{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4387498488","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics13203163","title":"Integrating Molecular Diagnostics and GIS Mapping: A Multidisciplinary Approach to Understanding Tuberculosis Disease Dynamics in South Africa Using Xpert MTB/RIF","display_name":"Integrating Molecular Diagnostics and GIS Mapping: A Multidisciplinary Approach to Understanding Tuberculosis Disease Dynamics in South Africa Using Xpert MTB/RIF","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-10-10","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4387498488","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics13203163","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37891984","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/10606157"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/diagnostics13203163","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics13203163","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics13203163","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4418/13/20/3163/pdf?version=1696921099","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210172076","display_name":"Diagnostics","issn_l":"2075-4418","issn":["2075-4418"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Diagnostics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4418/13/20/3163/pdf?version=1696921099","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027166506","display_name":"Lesley Erica Scott","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6573-9525","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6573-9525"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I192619145","display_name":"University of the Witwatersrand","ror":"https://ror.org/03rp50x72","country_code":"ZA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I192619145"]}],"countries":["ZA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Lesley Erica Scott","raw_affiliation_strings":["Wits Diagnostic Innovation Hub, Faculty of Health Science, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2093, South Africa"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6573-9525","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Wits Diagnostic Innovation Hub, Faculty of Health Science, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2093, South Africa","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I192619145"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090365415","display_name":"Anne N. Shapiro","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5917-1440","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5917-1440"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111088046","display_name":"Boston University","ror":"https://ror.org/05qwgg493","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111088046"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anne Nicole Shapiro","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02118, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5917-1440","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02118, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111088046"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Manuel Pedro Da Silva","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9869-5271","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9869-5271"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I107920810","display_name":"National Health Laboratory Service","ror":"https://ror.org/00znvbk37","country_code":"ZA","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I107920810"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I192619145","display_name":"University of the Witwatersrand","ror":"https://ror.org/03rp50x72","country_code":"ZA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I192619145"]}],"countries":["ZA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Manuel Pedro Da Silva","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Priority Program of the National Health Laboratory Services (NHLS), Johannesburg 2131, South Africa","Wits Diagnostic Innovation Hub, Faculty of Health Science, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2093, South Africa"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9869-5271","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Priority Program of the National Health Laboratory Services (NHLS), Johannesburg 2131, South Africa","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107920810"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Wits Diagnostic Innovation Hub, Faculty of Health Science, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2093, South Africa","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I192619145"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065454149","display_name":"Jonathan Tsoka","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-0337-7260","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0002-0337-7260"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I192619145","display_name":"University of the Witwatersrand","ror":"https://ror.org/03rp50x72","country_code":"ZA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I192619145"]}],"countries":["ZA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jonathan Tsoka","raw_affiliation_strings":["Wits Diagnostic Innovation Hub, Faculty of Health Science, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2093, South Africa"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-0337-7260","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Wits Diagnostic Innovation Hub, Faculty of Health Science, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2093, South Africa","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I192619145"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004903121","display_name":"Karen Rita Jacobson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4239-3685","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4239-3685"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1286490081","display_name":"Boston Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/010b9wj87","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1286490081"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Karen Rita Jacobson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Infectious Diseases, Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA 02118, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Infectious Diseases, Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA 02118, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1286490081"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041700526","display_name":"Michael Emch","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2642-965X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2642-965X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114027177","display_name":"University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill","ror":"https://ror.org/0130frc33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114027177"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michael Emch","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina School, Chapel Hill, NC 27127, USA","Department of Geography and Environment, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2642-965X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina School, Chapel Hill, NC 27127, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114027177"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Geography and Environment, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114027177"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014104423","display_name":"Harry Moultrie","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9722-0699","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9722-0699"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I107920810","display_name":"National Health Laboratory Service","ror":"https://ror.org/00znvbk37","country_code":"ZA","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I107920810"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4387155312","display_name":"National Institute for Communicable Diseases","ror":"https://ror.org/007wwmx82","country_code":"ZA","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4387155312"]}],"countries":["ZA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Harry Moultrie","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Institute for Communicable Diseases of the National Health Laboratory Service, Johannesburg 2192, South Africa"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Institute