{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4387522652","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/8962283","title":"BiLSTM\u2010 and GNN\u2010Based Spatiotemporal Traffic Flow Forecasting with Correlated Weather Data","display_name":"BiLSTM\u2010 and GNN\u2010Based Spatiotemporal Traffic Flow Forecasting with Correlated Weather Data","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4387522652","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/8962283"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1155/2023/8962283","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/8962283","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/8962283","pdf_url":"https://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/jat/2023/8962283.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S75054922","display_name":"Journal of Advanced Transportation","issn_l":"0197-6729","issn":["0197-6729","2042-3195"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-b","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319869","host_organization_name":"Hindawi Publishing Corporation","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319869","https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Hindawi Publishing Corporation","Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Advanced Transportation","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","datacite","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/jat/2023/8962283.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038089287","display_name":"Abdullah Alourani","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6794-3677","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6794-3677"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I195631090","display_name":"Majmaah University","ror":"https://ror.org/01mcrnj60","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I195631090"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Abdullah Alourani","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Information, College of Science in Zulfi, Majmaah University, Al-Majmaah 11952","Department of Computer Science and Information, College of Science in Zulfi, Majmaah University, Al-Majmaah 11952, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Information, College of Science in Zulfi, Majmaah University, Al-Majmaah 11952","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I195631090"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Information, College of Science in Zulfi, Majmaah University, Al-Majmaah 11952, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I195631090"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042678937","display_name":"Farzeen Ashfaq","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5119-603X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5119-603X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210143550","display_name":"Taylor's University","ror":"https://ror.org/0498pcx51","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210143550"]}],"countries":["MY"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Farzeen Ashfaq","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science, SCS, Taylor\u2019s University, Subang Jaya 47500","School of Computer Science, SCS, Taylor\u2019s University, Subang Jaya 47500, Malaysia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science, SCS, Taylor\u2019s University, Subang Jaya 47500","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210143550"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science, SCS, Taylor\u2019s University, Subang Jaya 47500, Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210143550"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029582839","display_name":"Noor Zaman Jhanjhi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8116-4733","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8116-4733"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210143550","display_name":"Taylor's University","ror":"https://ror.org/0498pcx51","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210143550"]}],"countries":["MY"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"N. Z. Jhanjhi","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science, SCS, Taylor\u2019s University, Subang Jaya 47500","School of Computer Science, SCS, Taylor\u2019s University, Subang Jaya 47500, Malaysia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8116-4733","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science, SCS, Taylor\u2019s University, Subang Jaya 47500","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210143550"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science, SCS, Taylor\u2019s University, Subang Jaya 47500, Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210143550"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000677418","display_name":"Navid Ali Khan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-9305-2206","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0006-9305-2206"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210143550","display_name":"Taylor's University","ror":"https://ror.org/0498pcx51","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210143550"]}],"countries":["MY"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Navid Ali Khan","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science, SCS, Taylor\u2019s University, Subang Jaya 47500","School of Computer Science, SCS, Taylor\u2019s University, Subang Jaya 47500, Malaysia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science, SCS, Taylor\u2019s University, Subang Jaya 47500","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210143550"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science, SCS, Taylor\u2019s University, Subang Jaya 47500, Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210143550"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5029582839"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210143550"],"apc_list":{"value":2550,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2550},"apc_paid":{"value":2550,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2550},"fwci":2.8544,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":23,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.89723375,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"2023","issue":"1","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11344","display_name":"Traffic