{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4387391981","doi":null,"title":"Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Inflammatory Bowel Disease.","display_name":"Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Inflammatory Bowel Disease.","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-05-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4387391981","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37799459","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/10548245"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:10548245","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/10548245","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10548245/pdf/GH_19_5_281.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Gastroenterol Hepatol (N Y)","raw_type":"Text"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10548245/pdf/GH_19_5_281.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036543584","display_name":"Marie L. Borum","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5328-1991","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5328-1991"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I193531525","display_name":"George Washington University","ror":"https://ror.org/00y4zzh67","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193531525"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Marie L Borum","raw_affiliation_strings":["Professor of Medicine Director, Division of Gastroenterology and Liver Disease George Washington University Washington, DC"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Professor of Medicine Director, Division of Gastroenterology and Liver Disease George Washington University Washington, DC","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193531525"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5036543584"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193531525"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.6303,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":9,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.82258602,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"19","issue":"5","first_page":"281","last_page":"283"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10134","display_name":"Inflammatory Bowel Disease","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2715","display_name":"Gastroenterology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10134","display_name":"Inflammatory Bowel Disease","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2715","display_name":"Gastroenterology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11194","display_name":"Ocular Diseases and Beh\u00e7et\u2019s Syndrome","score":0.0003000000142492354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2731","display_name":"Ophthalmology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10552","display_name":"Colorectal Cancer Screening and Detection","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2730","display_name":"Oncology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inflammatory-bowel-disease","display_name":"inflammatory bowel disease","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/racial-disparities","display_name":"racial disparities","score":0.9279999732971191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ethnic-disparities","display_name":"ethnic disparities","score":0.996999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/prevalence","display_name":"prevalence","score":0.7570000290870667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/incidence","display_name":"incidence","score":0.8519999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/non-hispanic-blacks","display_name":"non-Hispanic blacks","score":0.8270000219345093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/non-white-populations","display_name":"non-white populations","score":0.7940000295639038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/temporal-trends-in-disease-incidence","display_name":"temporal trends in disease incidence","score":0.44200000166893005}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778260677","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q917447","display_name":"Inflammatory bowel disease","level":3,"score":0.7858744859695435},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137403100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41710","display_name":"Ethnic group","level":2,"score":0.6748195886611938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.4921490550041199},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779134260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136","display_name":"Disease","level":2,"score":0.49039173126220703},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90924648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q120569","display_name":"Gastroenterology","level":1,"score":0.37752994894981384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.3539723753929138},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.11184737086296082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19165224","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23404","display_name":"Anthropology","level":1,"score":0.08499094843864441}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:10548245","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/10548245","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10548245/pdf/GH_19_5_281.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Gastroenterol Hepatol (N Y)","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:37799459","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37799459","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Gastroenterology & hepatology","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:10548245","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/10548245","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10548245/pdf/GH_19_5_281.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Gastroenterol Hepatol (N Y)","raw_type":"Text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.9940000176429749},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","display_name":"Reduced inequalities","score":0.7578999996185303}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4387391981.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4387391981.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":15,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1987693123","https://openalex.org/W1993803626","https://openalex.org/W2011444977","https://openalex.org/W2019617095","https://openalex.org/W2082169396","https://openalex.org/W2139242209","https://openalex.org/W2539630895","https://openalex.org/W2592762129","https://openalex.org/W2624111064","https://openalex.org/W2752560504","https://openalex.org/W2801602793","https://openalex.org/W2804654634","https://openalex.org/W2912561755","https://openalex.org/W3111176686","https://openalex.org/W3200362012"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2912561755","https://openalex.org/W3093868904","https://openalex.org/W2105796913","https://openalex.org/W7111144238","https://openalex.org/W4384938926","https://openalex.org/W2922166358","https://openalex.org/W2922468759","https://openalex.org/W2043989841","https://openalex.org/W3200362012","https://openalex.org/W7167825457"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"D":[0],"i":[1],"s":[2,5],"e":[3],"a":[4,101,133],"eRacial":[6],"and":[7,19,28,30,37,82,106,123,130,150,166,176,184,191,199,201,204,212,228],"Ethnic":[8],"Disparities":[9],"in":[10,163,171,182,225,231],"Inflammatory":[11],"Bowel":[12],"Disease":[13],"G&H":[14],"What":[15],"are":[16],"the":[17,56,90,110,217],"prevalence":[18,36,74,112],"incidence":[20,38,154,178,218],"rates":[21,39,179],"of":[22,40,76,114,136,139,156,180,220],"inflammatory":[23,41],"bowel":[24,42],"disease":[25,43],"by":[26,223,229],"race":[27],"ethnicity,":[29],"how":[31],"have":[32,45],"they":[33],"changed?":[34],"MBThe":[35],"(IBD)":[44],"increased":[46,116,188,222],"significantly":[47],"during":[48],"recent":[49],"decades":[50],"among":[51,78,84,119,125],"non-White":[52,172,185,232],"individuals.Data":[53],"extracted":[54],"from":[55],"1999":[57],"National":[58,92],"Health":[59,93],"Interview":[60,94],"Survey,":[61,95],"which":[62,96],"included":[63,97],"30,801":[64],"adults":[65,99],"with":[66,100,146],"an":[67,72],"87.6%":[68],"response":[69,103],"rate,":[70,104],"estimated":[71],"IBD":[73,115,147,157,181,221],"rate":[75,113,155,219],"1.0%":[77],"non-Hispanic":[79,85,120,126],"White":[80,121,164,183,226],"individuals":[81,122],"0.32%":[83],"Black":[86,127],"individuals.":[87],"1":[88],"In":[89],"2015":[91],"33,673":[98],"55.2%":[102],"Dahlhamer":[105],"colleagues":[107,131],"found":[108],"that":[109,216],"age-adjusted":[111],"to":[117,189,202],"1.4%":[118],"0.5%":[124],"individuals.2":[128],"Aniwan":[129],"evaluated":[132],"population-based":[134],"cohort":[135],"814":[137],"residents":[138],"Olmsted":[140],"County,":[141],"Minnesota":[142],"who":[143],"were":[144],"diagnosed":[145],"between":[148,174,197,210],"1970":[149,175],"2010.3":[151],"The":[152],"adjusted":[153],"was":[158],"18":[159],"per":[160,168,193,206],"100,000":[161,169,194,207],"person-years":[162,170],"patients":[165,173,186,227],"6.4":[167],"1984.The":[177],"subsequently":[187],"21":[190],"9.3":[192],"person-years,":[195,208],"respectively,":[196,209],"1985":[198],"1999,":[200],"25":[203],"15":[205],"2000":[211],"2010.The":[213],"authors":[214],"determined":[215],"39%":[224],"134%":[230],"patients.":[233]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-11-10T11:39:43.021295","created_date":"2023-10-07T00:00:00"}