for Communicable Diseases of the National Health Laboratory Service, Johannesburg 2192, South Africa","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107920810","https://openalex.org/I4387155312"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060308139","display_name":"Helen Elizabeth Jenkins","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4749-1591","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4749-1591"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111088046","display_name":"Boston University","ror":"https://ror.org/05qwgg493","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111088046"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Helen Elizabeth Jenkins","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02118, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02118, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111088046"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060911998","display_name":"David Moore","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3748-0154","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3748-0154","https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5151-9748"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210089966","display_name":"London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/00a0jsq62","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I4210089966"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David Moore","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Clinical Research, Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London WC1E 7HT, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Clinical Research, Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London WC1E 7HT, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210089966"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053345229","display_name":"Annelies Van Rie","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7666-3263","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7666-3263"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149213910","display_name":"University of Antwerp","ror":"https://ror.org/008x57b05","country_code":"BE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149213910"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Annelies Van Rie","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, 2000 Antwerpen, Belgium"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, 2000 Antwerpen, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149213910"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044667291","display_name":"Wendy Susan Stevens","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1684-908X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1684-908X","https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0237-165X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I107920810","display_name":"National Health Laboratory Service","ror":"https://ror.org/00znvbk37","country_code":"ZA","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I107920810"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I192619145","display_name":"University of the Witwatersrand","ror":"https://ror.org/03rp50x72","country_code":"ZA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I192619145"]}],"countries":["ZA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wendy Susan Stevens","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Priority Program of the National Health Laboratory Services (NHLS), Johannesburg 2131, South Africa","Wits Diagnostic Innovation Hub, Faculty of Health Science, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2093, South Africa"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Priority Program of the National Health Laboratory Services (NHLS), Johannesburg 2131, South Africa","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107920810"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Wits Diagnostic Innovation Hub, Faculty of Health Science, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2093, South Africa","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I192619145"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":4,"institutions_distinct_count":8,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5027166506"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I192619145"],"apc_list":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2224},"apc_paid":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2224},"fwci":0.8233,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.71125444,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":"20","first_page":"3163","last_page":"3163"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10038","display_name":"Tuberculosis Research and Epidemiology","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10038","display_name":"Tuberculosis Research and Epidemiology","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11381","display_name":"Infectious Diseases and Tuberculosis","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2746","display_name":"Surgery"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11819","display_name":"Data-Driven Disease Surveillance","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2713","display_name":"Epidemiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tuberculosis-surveillance","display_name":"tuberculosis surveillance","score":0.7929999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/xpert-mtb-rif","display_name":"Xpert MTB/RIF","score":0.968999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mycobacterium-tuberculosis","display_name":"Mycobacterium tuberculosis","score":0.8629999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rifampicin-resistance","display_name":"rifampicin resistance","score":0.9779999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/molecular-diagnosis","display_name":"molecular diagnosis","score":0.828000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spatial-distribution-of-disease","display_name":"spatial distribution of disease","score":0.7129999995231628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spatial-heterogeneity","display_name":"spatial heterogeneity","score":0.7379999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/healthcare-workers","display_name":"healthcare workers","score":0.5189999938011169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/urban-environment","display_name":"urban environment","score":0.5270000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/south-africa","display_name":"South Africa","score":0.5950000286102295}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781069245","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12204","display_name":"Tuberculosis","level":2,"score":0.7385271191596985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151956035","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1132755","display_name":"Logistic regression","level":2,"score":0.575396716594696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777975735","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q130971","display_name":"Mycobacterium tuberculosis","level":3,"score":0.5733333826065063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.49498432874679565},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99454951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932068","display_name":"Environmental health","level":1,"score":0.4932560324668884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3018038924","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1189184","display_name":"Tuberculosis control","level":3,"score":0.4668816924095154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.4327145516872406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27415008","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7256382","display_name":"Psychological intervention","level":2,"score":0.4315215051174164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110121322","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q865811","display_name":"Distribution (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.42261356115341187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22467394","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q849359","display_name":"Multidisciplinary approach","level":2,"score":0.4114646315574646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58640448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42515","display_name":"Cartography","level":1,"score":0.3299824595451355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.16544505953788757},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.08311545848846436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36289849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749","display_name":"Social science","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/diagnostics13203163","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics13203163","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics13203163","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4418/13/20/3163/pdf?version=1696921099","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210172076","display_name":"Diagnostics","issn_l":"2075-4418","issn":["2075-4418"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Diagnostics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:10606157","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/10606157","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10606157/pdf/diagnostics-13-03163.