{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4387571995","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/trf.331_17554","title":"P\u2010TA\u20107 | Overcoming the Prozone\u2010Like Effect on Luminex Single Antigen Testing in the Setting of Therapeutic Plasma Exchange: A Case Report","display_name":"P\u2010TA\u20107 | Overcoming the Prozone\u2010Like Effect on Luminex Single Antigen Testing in the Setting of Therapeutic Plasma Exchange: A Case Report","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4387571995","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/trf.331_17554"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1111/trf.331_17554","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/trf.331_17554","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/trf.331_17554","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S186746772","display_name":"Transfusion","issn_l":"0041-1132","issn":["0041-1132","0372-1248","1537-2995","1878-2000"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Transfusion","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"H. Nakahara","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150468666","display_name":"Emory University","ror":"https://ror.org/03czfpz43","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150468666"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"H. Nakahara","raw_affiliation_strings":["Emory University School of Medicine"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Emory University School of Medicine","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150468666"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050971423","display_name":"John D. Roback","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9952-2252","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9952-2252"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150468666","display_name":"Emory University","ror":"https://ror.org/03czfpz43","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150468666"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J. Roback","raw_affiliation_strings":["Emory University School of Medicine"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Emory University School of Medicine","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150468666"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079918204","display_name":"Alanna A. Morris","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8033-3707","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8033-3707"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150468666","display_name":"Emory University","ror":"https://ror.org/03czfpz43","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150468666"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A. Morris","raw_affiliation_strings":["Emory University School of Medicine"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Emory University School of Medicine","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150468666"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061681954","display_name":"Howard M. Gebel","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0197-2752","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0197-2752"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150468666","display_name":"Emory University","ror":"https://ror.org/03czfpz43","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150468666"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"H. Gebel","raw_affiliation_strings":["Emory University School of Medicine"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Emory University School of Medicine","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150468666"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031181626","display_name":"Robert A. Bray","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3598-5180","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3598-5180"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150468666","display_name":"Emory University","ror":"https://ror.org/03czfpz43","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150468666"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R. Bray","raw_affiliation_strings":["Emory University School of Medicine"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Emory University School of Medicine","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150468666"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077093991","display_name":"Harold Clifford Sullivan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4909-7168","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4909-7168"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150468666","display_name":"Emory University","ror":"https://ror.org/03czfpz43","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150468666"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"H. Sullivan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Emory University School of Medicine"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Emory University School of Medicine","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150468666"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150468666"],"apc_list":{"value":3900,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3900},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.23393091,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"63","issue":"S5","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10373","display_name":"Renal Transplantation Outcomes and Treatments","score":0.6532999873161316,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2747","display_name":"Transplantation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10373","display_name":"Renal Transplantation Outcomes and Treatments","score":0.6532999873161316,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2747","display_name":"Transplantation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11314","display_name":"Clinical