{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4387024052","doi":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ijecc/2023/v13i103071","title":"Study of Nitrogen Rates and Nano Urea Effects on Physiological Parameters and Yield of Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.)","display_name":"Study of Nitrogen Rates and Nano Urea Effects on Physiological Parameters and Yield of Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.)","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-09-25","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4387024052","doi":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ijecc/2023/v13i103071"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.9734/ijecc/2023/v13i103071","doi":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ijecc/2023/v13i103071","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ijecc/2023/v13i103071","pdf_url":"https://journalijecc.com/index.php/IJECC/article/download/3071/6050","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210233270","display_name":"International Journal of Environment and Climate Change","issn_l":"2581-8627","issn":["2581-8627"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320855","host_organization_name":"Sciencedomain International","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320855"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Sciencedomain International"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Environment and Climate Change","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://journalijecc.com/index.php/IJECC/article/download/3071/6050","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082784541","display_name":"P. Gayathri","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Peddinti Anu Gayathri","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Plant Physiology, Vasantrao Naik Marathwada Krishi Vidyapeeth, Parbhani, Maharashtra, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Plant Physiology, Vasantrao Naik Marathwada Krishi Vidyapeeth, Parbhani, Maharashtra, India","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111135665","display_name":"S B GHUGE","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I120386524","display_name":"Marathwada Agricultural University","ror":"https://ror.org/03y2k8882","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I120386524"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S. B. Ghuge","raw_affiliation_strings":["AICRP on Safflower, Department of Agricultural Botany, Vasantrao Naik Marathwada Krishi Vidyapeeth, Parbhani, Maharashtra, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"AICRP on Safflower, Department of Agricultural Botany, Vasantrao Naik Marathwada Krishi Vidyapeeth, Parbhani, Maharashtra, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I120386524"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024445070","display_name":"S A SHINDE","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I120386524","display_name":"Marathwada Agricultural University","ror":"https://ror.org/03y2k8882","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I120386524"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S. A. Shinde","raw_affiliation_strings":["AICRP on Safflower, Department of Agronomy, Vasantrao Naik Marathwada Krishi Vidyapeeth, Parbhani, Maharashtra, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"AICRP on Safflower, Department of Agronomy, Vasantrao Naik Marathwada Krishi Vidyapeeth, Parbhani, Maharashtra, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I120386524"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108865904","display_name":"Sirimalle Mahesh","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210128752","display_name":"Sri Karan Narendra Agriculture University, Jobner","ror":"https://ror.org/03ag2mf63","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210128752"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sirimalle Mahesh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Soil Science and Agricultural chemistry, Sri Karan Narendra Agriculture University, Jobner, Rajasthan, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Soil Science and Agricultural chemistry, Sri Karan Narendra Agriculture University, Jobner, Rajasthan, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210128752"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5114130452","display_name":"Ashwini Vilas Pawar","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ashwini Vilas Pawar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Plant Physiology, Vasantrao Naik Marathwada Krishi Vidyapeeth, Parbhani, Maharashtra, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Plant Physiology, Vasantrao Naik Marathwada Krishi Vidyapeeth, Parbhani, Maharashtra, India","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.277,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.47427857,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":"10","first_page":"3974","last_page":"3981"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12742","display_name":"Sunflower and Safflower Cultivation","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12742","display_name":"Sunflower and Safflower Cultivation","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12294","display_name":"Agricultural Science and Fertilization","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1111","display_name":"Soil Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12566","display_name":"Nitrogen and Sulfur Effects on Brassica","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1102","display_name":"Agronomy and Crop Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/safflower","display_name":"safflower","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nano-urea","display_name":"nano urea","score":0.9950000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/foliar-application","display_name":"foliar application","score":0.8619999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nitrogen-fertilization","display_name":"nitrogen fertilization","score":0.847000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/seed-yield","display_name":"seed yield","score":0.9079999923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/relative-water-content","display_name":"relative water content","score":0.9940000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/100-seed-weight","display_name":"100-seed weight","score":0.8550000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hull-content","display_name":"hull content","score":0.9760000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oil-quality","display_name":"oil quality","score":0.7260000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nutrient-uptake","display_name":"nutrient uptake","score":0.6779999732971191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fertilizer-leaching","display_name":"fertilizer leaching","score":0.8679999709129333}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781451173","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161178","display_name":"Carthamus","level":2,"score":0.9885715246200562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780365088","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48318","display_name":"Urea","level":2,"score":0.8136575222015381},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6557445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173113","display_name":"Agronomy","level":1,"score":0.6254952549934387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137580998","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q235352","display_name":"Crop","level":2,"score":0.527276337146759},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C537208039","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q627","display_name":"Nitrogen","level":2,"score":0.5091502070426941},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126343540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q889514","display_name":"Crop