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Diagnostics (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:37891984","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37891984","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:researchonline.lshtm.ac.uk:4680352","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6573-9525>;","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402527","display_name":"LSHTM Research Online (London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210089966","host_organization_name":"London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210089966"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:80924c23730e464b86fa27f93cd4fdf4","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/80924c23730e464b86fa27f93cd4fdf4","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Diagnostics, Vol 13, Iss 20, p 3163 (2023)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/diagnostics13203163","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics13203163","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics13203163","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4418/13/20/3163/pdf?version=1696921099","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210172076","display_name":"Diagnostics","issn_l":"2075-4418","issn":["2075-4418"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Diagnostics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.98580002784729}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Observational Study","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G122311201","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"R21AI116015","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320672","funder_display_name":"South African Medical Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2419306325","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"R01AI152126","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320672","funder_display_name":"South African Medical Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4475588854","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"#015NEWTON TB","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320672","funder_display_name":"South African Medical Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6605269336","display_name":"Combining Xpert and GIS to identify areas of high tuberculosis transmission","funder_award_id":"R21AI116015","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337355","funder_display_name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6663121192","display_name":"Evaluating the tuberculosis epidemic in South Africa using a novel ten-year cohort","funder_award_id":"R01AI152126","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337355","funder_display_name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320672","display_name":"South African Medical Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/05q60vz69"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337355","display_name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","ror":"https://ror.org/043z4tv69"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4387498488.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4387498488.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":48,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1755249284","https://openalex.org/W2018083981","https://openalex.org/W2025415062","https://openalex.org/W2033084566","https://openalex.org/W2051709584","https://openalex.org/W2056780042","https://openalex.org/W2075037591","https://openalex.org/W2100130885","https://openalex.org/W2109751189","https://openalex.org/W2111858274","https://openalex.org/W2134732827","https://openalex.org/W2136283090","https://openalex.org/W2163963318","https://openalex.org/W2167988552","https://openalex.org/W2281655538","https://openalex.org/W2305153653","https://openalex.org/W2337693444","https://openalex.org/W2424294465","https://openalex.org/W2495427592","https://openalex.org/W2518656621","https://openalex.org/W2538358090","https://openalex.org/W2577692590","https://openalex.org/W2586868702","https://openalex.org/W2606291098","https://openalex.org/W2760263671","https://openalex.org/W2788577617","https://openalex.org/W2788771178","https://openalex.org/W2805523735","https://openalex.org/W2888434635","https://openalex.org/W2898696130","https://openalex.org/W2898861634","https://openalex.org/W2905864541","https://openalex.org/W2973371328","https://openalex.org/W2973620126","https://openalex.org/W3008017775","https://openalex.org/W3013140369","https://openalex.org/W3157891516","https://openalex.org/W3165446115","https://openalex.org/W4200372893","https://openalex.org/W4211028740","https://openalex.org/W4224279158","https://openalex.org/W4226328911","https://openalex.org/W4245198606","https://openalex.org/W4283701224","https://openalex.org/W4302545326","https://openalex.org/W4382751382","https://openalex.org/W4384524954","https://openalex.org/W4385445303"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W574650281","https://openalex.org/W2888434635","https://openalex.org/W4387782320","https://openalex.org/W6948567254","https://openalex.org/W3199513619","https://openalex.org/W2808662552","https://openalex.org/W4387387090","https://openalex.org/W7034761219","https://openalex.org/W2400173165","https://openalex.org/W3183959378"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"An":[0],"investigation":[1],"was":[2,26,98,111,119],"carried":[3],"out":[4],"to":[5,27,100,113,148],"examine":[6],"the":[7,29,39,49,70,80,87,124,152,158],"use":[8],"of":[9,31,52,62,79,126,142,160],"national":[10],"Xpert":[11],"MTB/RIF":[12,19],"data":[13,162],"(2013\u20132017)":[14],"and":[15,56,67,72,90,128,140],"GIS":[16,170],"technology":[17,171],"for":[18,35,172],"surveillance":[20,37,174],"in":[21,123,167,175,184],"South":[22,131,176],"Africa.":[23,132,177],"The":[24,41,59,75,133],"aim":[25],"exhibit":[28],"potential":[30,159],"using":[32,86,161],"molecular":[33,165],"diagnostics":[34,166],"TB":[36],"across":[38,82,130],"country.":[40],"variables":[42,64],"analysed":[43],"include":[44],"Mycobacterium":[45],"tuberculosis":[46],"(Mtb)":[47],"positivity,":[48],"mycobacterial":[50,107,153],"proportion":[51],"rifampicin-resistant":[53],"Mtb":[54,127,173,188],"(RIF),":[55],"probe":[57],"frequency.":[58],"summary":[60],"statistics":[61],"these":[63],"were":[65,84,146],"generated":[66,163],"aggregated":[68],"at":[69],"facility":[71],"municipal":[73],"level.":[74],"spatial":[76,121],"distribution":[77,125],"patterns":[78],"indicators":[81],"municipalities":[83],"determined":[85],"Moran\u2019s":[88],"I":[89],"Getis":[91],"Ord":[92],"(Gi)":[93],"statistics.":[94],"A":[95],"case-control":[96],"study":[97,156],"conducted":[99],"investigate":[101],"factors":[102],"associated":[103,150],"with":[104,151,169],"a":[105],"high":[106],"load.":[108,154],"Logistic":[109],"regression":[110],"used":[112],"analyse":[114],"this":[115],"study\u2019s":[116],"results.":[117],"There":[118],"striking":[120],"heterogeneity":[122],"RIF":[129],"median":[134],"patient":[135],"age,":[136],"urban":[137],"setting":[138],"classification,":[139],"number":[141],"health":[143],"care":[144],"workers":[145],"found":[147],"be":[149,182],"This":[155],"illustrates":[157],"from":[164],"combination":[168],"Spatially":[178],"targeted":[179],"interventions":[180],"can":[181],"implemented":[183],"areas":[185],"where":[186],"high-burden":[187],"persists.":[189]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-10-29T09:56:32.521200","created_date":"2023-10-11T00:00:00"}
