Health Equity, Kigali, Rwanda","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210143973"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Program in Global Surgery and Social Change, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044931576","display_name":"Callum Forbes","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2495-440X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2495-440X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I136199984","display_name":"Harvard University","ror":"https://ror.org/03vek6s52","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210143973","display_name":"University of Global Health Equity","ror":"https://ror.org/04c8tz716","country_code":"RW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210143973"]}],"countries":["RW","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Callum Forbes","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Equity in Global Surgery, University of Global Health Equity, Kigali, Rwanda","Program in Global Surgery and Social Change, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Equity in Global Surgery, University of Global Health Equity, Kigali, Rwanda","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210143973"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Program in Global Surgery and Social Change, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040085388","display_name":"Ornella Masimbi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8089-9631","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8089-9631"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210143973","display_name":"University of Global Health Equity","ror":"https://ror.org/04c8tz716","country_code":"RW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210143973"]}],"countries":["RW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ornella Masimbi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Equity in Global Surgery, University of Global Health Equity, Kigali, Rwanda"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Equity in Global Surgery, University of Global Health Equity, Kigali, Rwanda","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210143973"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034077968","display_name":"Paul Tunde KingPriest","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4815-7635","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4815-7635"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Paul Kingpriest","raw_affiliation_strings":["Surgical Equity and Research Center, Jos, Nigeria"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Surgical Equity and Research Center, Jos, Nigeria","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060309915","display_name":"Natnael Shimelash","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9207-8387","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9207-8387"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210143973","display_name":"University of Global Health Equity","ror":"https://ror.org/04c8tz716","country_code":"RW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210143973"]}],"countries":["RW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Natnael Shimelash","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Equity in Global Surgery, University of Global Health Equity, Kigali, Rwanda"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Equity in Global Surgery, University of Global Health Equity, Kigali, Rwanda","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210143973"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070952539","display_name":"Felix Markus Wina","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I201292520","display_name":"Bingham University","ror":"https://ror.org/04dbvvk55","country_code":"NG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I201292520"]}],"countries":["NG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Felix Wina","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Surgery, Bingham University Teaching Hospital, Jos, Nigeria"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Surgery, Bingham University Teaching Hospital, Jos, Nigeria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201292520"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000805965","display_name":"Matthew T. Hey","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3198-4121","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3198-4121"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I136199984","display_name":"Harvard University","ror":"https://ror.org/03vek6s52","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Matthew T. Hey","raw_affiliation_strings":["Program in Global Surgery and Social Change, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Program in Global Surgery and Social Change, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075854523","display_name":"Godfrey Sama Philipo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9872-8101","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9872-8101"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210161761","display_name":"East, Central and Southern Africa Health Community","ror":"https://ror.org/059dvm679","country_code":"TZ","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210161761"]}],"countries":["TZ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Godfrey Sama Philipo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Research and Patient Outcomes, College of Surgeons of East Central and Southern Africa, Arusha, Tanzania"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research and Patient Outcomes, College of Surgeons of East Central and Southern Africa, Arusha, Tanzania","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210161761"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055053813","display_name":"Egide A.E. Abahuje","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5527-5405","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5527-5405"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111979921","display_name":"Northwestern University","ror":"https://ror.org/000e0be47","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111979921"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210087849","display_name":"University of Rwanda","ror":"https://ror.org/00286hs46","country_code":"RW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210087849"]}],"countries":["RW","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Egide Abahuje","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Surgery, University of Rwanda, Kigali, Rwanda","Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Surgery, University of Rwanda, Kigali, Rwanda","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210087849"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111979921"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049568987","display_name":"Jamie M. Robertson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8252-6644","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8252-6644"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1283280774","display_name":"Brigham and Women's Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/04b6nzv94","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I121934306","https://openalex.org/I1283280774","https://openalex.org/I48633490"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I136199984","display_name":"Harvard University","ror":"https://ror.org/03vek6s52","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jamie M. Robertson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Surgery and Public Health, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA USA","Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, USA","Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Surgery