Prediction and Management Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3313","display_name":"Transportation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11344","display_name":"Traffic Prediction and Management Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3313","display_name":"Transportation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10524","display_name":"Traffic control and management","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12120","display_name":"Air Quality Monitoring and Forecasting","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/traffic-flow-prediction","display_name":"traffic flow prediction","score":0.9750000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spatiotemporal-prediction","display_name":"spatiotemporal prediction","score":0.9269999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/meteorological-observations","display_name":"meteorological observations","score":0.6840000152587891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graph-neural-networks","display_name":"graph neural networks","score":0.722000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bidirectional-lstm","display_name":"bidirectional LSTM","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/attention-mechanism","display_name":"attention mechanism","score":0.8510000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hybrid-deep-learning","display_name":"hybrid deep learning model","score":0.7570000290870667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/urban-traffic","display_name":"urban traffic","score":0.7590000033378601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/traffic-management","display_name":"traffic management","score":0.6359999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/smart-cities","display_name":"smart cities","score":0.4569999873638153}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.659299373626709},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207512268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3074551","display_name":"Traffic flow (computer networking)","level":2,"score":0.5980637073516846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.5283836722373962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139945424","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1940696","display_name":"Mean squared error","level":2,"score":0.5147990584373474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132525143","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141488","display_name":"Graph","level":2,"score":0.4948810935020447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.42175859212875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168443057","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7001223","display_name":"Traffic volume","level":2,"score":0.4185428023338318},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22212356","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q775325","display_name":"Transport engineering","level":1,"score":0.3152501583099365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.28781628608703613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.1604454219341278},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.13237494230270386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.10523432493209839},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1155/2023/8962283","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/8962283","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/8962283","pdf_url":"https://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/jat/2023/8962283.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S75054922","display_name":"Journal of Advanced Transportation","issn_l":"0197-6729","issn":["0197-6729","2042-3195"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-b","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319869","host_organization_name":"Hindawi Publishing Corporation","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319869","https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Hindawi Publishing Corporation","Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Advanced Transportation","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:043924aa18f64ecb99a2eac0eb35fc40","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/043924aa18f64ecb99a2eac0eb35fc40","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Advanced Transportation, Vol 2023 (2023)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"doi:10.60692/fm5dz-rzr34","doi":"https://doi.org/10.60692/fm5dz-rzr34","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.60692/fm5dz-rzr34","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407051682","display_name":"Greater South Information System","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article-journal"},{"id":"doi:10.60692/vkjnv-mge37","doi":"https://doi.org/10.60692/vkjnv-mge37","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.60692/vkjnv-mge37","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407051682","display_name":"Greater South Information System","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article-journal"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1155/2023/8962283","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/8962283","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/8962283","pdf_url":"https://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/jat/2023/8962283.