{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4387429600","doi":"https://doi.org/10.47391/jpma.iq-01","title":"Correlation between Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin and \u00df2-Microglobulin with serum protein electrophoresis in multiple myeloma patients","display_name":"Correlation between Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin and \u00df2-Microglobulin with serum protein electrophoresis in multiple myeloma patients","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-10-06","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4387429600","doi":"https://doi.org/10.47391/jpma.iq-01"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.47391/jpma.iq-01","doi":"https://doi.org/10.47391/jpma.iq-01","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.47391/jpma.iq-01","pdf_url":"https://jpma.org.pk/index.php/public_html/article/download/10795/2720","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S26751084","display_name":"Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association","issn_l":"0030-9982","issn":["0030-9982"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["doaj","dongbi-d","medline","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4320800574","host_organization_name":"Pakistan Medical Association","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4320800574"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Pakistan Medical Association"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://jpma.org.pk/index.php/public_html/article/download/10795/2720","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070821061","display_name":"Inas Nazeeh Abed","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Inas Nazeeh Abed","raw_affiliation_strings":["Medical Laboratory Technologist, Baghdad Teaching Hospital, Baghdad, Iraq"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Medical Laboratory Technologist, Baghdad Teaching Hospital, Baghdad, Iraq","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076096039","display_name":"Hiba Abid Al-Hussein Hassan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3615-2378","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3615-2378"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210115078","display_name":"Middle Technical University","ror":"https://ror.org/02fvkg758","country_code":"IQ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210115078"]}],"countries":["IQ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hiba Abid Al-Hussein Hassan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Medical Laboratory Science Technology, Middle Technical University, Baghdad, Iraq"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medical Laboratory Science Technology, Middle Technical University, Baghdad, Iraq","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210115078"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110797814","display_name":"Usama Salman. Al timari","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210090457","display_name":"Al-Nisour University","ror":"https://ror.org/0183g0e10","country_code":"IQ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210090457"]}],"countries":["IQ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Usama Salman Al Timari","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Al Nisour University College, Baghdad, Iraq"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Al Nisour University College, Baghdad, Iraq","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210090457"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":650,"currency":"USD","value_usd":650},"apc_paid":{"value":650,"currency":"USD","value_usd":650},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"73","issue":"9","first_page":"S3","last_page":"S8"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10649","display_name":"Multiple Myeloma Research and Treatments","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2720","display_name":"Hematology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10649","display_name":"Multiple Myeloma Research and Treatments","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2720","display_name":"Hematology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10684","display_name":"Acute Kidney Injury Research","score":0.00039999998989515007,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2727","display_name":"Nephrology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10408","display_name":"Chronic Kidney Disease and Diabetes","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2727","display_name":"Nephrology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neutrophil-gelatinase-associated-lipocalin","display_name":"neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin","score":0.9700000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beta2-microglobulin","display_name":"beta2-microglobulin","score":0.9909999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multiple-myeloma","display_name":"multiple myeloma","score":0.9950000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/serum-protein-electrophoresis","display_name":"serum protein electrophoresis","score":0.9480000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acute-kidney-injury","display_name":"acute kidney injury","score":0.9359999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kidney-injury-biomarkers","display_name":"kidney injury biomarkers","score":0.8840000033378601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/serum-creatinine-and-urea","display_name":"serum urea and creatinine","score":0.7879999876022339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/globulin-fractions","display_name":"globulin fractions","score":0.5580000281333923}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.8700280785560608},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21957315","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q287896","display_name":"Beta-2 microglobulin","level":2,"score":0.8325357437133789},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776364478","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q467635","display_name":"Multiple myeloma","level":2,"score":0.7999067306518555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780306776","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q426660","display_name":"Creatinine","level":2,"score":0.7697835564613342},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C20299238","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q363928","display_name":"Lipocalin","level":2,"score":0.7315284013748169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90924648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q120569","display_name":"Gastroenterology","level":1,"score":0.621189534664154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.6115883588790894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776232661","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5530373","display_name":"Gelatinase","level":3,"score":0.5019547939300537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81358767","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q321710","display_name":"Globulin","level":2,"score":0.47745612263679504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2909801038","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18028489","display_name":"Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin","level":3,"score":0.47681257128715515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776855637","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10633013","display_name":"Serum