and Public Health, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1283280774"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1283280774"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035336961","display_name":"Steven Yule","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9889-9090","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9889-9090"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98677209","display_name":"University of Edinburgh","ror":"https://ror.org/01nrxwf90","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98677209"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Steven Yule","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Clinical Surgery, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Clinical Surgery, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98677209"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040966730","display_name":"Robert R. Riviello","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3783-153X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3783-153X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1283280774","display_name":"Brigham and Women's Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/04b6nzv94","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I121934306","https://openalex.org/I1283280774","https://openalex.org/I48633490"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I136199984","display_name":"Harvard University","ror":"https://ror.org/03vek6s52","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210143973","display_name":"University of Global Health Equity","ror":"https://ror.org/04c8tz716","country_code":"RW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210143973"]}],"countries":["RW","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Robert R. Riviello","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Equity in Global Surgery, University of Global Health Equity, Kigali, Rwanda","Center for Surgery and Public Health, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA USA","Department of Global Health and Social Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA USA","Program in Global Surgery and Social Change, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Equity in Global Surgery, University of Global Health Equity, Kigali, Rwanda","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210143973"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Surgery and Public Health, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1283280774"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Global Health and Social Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Program in Global Surgery and Social Change, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108381542","display_name":"Abebe Bekele","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-9948-5392","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0007-9948-5392"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210143973","display_name":"University of Global Health Equity","ror":"https://ror.org/04c8tz716","country_code":"RW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210143973"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4537092","display_name":"Addis Ababa University","ror":"https://ror.org/038b8e254","country_code":"ET","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4537092"]}],"countries":["ET","RW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Abebe Bekele","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Equity in Global Surgery, University of Global Health Equity, Kigali, Rwanda","School of Medicine, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Equity in Global Surgery, University of Global Health Equity, Kigali, Rwanda","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210143973"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Medicine, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4537092"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":6,"institutions_distinct_count":9,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5053889944"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I136199984","https://openalex.org/I4210143973"],"apc_list":{"value":2990,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2990},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.9735,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":16,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.69071856,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"34","issue":"1","first_page":"237","last_page":"256"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10916","display_name":"Surgical Simulation and Training","score":0.9688000082969666,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2746","display_name":"Surgery"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10916","display_name":"Surgical Simulation and Training","score":0.9688000082969666,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2746","display_name":"Surgery"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11238","display_name":"Simulation-Based Education in Healthcare","score":0.02370000071823597,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2737","display_name":"Physiology (medical)"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10254","display_name":"Innovations in Medical Education","score":0.003800000064074993,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/simulation-based-training","display_name":"simulation-based training","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/undergraduate-medical-education","display_name":"undergraduate medical education","score":0.8479999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/essential-surgery","display_name":"essential surgery","score":0.7900000214576721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/surgical-training","display_name":"surgical training","score":0.7080000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sub-saharan-africa","display_name":"sub-Saharan Africa","score":0.8259999752044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/east-africa","display_name":"East Africa","score":0.503000020980835}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C509550671","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126945","display_name":"Medical education","level":1,"score":0.6350319385528564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.5371696352958679},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777211547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17141490","display_name":"Training (meteorology)","level":2,"score":0.5075231790542603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3018222959","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7832986","display_name":"Simulation training","level":2,"score":0.49428415298461914},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3019611579","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6641956","display_name":"Surgical procedures","level":2,"score":0.45860227942466736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141071460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40821","display_name":"Surgery","level":1,"score":0.1773153841495514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44154836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45045","display_name":"Simulation","level":1,"score":0.1419753134250641},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.12394493818283081},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.10171109437942505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153294291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261","display_name":"Meteorology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s40670-023-01898-6","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40670-023-01898-6","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40670-023-01898-6","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764386890","display_name":"Medical Science Educator","issn_l":"2156-8650","issn":["2156-8650"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-20","russia-white-list-3","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Medical Science Educator","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-2242593/v1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-2242593/v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-2242593/v1","pdf_url":"https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-2242593/latest.