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S75054922","display_name":"Journal of Advanced Transportation","issn_l":"0197-6729","issn":["0197-6729","2042-3195"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-b","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319869","host_organization_name":"Hindawi Publishing Corporation","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319869","https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Hindawi Publishing Corporation","Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Advanced Transportation","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":1.0,"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11"},{"score":0.8970999717712402,"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6307532868","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"R-2023","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324553","funder_display_name":"Majmaah University"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7492694280","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"R-2023-518","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324553","funder_display_name":"Majmaah University"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324553","display_name":"Majmaah University","ror":"https://ror.org/01mcrnj60"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4387522652.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4387522652.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":89,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1501856433","https://openalex.org/W1531333757","https://openalex.org/W1898329759","https://openalex.org/W2015765847","https://openalex.org/W2079989113","https://openalex.org/W2114906131","https://openalex.org/W2116341502","https://openalex.org/W2125428797","https://openalex.org/W2149921893","https://openalex.org/W2171306738","https://openalex.org/W2296760620","https://openalex.org/W2810065256","https://openalex.org/W2903871660","https://openalex.org/W2905967367","https://openalex.org/W2914767245","https://openalex.org/W2963311488","https://openalex.org/W2964319113","https://openalex.org/W2966354409","https://openalex.org/W2967781079","https://openalex.org/W2972752351","https://openalex.org/W2973546771","https://openalex.org/W2975195699","https://openalex.org/W2994901268","https://openalex.org/W2996847713","https://openalex.org/W2997848713","https://openalex.org/W2999045768","https://openalex.org/W3005073613","https://openalex.org/W3008849576","https://openalex.org/W3010851489","https://openalex.org/W3011667374","https://openalex.org/W3012562343","https://openalex.org/W3015712039","https://openalex.org/W3018929327","https://openalex.org/W3020655189","https://openalex.org/W3026400623","https://openalex.org/W3034077089","https://openalex.org/W3035245013","https://openalex.org/W3041279471","https://openalex.org/W3046773429","https://openalex.org/W3081987387","https://openalex.org/W3084214008","https://openalex.org/W3089210763","https://openalex.org/W3092622251","https://openalex.org/W3093570888","https://openalex.org/W3093639344","https://openalex.org/W3103942004","https://openalex.org/W3106815347","https://openalex.org/W3107328345","https://openalex.org/W3107462623","https://openalex.org/W3124426233","https://openalex.org/W3125437963","https://openalex.org/W3135400423","https://openalex.org/W3138408498","https://openalex.org/W3142674662","https://openalex.org/W3152695604","https://openalex.org/W3157164162","https://openalex.org/W3168797207","https://openalex.org/W3173249214","https://openalex.org/W3185561982","https://openalex.org/W3185832719","https://openalex.org/W3194625338","https://openalex.org/W3201658558","https://openalex.org/W3204365986","https://openalex.org/W3207611353","https://openalex.org/W3208697304","https://openalex.org/W3210458411","https://openalex.org/W3214505344","https://openalex.org/W3216224027","https://openalex.org/W4200099066","https://openalex.org/W4200227935","https://openalex.org/W4200623072","https://openalex.org/W4206333838","https://openalex.org/W4206626673","https://openalex.org/W4211110525","https://openalex.org/W4211204821","https://openalex.org/W4213138287","https://openalex.org/W4220690199","https://openalex.org/W4220718123","https://openalex.org/W4224037877","https://openalex.org/W4226035936","https://openalex.org/W4280610935","https://openalex.org/W4281478450","https://openalex.org/W4285161977","https://openalex.org/W4291014764","https://openalex.org/W4292262218","https://openalex.org/W4293136753","https://openalex.org/W4293250436","https://openalex.org/W4293686061","https://openalex.org/W4294151799"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3118223522","https://openalex.org/W3093570888","https://openalex.org/W7166836700","https://openalex.org/W7212174888","https://openalex.org/W4383551049","https://openalex.org/W4407978521","https://openalex.org/W3023805417","https://openalex.org/W7213362937","https://openalex.org/W3100997528","https://openalex.org/W7151558573"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"timely":[1],"and":[2,16,23,30,50,83,100,128],"accurate":[3],"forecasting":[4],"of":[5,126,134,151],"urban":[6],"road":[7,111],"traffic":[8,14,24,32,39,146],"is":[9,52],"crucial":[10],"for":[11,108,144],"smart":[12],"city":[13],"management":[15],"control.":[17],"It":[18,136],"can":[19,137],"assist":[20],"both":[21],"drivers":[22],"controllers":[25],"in":[26],"selecting":[27],"efficient":[28],"routes":[29],"diverting":[31],"to":[33,79,87,97,102],"less":[34],"congested":[35],"roads.":[36],"However,":[37],"estimating":[38],"volume":[40],"while":[41],"taking":[42],"into":[43],"account":[44],"external":[45],"factors":[46],"such":[47],"as":[48,140],"weather":[49],"accidents":[51],"still":[53],"a":[54,61,75,121,129,141],"challenge.":[55],"In":[56],"this":[57],"research,":[58],"we":[59],"propose":[60],"hybrid":[62],"deep":[63],"learning":[64],"framework,":[65],"double":[66],"attention":[67,105],"graph":[68,76],"neural":[69,77],"network":[70,78],"BiLSTM":[71],"(DAGNBL),":[72],"that":[73],"utilizes":[74],"represent":[80],"spatial":[81],"characteristics":[82],"bidirectional":[84],"LSTM":[85],"units":[86],"capture":[88],"temporal":[89],"dependencies":[90],"between":[91],"features.":[92],"Attention":[93],"modules":[94],"are":[95],"added":[96],"the":[98,109,116],"GNN":[99],"BLSTM":[101],"find":[103],"high\u2010impact":[104],"weight":[106],"values":[107],"chosen":[110],"section.":[112],"Our":[113],"model":[114],"offers":[115],"best":[117],"prediction":[118],"accuracy":[119],"with":[120],"mean":[122,131],"absolute":[123],"percentage":[124],"error":[125,133],"5.21%":[127],"root":[130],"squared":[132],"4.":[135],"be":[138],"utilized":[139],"useful":[142],"tool":[143],"predicting":[145],"flow":[147],"on":[148],"certain":[149],"stretches":[150],"road.":[152]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-11-10T11:39:43.021295","created_date":"2023-10-12T00:00:00"}