yield","level":2,"score":0.4701678156852722},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142796444","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181394","display_name":"Nutrient","level":2,"score":0.4695739448070526},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90982505","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16938886","display_name":"Leaching (pedology)","level":3,"score":0.46026092767715454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144027150","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48803","display_name":"Horticulture","level":1,"score":0.40299150347709656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.38212862610816956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.33546099066734314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159750122","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q96621023","display_name":"Soil water","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C556039675","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q771035","display_name":"Traditional medicine","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.9734/ijecc/2023/v13i103071","doi":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ijecc/2023/v13i103071","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ijecc/2023/v13i103071","pdf_url":"https://journalijecc.com/index.php/IJECC/article/download/3071/6050","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210233270","display_name":"International Journal of Environment and Climate Change","issn_l":"2581-8627","issn":["2581-8627"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320855","host_organization_name":"Sciencedomain International","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320855"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Sciencedomain International"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Environment and Climate Change","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:journalijecc.com:article/3071","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://journalijecc.com/index.php/IJECC/article/view/3071","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210233270","display_name":"International Journal of Environment and Climate Change","issn_l":"2581-8627","issn":["2581-8627"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320855","host_organization_name":"Sciencedomain International","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320855"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Sciencedomain International"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2581-8627","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:HAL:hal-05190844v1","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://hal.science/hal-05190844","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402512","display_name":"HAL","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4405252976","host_organization_name":"Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405252976"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Environment and Climate Change, 2023, 13 (10), pp.3974-3981","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.9734/ijecc/2023/v13i103071","doi":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ijecc/2023/v13i103071","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ijecc/2023/v13i103071","pdf_url":"https://journalijecc.com/index.php/IJECC/article/download/3071/6050","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210233270","display_name":"International Journal of Environment and Climate Change","issn_l":"2581-8627","issn":["2581-8627"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320855","host_organization_name":"Sciencedomain International","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320855"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Sciencedomain International"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Environment and Climate Change","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Zero hunger","score":0.991100013256073,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320769","display_name":"Indian Council of Agricultural Research","ror":"https://ror.org/04fw54a43"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4387024052.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4387024052.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":11,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1987887788","https://openalex.org/W2111078734","https://openalex.org/W2137184816","https://openalex.org/W2533211550","https://openalex.org/W2891233474","https://openalex.org/W2966987562","https://openalex.org/W2978634457","https://openalex.org/W2996931608","https://openalex.org/W3169340216","https://openalex.org/W4289890786","https://openalex.org/W4296919205"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4392175016","https://openalex.org/W4392174961","https://openalex.org/W4413852860","https://openalex.org/W3193221363","https://openalex.org/W1593120066","https://openalex.org/W4392347997","https://openalex.org/W2133046338","https://openalex.org/W4387514303","https://openalex.org/W3088475157","https://openalex.org/W2891141499"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Safflower":[0],"(Carthamus":[1],"tinctorius":[2],"L.)":[3],"is":[4,146],"an":[5],"important":[6],"oil":[7,13,157],"seed":[8,73,96,121,154],"crop,":[9],"essential":[10],"as":[11,134],"vegetable":[12],"for":[14,18,148],"humans":[15],"and":[16,39,44,63,72,99,111,120,137,151,156,176],"feed":[17],"livestock.":[19],"The":[20,46,89,124],"experiment":[21],"was":[22],"conducted":[23],"in":[24,54,184],"a":[25],"split":[26,135],"plot":[27],"design":[28],"to":[29,189],"study":[30,128],"the":[31,55,78,127,149,167,171],"effects":[32],"of":[33,36,51,57,66,87,103,114,132,140,159,163,179,191],"foliar":[34,64,112,138],"application":[35,50,131,162],"nano":[37,67,115,141,164],"urea":[38,40,58,68,116,133,142,165],"on":[41],"safflower":[42,104],"growth":[43],"development.":[45],"results":[47],"showed":[48],"that":[49,130],"100%":[52,109],"nitrogen":[53],"form":[56],"topdressing":[59],"at":[60,70,118,143],"vegetative":[61],"stage":[62,145],"spray":[65,113,139],"twice":[69,117],"flowering":[71,119],"filling":[74,122],"stages":[75],"significantly":[76,106],"improved":[77,107],"physiological":[79],"parameters":[80],"viz.":[81],"plant":[82],"height":[83],"(cm),":[84],"primary":[85],"branches":[86],"safflower.":[88,160],"CSI,":[90],"RWC,":[91],"Seed":[92],"yield":[93,155],"(kg/ha),":[94],"100":[95],"weight":[97],"(g)":[98],"hull":[100],"content":[101],"(%)":[102],"also":[105,182],"with":[108],"N":[110],"stages.":[123],"result":[125],"from":[126],"suggests":[129],"doses":[136],"reproductive":[144],"beneficial":[147],"crop":[150,172],"will":[152],"improve":[153],"quality":[158],"Foliar":[161],"improves":[166],"nutrient":[168],"uptake":[169],"by":[170],"through":[173],"its":[174],"slow":[175],"controlled":[177],"release":[178],"nutrients.":[180],"It":[181],"helps":[183],"reducing":[185],"environmental":[186],"pollution":[187],"due":[188],"leaching":[190],"fertilizers.":[192]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-10T11:39:43.021295","created_date":"2023-09-26T00:00:00"}
