{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4387396997","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1097/acm.0000000000005471","title":"Designing a Situational Judgment Test for Use in Medical School Admissions","display_name":"Designing a Situational Judgment Test for Use in Medical School Admissions","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-10-06","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4387396997","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1097/acm.0000000000005471","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37801603"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1097/acm.0000000000005471","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1097/acm.0000000000005471","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1097/acm.0000000000005471","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S19793444","display_name":"Academic Medicine","issn_l":"1040-2446","issn":["1040-2446","1938-808X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315671","host_organization_name":"Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315671","https://openalex.org/P4310318547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","Wolters Kluwer"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Academic Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059613852","display_name":"Linda Berardi-Demo","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Linda Berardi-Demo","raw_affiliation_strings":["is executive vice president, Student Support, R3 Education Inc., Devens, Massachusetts L. Berardi-Demo ; l.berardidemo@r3education.com","L. Berardi-Demois executive vice president, Student Support, R3 Education Inc., Devens, Massachusetts"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"is executive vice president, Student Support, R3 Education Inc., Devens, Massachusetts L. Berardi-Demo ; l.berardidemo@r3education.com","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"L. Berardi-Demois executive vice president, Student Support, R3 Education Inc., Devens, Massachusetts","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003227483","display_name":"Tara Cunningham","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98704320","display_name":"Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai","ror":"https://ror.org/04a9tmd77","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1320796813","https://openalex.org/I98704320"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tara Cunningham","raw_affiliation_strings":["is senior associate dean of student affairs and associate professor, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York T. Cunningham ; tara.cunningham@mssm.edu","T. Cunninghamis senior associate dean of student affairs and associate professor, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"is senior associate dean of student affairs and associate professor, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York T. Cunningham ; tara.cunningham@mssm.edu","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98704320"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"T. Cunninghamis senior associate dean of student affairs and associate professor, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98704320"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021769136","display_name":"Dana M. Dunleavy","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-1031-887X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0004-1031-887X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1318720529","display_name":"Association of American Medical Colleges","ror":"https://ror.org/04q6cg820","country_code":"US","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1318720529"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Dana M Dunleavy","raw_affiliation_strings":["is senior director, Admissions and Selection Research and Development, Association of American Medical Colleges, Washington, DC D.M. Dunleavy","D.M. Dunleavyis senior director, Admissions and Selection Research and Development, Association of American Medical Colleges, Washington, DC"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"is senior director, Admissions and Selection Research and Development, Association of American Medical Colleges, Washington, DC D.M. Dunleavy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1318720529"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"D.M. Dunleavyis senior director, Admissions and Selection Research and Development, Association of American Medical Colleges, Washington, DC","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1318720529"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076536270","display_name":"Stephanie C. McClure","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I47500176","display_name":"Belmont University","ror":"https://ror.org/033vjpd42","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I47500176"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Stephanie C McClure","raw_affiliation_strings":["is founding associate dean for faculty and academic affairs and professor of internal medicine and geriatrics, Thomas F. Frist, Jr. College of Medicine, Belmont University, Nashville, Tennessee S.C. McClure ; stephanie.mcclure@belmont.edu","S.C. McClureis founding associate dean for faculty and academic affairs and professor of internal medicine and geriatrics, Thomas F. Frist, Jr. College of Medicine, Belmont University, Nashville, Tennessee"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"is founding associate dean for faculty and academic affairs and professor of internal medicine and geriatrics, Thomas F. Frist, Jr. College of Medicine, Belmont University, Nashville, Tennessee S.C. McClure ; stephanie.mcclure@belmont.edu","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47500176"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"S.C. McClureis founding associate dean for faculty and academic affairs and professor of internal medicine and geriatrics, Thomas F. Frist, Jr. College of Medicine, Belmont University, Nashville, Tennessee","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47500176"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059288144","display_name":"BOYD F. RICHARDS","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1864-7238","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1864-7238"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I223532165","display_name":"University of