{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4387229337","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4057/jsr.73.154","title":"When was Racial Discrimination a Problem?","display_name":"When was Racial Discrimination a Problem?","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4387229337","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4057/jsr.73.154"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.4057/jsr.73.154","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4057/jsr.73.154","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.4057/jsr.73.154","pdf_url":"https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/jsr/73/2/73_154/_pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S144402922","display_name":"Japanese Sociological Review","issn_l":"0021-5414","issn":["0021-5414","1884-2755"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4320800772","host_organization_name":"Japan Sociological Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4320800772"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Japan Sociological Society"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Japanese Sociological Review","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/jsr/73/2/73_154/_pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5092559131","display_name":"Yu-Anis Aruga","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8873-9197","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8873-9197"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205924995","display_name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","ror":"https://ror.org/00hhkn466","country_code":"JP","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1319490839","https://openalex.org/I205924995"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74801974","display_name":"The University of Tokyo","ror":"https://ror.org/057zh3y96","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74801974"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yu-Anis ARUGA","raw_affiliation_strings":["Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Information Studies, University of Tokyo","Japan Society for the Promotion of Science"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Information Studies, University of Tokyo","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74801974"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205924995"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5092559131"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205924995","https://openalex.org/I74801974"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.26884156,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"73","issue":"2","first_page":"154","last_page":"171"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11198","display_name":"Japanese History and Culture","score":0.9057999849319458,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3316","display_name":"Cultural Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11198","display_name":"Japanese History and Culture","score":0.9057999849319458,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3316","display_name":"Cultural Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10652","display_name":"Racial and Ethnic Identity Research","score":0.019300000742077827,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10216","display_name":"Migration, Refugees, and Integration","score":0.018400000408291817,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/racial-discrimination","display_name":"racial discrimination","score":0.9430000185966492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mixed-race-children","display_name":"mixed-race children","score":0.8220000267028809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/postwar-japan","display_name":"postwar Japan","score":0.609000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/allied-occupation","display_name":"Allied occupation","score":0.6320000290870667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/us-military-occupation","display_name":"US military occupation","score":0.4560000002384186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/japanese-women","display_name":"Japanese women","score":0.6019999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/racial-identity","display_name":"racial identity","score":0.4359999895095825}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.2721424102783203}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.4057/jsr.73.154","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4057/jsr.73.154","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.4057/jsr.73.154","pdf_url":"https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/jsr/73/2/73_154/_pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S144402922","display_name":"Japanese Sociological Review","issn_l":"0021-5414","issn":["0021-5414","1884-2755"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4320800772","host_organization_name":"Japan Sociological Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4320800772"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Japan Sociological Society"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Japanese Sociological Review","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.4057/jsr.73.154","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4057/jsr.73.154","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.4057/jsr.73.154","pdf_url":"https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/jsr/73/2/73_154/_pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S144402922","display_name":"Japanese Sociological Review","issn_l":"0021-5414","issn":["0021-5414","1884-2755"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4320800772","host_organization_name":"Japan Sociological Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4320800772"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Japan Sociological Society"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Japanese Sociological Review","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.666700005531311,"display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions"},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","score":0.4074000120162964,"display_name":"Reduced inequalities"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4387229337.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4387229337.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":3,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W4206437453","https://openalex.org/W4206906715","https://openalex.org/W4244489114"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4402210626","https://openalex.org/W7143596857","https://openalex.org/W2606345686","https://openalex.org/W2333512721","https://openalex.org/W7144633443","https://openalex.org/W3211941851","https://openalex.org/W643508797","https://openalex.org/W7140150968","https://openalex.org/W823395544","https://openalex.org/W2964942649"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"\u6226\u5f8c\u65e5\u672c\u3067\u306f\u9023\u5408\u8ecd\u306e\u5360\u9818\u3092\u80cc\u666f\u3068\u3057\u3066\u9032\u99d0\u8ecd\u8ecd\u4eba\u30fb\u8ecd\u5c5e\u3068\u65e5\u672c\u4eba\u5973\u6027\u306e\u9593\u306b\u5927\u91cf\u306e\u5b50\u3069\u3082\u304c\u51fa\u751f\u3057\uff0c\u5f7c\u3089\u300c\u6df7\u8840\u5150\u300d\u3092\u3044\u304b\u306b\u51e6\u9047\u3059\u3079\u304d\u304b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u89b3\u70b9\u304b\u3089\u300c\u6df7\u8840\u5150\u554f\u984c\u300d\u304c\u9855\u5728\u5316\u3057\u305f\uff0e\u5148\u884c\u7814\u7a76\u3067\u306f\u65e5\u672c\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u30ec\u30a4\u30b7\u30ba\u30e0\u304c\u9855\u73fe\u3057\u305f\u4e8b\u4f8b\u3068\u3057\u3066\u300c\u6df7\u8840\u5150\u554f\u984c\u300d\u304c\u8003\u5bdf\u3055\u308c\u3066\u304d\u305f\u4e00\u65b9\u3067\uff0c\u300c\u6df7\u8840\u5150\u300d\u306b\u5bfe\u3059\u308b\u4eba\u7a2e\u5dee\u5225\u3092\u554f\u984c\u3068\u3057\u3066\u7406\u89e3\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u81ea\u4f53\u304c\u3044\u304b\u306b\u3057\u3066\uff08\u4e0d\uff09\u53ef\u80fd\u306b\u306a\u3063\u3066\u3044\u305f\u306e\u304b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u70b9\u306f\u898b\u843d\u3068\u3055\u308c\u3066\u304d\u305f\uff0e":[0]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-09-05T08:02:43.246662","created_date":"2023-10-02T00:00:00"}