protein electrophoresis","level":5,"score":0.4294625520706177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203014093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929","display_name":"Immunology","level":1,"score":0.30697545409202576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159654299","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79460","display_name":"Antibody","level":2,"score":0.07203248143196106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109523444","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q424216","display_name":"Matrix metalloproteinase","level":2,"score":0.045284152030944824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163864487","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6901461","display_name":"Monoclonal","level":4,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C542903549","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q422248","display_name":"Monoclonal antibody","level":3,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.47391/jpma.iq-01","doi":"https://doi.org/10.47391/jpma.iq-01","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.47391/jpma.iq-01","pdf_url":"https://jpma.org.pk/index.php/public_html/article/download/10795/2720","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S26751084","display_name":"Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association","issn_l":"0030-9982","issn":["0030-9982"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["doaj","dongbi-d","medline","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4320800574","host_organization_name":"Pakistan Medical Association","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4320800574"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Pakistan Medical Association"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.47391/jpma.iq-01","doi":"https://doi.org/10.47391/jpma.iq-01","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.47391/jpma.iq-01","pdf_url":"https://jpma.org.pk/index.php/public_html/article/download/10795/2720","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S26751084","display_name":"Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association","issn_l":"0030-9982","issn":["0030-9982"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["doaj","dongbi-d","medline","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4320800574","host_organization_name":"Pakistan Medical Association","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4320800574"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Pakistan Medical Association"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":1.0,"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Observational Study","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4387429600.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4387429600.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":19,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2002929279","https://openalex.org/W2007195644","https://openalex.org/W2058381071","https://openalex.org/W2080849387","https://openalex.org/W2093917807","https://openalex.org/W2140347434","https://openalex.org/W2149842033","https://openalex.org/W2149948764","https://openalex.org/W2161771249","https://openalex.org/W2267250079","https://openalex.org/W2308917761","https://openalex.org/W2887394853","https://openalex.org/W2941470578","https://openalex.org/W3013419807","https://openalex.org/W3047884899","https://openalex.org/W3107284493","https://openalex.org/W3112915674","https://openalex.org/W3161633928","https://openalex.org/W4200358355"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4361761539","https://openalex.org/W4403224729","https://openalex.org/W2546924724","https://openalex.org/W2137488058","https://openalex.org/W7027909454","https://openalex.org/W7213305448","https://openalex.org/W7120119339","https://openalex.org/W2062798721","https://openalex.org/W1973956809","https://openalex.org/W7134825634"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Objective:":[0],"To":[1],"find":[2],"the":[3,96,105,186],"correlation":[4],"between":[5],"neutrophil":[6,165,173],"gelatinase-associated":[7,79,166,174],"lipocalin":[8,80,167,175],"and":[9,53,68,73,81,116,134,151,172,183],"beta2-microglobulin":[10,82],"inpatients":[11],"with":[12,48,63,108],"multiple":[13,43,58,193],"myeloma.Method:":[14],"The":[15],"case-control":[16],"study":[17],"was":[18,90,145,155],"conducted":[19],"from":[20,28],"November":[21],"2021":[22],"to":[23],"March":[24],"2022,":[25],"after":[26],"approval":[27],"ethics":[29],"reviewcommittees":[30],"of":[31,45,51,66,104,188],"three":[32],"major":[33],"medical":[34],"establishments":[35],"in":[36,55,70,76,102,124,131,147,168,185,192],"Baghdad,":[37],"Iraq.":[38],"There":[39],"were":[40,83,100,176],"randomly":[41],"selected":[42],"myelomapatients":[44],"either":[46],"gender":[47,62],"normal":[49],"concentration":[50,65],"urea":[52,67,182],"creatinine":[54,69,184],"group":[56,71,77,110,125,138],"A,":[57],"myeloma":[59,169,194],"patients":[60,127],"ofeither":[61],"increased":[64],"B":[72,139],"healthy":[74],"controls":[75],"C.Neutrophil":[78],"assessed":[84],"using":[85,92],"enzyme-linkedimmunosorbent":[86],"assay":[87],"technique.":[88],"Data":[89],"analysed":[91],"SPSS":[93],"26.Results:":[94],"Of":[95],"180":[97],"subjects,":[98],"there":[99],"60(33.3%)":[101],"each":[103,109],"3":[106],"groups,":[107],"having":[111],"40(66.5%)":[112],"malesand":[113],"20(33.3%)":[114],"females,":[115],"overall":[117],"age":[118],"ranging":[119],"40-79":[120],"years.":[121],"Protein":[122],"electrophoresis":[123],"A":[126],"wassignificantly":[128],"higher":[129],"(p=0.001)":[130,144],"alpha1,":[132,148],"beta":[133,150],"gamma":[135,152],"globulin.":[136,153],"Among":[137],"patients,":[140],"a":[141,156],"highly":[142],"significantincrease":[143],"noted":[146],"alpha2,":[149],"Beta2-microglobulin":[154,171],"more":[157,178],"sensitiveand":[158],"specific":[159],"marker":[160],"for":[161],"renal":[162],"injury":[163,191],"than":[164],"patients(p<0.05).Conclusion:":[170],"both":[177],"sensitive":[179],"markersthan":[180],"serum":[181],"diagnosis":[187],"acute":[189],"kidney":[190],"patients.Keywords:":[195],"Lipocalin,":[196],"Creatinine,":[197],"Multiple":[198],"myeloma,":[199],"Microglobulin,":[200],"Urea,":[201],"Electrophoresis,":[202],"Globulins,":[203],"Albumins,Enzyme,":[204],"Immunosorbent":[205],"assay,":[206],"Kidney":[207],"injury.":[208]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-13T13:42:25.865203","created_date":"2023-10-08T00:00:00"}