Laboratory Practices and Quality Control","score":0.1996999979019165,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2737","display_name":"Physiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11189","display_name":"Transplantation: Methods and Outcomes","score":0.06759999692440033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2746","display_name":"Surgery"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/prozone-effect","display_name":"prozone phenomenon","score":0.8360000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/therapeutic-plasma-exchange","display_name":"plasma exchange","score":0.9039999842643738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/donor-specific-hla-antibodies","display_name":"donor-specific HLA antibodies","score":0.9819999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antibody-mediated-rejection","display_name":"antibody-mediated rejection","score":0.9779999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heart-transplantation","display_name":"heart transplantation","score":0.7799999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/edta-treatment","display_name":"EDTA treatment","score":0.8830000162124634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/complement-c3-and-c4","display_name":"complement C3 and C4","score":0.8939999938011169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hemodilution","display_name":"hemodilution","score":0.6349999904632568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/albumin-replacement","display_name":"albumin replacement","score":0.5720000267028809}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.4215502142906189}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1111/trf.331_17554","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/trf.331_17554","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/trf.331_17554","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S186746772","display_name":"Transfusion","issn_l":"0041-1132","issn":["0041-1132","0372-1248","1537-2995","1878-2000"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Transfusion","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.9922999739646912}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/case-report","display_name":"Case Report"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4402607548","https://openalex.org/W2594360884","https://openalex.org/W1831244673","https://openalex.org/W4402799872","https://openalex.org/W2377446524","https://openalex.org/W4410857185","https://openalex.org/W4409014307","https://openalex.org/W2752667385","https://openalex.org/W4394719080","https://openalex.org/W4408638288"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Therapeutic":[0],"plasma":[1,262],"exchange":[2],"(TPE)":[3],"is":[4,51],"a":[5,31],"crucial":[6],"treatment":[7,64,202,209,281],"for":[8,291],"antibody-mediated":[9],"rejection":[10],"(AMR)":[11],"post-organ":[12],"transplantation":[13],"that":[14,35,47,81],"removes":[15],"pathogenic":[16],"donor-specific":[17,295],"HLA":[18,22,106,152,288,296],"antibodies":[19],"(DSA).":[20],"However,":[21,237],"laboratory":[23],"tests":[24],"to":[25,77,88,116,120,128],"detect":[26],"DSA":[27,37,161,172,198],"have":[28,45],"limitations,":[29],"including":[30],"prozone":[32],"(PZ)-like":[33],"effect":[34,50,75,260,272],"mask":[36],"detection":[38],"by":[39,53,60,93,183,213,222],"blocking":[40],"reporter":[41],"antibodies.":[42,297],"Previous":[43],"studies":[44],"revealed":[46,155,196],"the":[48,69,73,78,82,102,117,122,205,217,239,242,258,269,274,279,283],"PZ-like":[49,74,123,178,271],"mediated":[52],"complement":[54,133,214,226,235,243],"components":[55,215],"and":[56,109,131,148,159,191],"can":[57],"be":[58],"mitigated":[59,268],"dilution":[61],"or":[62],"EDTA":[63,94,113,193,201,208,280],"of":[65,177,186,207,225,234],"patient":[66,83,118,188],"serum.":[67],"In":[68],"case":[70],"discussed":[71],"herein,":[72],"led":[76],"incorrect":[79],"conclusion":[80],"was":[84,91,114,126,173,181,220,245],"not":[85],"responding":[86],"well":[87],"TPE,":[89],"which":[90,195],"corrected":[92],"treatment.":[95],"Patient":[96],"serum":[97,119,189],"samples":[98],"were":[99],"analyzed":[100],"using":[101],"LABScreen":[103],"Single":[104],"Antigen":[105],"Class":[107],"I":[108,158],"II":[110,160],"kit":[111],"(OneLambda).":[112],"added":[115],"overcome":[121],"effect.":[124,179],"Nephelometry":[125],"utilized":[127],"measure":[129],"C3":[130],"C4":[132],"levels":[134,199,224,290],"(Binding":[135],"Site).":[136],"A":[137],"36-year-old":[138],"male":[139],"with":[140,145,190,200,264],"orthotopic":[141],"heart":[142,146],"transplant":[143],"presented":[144],"failure":[147],"reduced":[149],"ejection":[150],"fraction.":[151],"antibody":[153,289],"testing":[154,185],"multiple":[156],"class":[157],"(Figure":[162,210],"A).":[163,211],"After":[164],"5":[165],"TPE":[166,267],"treatments,":[167],"an":[168],"unanticipated":[169],"increase":[170],"in":[171,204,216,238,273],"observed":[174],"raising":[175],"suspicion":[176],"This":[180],"investigated":[182],"repeat":[184],"pre-TPE":[187,218,284],"without":[192],"treatment,":[194],"higher":[197],"than":[203],"absence":[206],"Interference":[212],"sample":[219,241],"supported":[221],"physiologic":[223],"(C3:":[227,250],"102.2":[228],"mg/dL;":[229,252],"C4:":[230,253],"26.0":[231],"mg/dL)":[232],"capable":[233],"fixation.":[236],"post-TPE":[240,275],"level":[244],"lowered":[246],"below":[247],"reference":[248],"interval":[249],"40.6":[251],"10.2":[254],"mg/dL).":[255],"We":[256],"hypothesize":[257],"hemodilution":[259],"from":[261],"replacement":[263],"albumin":[265],"during":[266],"complement-mediated":[270],"sample,":[276],"much":[277],"like":[278],"on":[282],"sample.":[285],"FIGURE":[286],"A.":[287],"each":[292],"DSA.":[293],"DSA,":[294]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-01T08:54:57.152042","created_date":"2023-10-13T00:00:00"}