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525896","display_name":"Research Square","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Research Square","raw_type":"posted-content"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:10948665","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/10948665","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10948665/pdf/40670_2023_Article_1898.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Med Sci Educ","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:38510415","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38510415","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Medical science educator","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-2242593/v1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-2242593/v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-2242593/v1","pdf_url":"https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-2242593/latest.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525896","display_name":"Research Square","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Research Square","raw_type":"posted-content"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.9537000060081482,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"},{"display_name":"Quality education","score":0.9235000014305115,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","display_name":"National Institutes of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4387639708.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4387639708.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":62,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1480314090","https://openalex.org/W1969241382","https://openalex.org/W1973912778","https://openalex.org/W1984221589","https://openalex.org/W1997205119","https://openalex.org/W2008146874","https://openalex.org/W2010607624","https://openalex.org/W2012016729","https://openalex.org/W2043861297","https://openalex.org/W2068166033","https://openalex.org/W2076134402","https://openalex.org/W2095519851","https://openalex.org/W2105321265","https://openalex.org/W2115120145","https://openalex.org/W2119446911","https://openalex.org/W2119472226","https://openalex.org/W2121416233","https://openalex.org/W2124355949","https://openalex.org/W2140246832","https://openalex.org/W2171642461","https://openalex.org/W2295306787","https://openalex.org/W2300309919","https://openalex.org/W2339206944","https://openalex.org/W2418721545","https://openalex.org/W2592512002","https://openalex.org/W2616983991","https://openalex.org/W2617845928","https://openalex.org/W2761213135","https://openalex.org/W2761997727","https://openalex.org/W2765729287","https://openalex.org/W2774570675","https://openalex.org/W2776988651","https://openalex.org/W2886776724","https://openalex.org/W2901669506","https://openalex.org/W2907648795","https://openalex.org/W2909513991","https://openalex.org/W2953621059","https://openalex.org/W2968182078","https://openalex.org/W2984160309","https://openalex.org/W2988243676","https://openalex.org/W2998568715","https://openalex.org/W3008238429","https://openalex.org/W3010725347","https://openalex.org/W3012004062","https://openalex.org/W3093767882","https://openalex.org/W3118057477","https://openalex.org/W3118615836","https://openalex.org/W3122929204","https://openalex.org/W3128524375","https://openalex.org/W3131489906","https://openalex.org/W3172980082","https://openalex.org/W3175779600","https://openalex.org/W3199077758","https://openalex.org/W4220803254","https://openalex.org/W4224272788","https://openalex.org/W4310593856","https://openalex.org/W4311297287","https://openalex.org/W4312840746","https://openalex.org/W4320717273","https://openalex.org/W4368367940","https://openalex.org/W4375853541","https://openalex.org/W4384944810"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4316881842","https://openalex.org/W2761213135","https://openalex.org/W2792570394","https://openalex.org/W7167922418","https://openalex.org/W7108093649","https://openalex.org/W4391595627","https://openalex.org/W3125129826","https://openalex.org/W4306178861","https://openalex.org/W3162789333","https://openalex.org/W7074204806"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Background":[1],"The":[2,21],"implementation":[3],"of":[4,24,37,57,89,162,173,178,201,216,229,249],"simulation-based":[5,90,132,218],"learning":[6,91,133,219],"for":[7,26,92,134,220,227],"surgical":[8,19,27,61,96,102,136,182],"training":[9,29,97,137],"in":[10,30,34,54,63,80,98,109,127,138,224],"sub-Saharan":[11,64,139,225],"Africa":[12,35,140,149,226],"can":[13],"help":[14],"prepare":[15],"trainees":[16],"to":[17,41,51,59,101,166,171,243,266],"address":[18],"burden.":[20],"current":[22],"status":[23],"simulation":[25,58,157,165,259],"skills":[28,205],"undergraduate":[31,60,93,135,168,221],"medical":[32,222],"education":[33,62,223],"South":[36],"the":[38,55,87,110,128,187,245],"Sahara":[39],"needs":[40],"be":[42],"better":[43],"defined.":[44],"In":[45],"this":[46],"scoping":[47,70],"review":[48],"we":[49],"aimed":[50],"identify":[52],"gaps":[53],"application":[56],"Africa.":[65],"Methods":[66],"We":[67,120,212],"conducted":[68],"a":[69,214],"literature":[71],"search":[72],"using":[73],"PubMed,":[74],"Embase,":[75],"and":[76,124,144,159,176,206,247,251,262],"African":[77,268],"Index":[78],"Medicus":[79],"August":[81],"2021.":[82],"Studies":[83],"reporting":[84],"data":[85],"on":[86],"use":[88],"or":[94,105,116],"internship":[95],"SSA":[99],"specific":[100],"clerkships,":[103],"programs":[104,163,202],"procedures":[106],"were":[107,113,145,152],"included":[108,125],"analysis.":[111,130],"There":[112,240],"no":[114],"language":[115],"date":[117],"restrictions.":[118],"Results":[119],"identified":[121],"119":[122],"studies":[123],"19":[126],"final":[129],"Most":[131],"began":[141],"recently":[142],"(2017\u20132021),":[143],"reported":[146,194],"from":[147],"Eastern":[148],"(78%).":[150],"Half":[151],"planned":[153],"as":[154,184,195],"recurring,":[155],"sustained":[156],"programs,":[158],"only":[160],"25%":[161],"applied":[164],"early":[167],"training.":[169],"Up":[170],"44%":[172],"primary":[174],"care":[175],"32%":[177],"first-level":[179],"hospital":[180],"essential":[181,238],"procedures,":[183],"defined":[185],"by":[186,197],"Disease":[188,234],"Control":[189,235],"Priority":[190],"Program":[191],"(DCP3),":[192],"are":[193],"taught":[196,203],"simulation.":[198],"Only":[199],"15%":[200],"non-technical":[204],"14%":[207],"had":[208],"engineering":[209],"collaborations.":[210],"Conclusions":[211],"found":[213],"lack":[215],"published":[217],"65%":[228],"World":[230],"Health":[231],"Organization/World":[232],"Bank":[233],"Priorities":[236],"3-defined":[237],"operations.":[239],"is":[241],"need":[242],"expand":[244],"range":[246],"depth":[248],"content,":[250],"participant":[252],"spread.":[253],"Interdisciplinary,":[254],"trans-sectoral":[255],"collaboration":[256],"will":[257],"enrich":[258],"program":[260],"quality,":[261],"assist":[263],"with":[264],"expansion":[265],"other":[267],"regions.":[269]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-11-05T12:25:35.769452","created_date":"2023-10-15T00:00:00"}