Utah","ror":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I223532165"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Boyd F Richards","raw_affiliation_strings":["is director, Educational Research and Scholarship, and professor of pediatrics, Spencer Fox Eccles School of Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah B.F. Richards ; boyd.richards@hsc.utah.edu","B.F. Richardsis director, Educational Research and Scholarship, and professor of pediatrics, Spencer Fox Eccles School of Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"is director, Educational Research and Scholarship, and professor of pediatrics, Spencer Fox Eccles School of Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah B.F. Richards ; boyd.richards@hsc.utah.edu","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I223532165"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"B.F. Richardsis director, Educational Research and Scholarship, and professor of pediatrics, Spencer Fox Eccles School of Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I223532165"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Carol A Terregino","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102322142","display_name":"Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey","ror":"https://ror.org/05vt9qd57","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102322142"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Carol A Terregino","raw_affiliation_strings":["is senior associate dean for education and academic affairs, associate dean for admissions, and professor of medicine, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, New Jersey C.A. Terregino ; terregca@rwjms.rutgers.edu","L. Berardi-Demois executive vice president, Student Support, R3 Education Inc., Devens, Massachusetts"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"is senior associate dean for education and academic affairs, associate dean for admissions, and professor of medicine, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, New Jersey C.A. Terregino ; terregca@rwjms.rutgers.edu","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102322142"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"L. Berardi-Demois executive vice president, Student Support, R3 Education Inc., Devens, Massachusetts","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5021769136"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1318720529"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.6427,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":16,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95841357,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"99","issue":"2","first_page":"134","last_page":"138"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12602","display_name":"Medical Education and Admissions","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12602","display_name":"Medical Education and Admissions","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10254","display_name":"Innovations in Medical Education","score":0.0019000000320374966,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10843","display_name":"Diversity and Career in Medicine","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3318","display_name":"Gender Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/situational-judgement-test","display_name":"situational judgment tests","score":0.9909999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medical-school-admissions","display_name":"medical school admissions","score":0.9919999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/professional-competence","display_name":"professional competence","score":0.972000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/association-of-american-medical-colleges","display_name":"Association of American Medical Colleges","score":0.753000020980835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/holistic-review","display_name":"holistic review","score":0.9309999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/admissions-testing","display_name":"admissions testing","score":0.3930000066757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/professionalism","display_name":"professionalism","score":0.5139999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/core-competencies","display_name":"core competencies","score":0.6700000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cultural-competence","display_name":"cultural competence","score":0.44600000977516174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/teamwork","display_name":"teamwork","score":0.8679999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ethical-responsibility","display_name":"ethical responsibility","score":0.7749999761581421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resilience","display_name":"resilience","score":0.5370000004768372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/candidate-screening","display_name":"applicant screening","score":0.37400001287460327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/residency-selection","display_name":"residency selection","score":0.453000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/international-medical-graduates","display_name":"international medical graduates","score":0.6909999847412109}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C509550671","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126945","display_name":"Medical education","level":1,"score":0.6607760787010193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100521375","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2015382","display_name":"Competence (human resources)","level":2,"score":0.5368941426277161},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.5164247155189514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.4996769428253174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779767262","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5592059","display_name":"Graduate medical education","level":3,"score":0.42999377846717834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.4276219606399536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51067260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q828812","display_name":"Professional development","level":2,"score":0.42525532841682434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777267654","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3519023","display_name":"Test (biology)","level":2,"score":0.4217067360877991},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61521584","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q705899","display_name":"Accreditation","level":2,"score":0.16876474022865295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.11483711004257202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007600","descriptor_name":"Judgment","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012570","descriptor_name":"School Admission Criteria","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012577","descriptor_name":"Schools, Medical","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012919","descriptor_name":"Social Behavior","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015203","descriptor_name":"Reproducibility of Results","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1097/acm.0000000000005471","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1097/acm.0000000000005471","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1097/acm.0000000000005471","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S19793444","display_name":"Academic Medicine","issn_l":"1040-2446","issn":["1040-2446","1938-808X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315671","host_organization_name":"Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315671","https://openalex.org/P4310318547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","Wolters Kluwer"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Academic Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:37801603","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37801603","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Academic medicine : journal of the Association of American Medical Colleges","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Quality education","score":0.6164000034332275,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"},{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.428600013256073,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":22,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1969089620","https://openalex.org/W1972338932","https://openalex.org/W1984560729","https://openalex.org/W2025239966","https://openalex.org/W2064005130","https://openalex.org/W2070760123","https://openalex.org/W2098045199","https://openalex.org/W2113111533","https://openalex.org/W2114067207","https://openalex.org/W2116543427","https://openalex.org/W2127559536","https://openalex.org/W2131251960","https://openalex.org/W2133732759","https://openalex.org/W2146790495","https://openalex.org/W2172056838","https://openalex.org/W2549147689","https://openalex.org/W2599819521","https://openalex.org/W2801271640","https://openalex.org/W3023157758","https://openalex.org/W3162715836","https://openalex.org/W4281482452","https://openalex.org/W4388801428"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4388801428","https://openalex.org/W7203755897","https://openalex.org/W4405396377","https://openalex.org/W6921065383","https://openalex.org/W4412789253","https://openalex.org/W3027279428","https://openalex.org/W2587619528","https://openalex.org/W2095917682","https://openalex.org/W2589690694","https://openalex.org/W1840711556"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"ABSTRACT:":[0],"It":[1],"has":[2,55],"long":[3],"been":[4,57],"acknowledged":[5],"that":[6,194,216],"professional":[7,34,166,228],"competencies":[8,108,229],"are":[9,197],"required":[10],"for":[11,83,109,135,142,145,220,231,269,280,290],"success":[12,232],"in":[13,85,147,155,159,175,233,244,271],"medical":[14,19,25,86,111,148,156,187,234],"school,":[15,157],"residency":[16,190],"training,":[17],"and":[18,69,101,125,128,131,133,168,189,203,251,275,288],"practice.":[20],"Over":[21],"the":[22,52,63,66,72,106,140,143,160,169,184,208,218,222,227,259,267,278,286],"last":[23],"decade,":[24],"schools":[26],"have":[27],"begun":[28],"to":[29,42,94,105,123,207,257,273],"introduce":[30],"standardized":[31],"assessments":[32],"of":[33,51,71,74,99,171,255,262],"competencies,":[35,45,167],"but":[36],"many":[37],"still":[38],"rely":[39],"on":[40],"interviews":[41],"assess":[43,95,226],"these":[44],"which":[46],"occur":[47],"after":[48],"about":[49,165],"half":[50],"applicant":[53],"pool":[54],"already":[56],"screened":[58],"out.":[59],"In":[60],"this":[61],"article,":[62],"authors":[64,138,212],"discuss":[65,213],"development,":[67],"evaluation,":[68],"launch":[70],"Association":[73],"American":[75],"Medical":[76],"Colleges":[77],"(AAMC)":[78],"situational":[79],"judgment":[80],"test":[81],"(SJT)":[82],"use":[84,261],"school":[87,149,235],"admissions.":[88],"The":[89,137,211],"AAMC":[90,223],"SJT":[91,195,263],"is":[92],"designed":[93],"an":[96],"examinee's":[97],"understanding":[98],"effective":[100],"ineffective":[102],"behaviors":[103],"related":[104],"core":[107],"entering":[110],"students,":[112],"including":[113],"service":[114],"orientation,":[115],"social":[116],"skills,":[117],"cultural":[118],"competence,":[119],"teamwork,":[120],"ethical":[121],"responsibility":[122],"self":[124],"others,":[126],"reliability":[127],"dependability,":[129],"resilience":[130],"adaptability,":[132],"capacity":[134],"improvement.":[136],"evaluate":[139],"evidence":[141],"need":[144,268,279],"SJTs":[146],"admissions":[150,161,209,247],"by":[151],"exploring":[152],"common":[153],"derailers":[154],"gaps":[158],"process":[162],"regarding":[163],"information":[164],"challenge":[170],"conducting":[172],"holistic":[173,242],"review":[174,243],"a":[176,237,245,253,281],"high-volume":[177,246],"context.":[178],"They":[179],"summarize":[180],"existing":[181],"research":[182,256],"from":[183],"employment,":[185],"international":[186],"education,":[188],"selection":[191],"contexts":[192],"suggesting":[193],"scores":[196],"positively":[198],"associated":[199],"with":[200,284],"subsequent":[201],"performance":[202],"may":[204],"add":[205],"value":[206],"process.":[210],"5":[214],"goals":[215],"were":[217],"foundation":[219],"developing":[221],"SJT:":[224],"(1)":[225],"needed":[230],"using":[236],"proven":[238],"method,":[239],"(2)":[240],"enable":[241],"context,":[248],"(3)":[249],"create":[250],"share":[252],"program":[254],"support":[258],"appropriate":[260],"scores,":[264],"(4)":[265],"signal":[266],"preparation":[270],"professionalism":[272],"learners,":[274],"(5)":[276],"balance":[277],"new":[282],"assessment":[283],"minimizing":[285],"burden":[287],"risk":[289],"applicants.":[291]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2023-10-07T00:00:00"}
