{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4386982653","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pc.27788","title":"Enhancing self\u2010healing efficiency of natural rubber composites using halloysite nanotubes","display_name":"Enhancing self\u2010healing efficiency of natural rubber composites using halloysite nanotubes","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-09-23","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4386982653","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pc.27788"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1002/pc.27788","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pc.27788","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pc.27788","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S156806727","display_name":"Polymer Composites","issn_l":"0272-8397","issn":["0272-8397","1548-0569"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-d","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Polymer Composites","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4487390","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018354746","display_name":"Abdul Rehman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6077-082X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6077-082X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139322472","display_name":"Universiti Sains Malaysia","ror":"https://ror.org/02rgb2k63","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139322472"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I505182","display_name":"National Textile University","ror":"https://ror.org/030dak672","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I505182"]}],"countries":["MY","PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Abdul Rehman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Polymer Engineering, National Textile University, Karachi Campus, Karachi, Pakistan","School of Engineering and Technology, National Textile University, Faisalabad, Pakistan","School of Materials and Mineral Resources Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Engineering Campus, Penang, Malaysia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6077-082X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Polymer Engineering, National Textile University, Karachi Campus, Karachi, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I505182"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Engineering and Technology, National Textile University, Faisalabad, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I505182"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Materials and Mineral Resources Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Engineering Campus, Penang, Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139322472"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101668819","display_name":"Hanafi Ismail","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3474-5265","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3474-5265","https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6680-0487"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139322472","display_name":"Universiti Sains Malaysia","ror":"https://ror.org/02rgb2k63","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139322472"]}],"countries":["MY"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hanafi Ismail","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Materials and Mineral Resources Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Engineering Campus, Penang, Malaysia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3474-5265","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Materials and Mineral Resources Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Engineering Campus, Penang, Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139322472"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024395919","display_name":"Noor Faezah Mohd Sani","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2637-5607","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2637-5607"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139322472","display_name":"Universiti Sains Malaysia","ror":"https://ror.org/02rgb2k63","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139322472"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82724352","display_name":"Universiti Teknologi MARA","ror":"https://ror.org/05n8tts92","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82724352"]}],"countries":["MY"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Noor Faezah Mohd Sani","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Perak Branch, Tapah Campus, Tapah, Perak, Malaysia","School of Materials and Mineral Resources Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Engineering Campus, Penang, Malaysia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Perak Branch, Tapah Campus, Tapah, Perak, Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82724352"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Materials and Mineral Resources Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Engineering Campus, Penang, Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139322472"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047717484","display_name":"Nadras Othman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8947-527X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8947-527X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139322472","display_name":"Universiti Sains Malaysia","ror":"https://ror.org/02rgb2k63","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139322472"]}],"countries":["MY"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nadras Othman","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Materials and Mineral Resources Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Engineering Campus, Penang, Malaysia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8947-527X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Materials and Mineral Resources Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Engineering Campus, Penang, Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139322472"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058474744","display_name":"Noor Aishatun Majid","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3431-1117","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3431-1117"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139322472","display_name":"Universiti Sains Malaysia","ror":"https://ror.org/02rgb2k63","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139322472"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82724352","display_name":"Universiti Teknologi MARA","ror":"https://ror.org/05n8tts92","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82724352"]}],"countries":["MY"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Noor Aishatun Majid","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Perlis Branch, Arau Campus, Arau, Perlis, Malaysia","School of Materials and Mineral Resources Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Engineering Campus, Penang, Malaysia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Perlis Branch, Arau Campus, Arau, Perlis, Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82724352"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Materials and Mineral Resources Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Engineering Campus, Penang, Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139322472"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037813469","display_name":"Atif Islam","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3375-9817","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3375-9817","https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0388-6674"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172780181","display_name":"University of the Punjab","ror":"https://ror.org/011maz450","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172780181"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Atif Islam","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Polymer and Textile Engineering, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Polymer and Textile Engineering, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172780181"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077384374","display_name":"Raa Khimi Shuib","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3982-2821","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3982-2821","https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5737-5263","https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8054-9751"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139322472","display_name":"Universiti Sains Malaysia","ror":"https://ror.org/02rgb2k63","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139322472"]}],"countries":["MY"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Raa Khimi Shuib","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Materials and Mineral Resources Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Engineering Campus, Penang, Malaysia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3982-2821","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Materials and Mineral Resources Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Engineering Campus, Penang, Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139322472"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5077384374"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139322472"],"apc_list":{"value":4070,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4070},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.254,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":16,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.74959928,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"45","issue":"1","first_page":"424","last_page":"437"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10810","display_name":"Polymer composites and self-healing","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2507","display_name":"Polymers and Plastics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10810","display_name":"Polymer composites and self-healing","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2507","display_name":"Polymers and Plastics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10501","display_name":"Polymer Nanocomposites and Properties","score":0.0010000000474974513,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2507","display_name":"Polymers and Plastics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11852","display_name":"Clay minerals and soil interactions","score":0.0003000000142492354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1906","display_name":"Geochemistry and Petrology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/self-healing-elastomers","display_name":"self-healing elastomers","score":0.9610000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-rubber","display_name":"natural rubber","score":0.8029999732971191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/halloysite-nanotubes","display_name":"halloysite nanotubes","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ionic-bonding","display_name":"ionic bonding","score":0.6819999814033508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/filler-content","display_name":"filler content","score":0.7419999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tensile-strength","display_name":"tensile strength","score":0.843999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mechanical-recovery","display_name":"mechanical recovery","score":0.871999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/room-temperature-self-healing","display_name":"room-temperature self-healing","score":0.5889999866485596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nanocomposites","display_name":"nanocomposites","score":0.5540000200271606}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777135253","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12821923","display_name":"Halloysite","level":2,"score":0.9295928478240967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.90216064453125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.7598633766174316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176933379","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131877","display_name":"Natural rubber","level":2,"score":0.7047541737556458},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51179264","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188631","display_name":"Vulcanization","level":3,"score":0.6937745213508606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160892712","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901559","display_name":"Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy","level":2,"score":0.6688485741615295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112950240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76005","display_name":"Ultimate tensile strength","level":2,"score":0.6383547782897949},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104779481","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50707","display_name":"Composite number","level":2,"score":0.6000780463218689},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26771246","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q321095","display_name":"Scanning electron microscope","level":2,"score":0.5553268790245056},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38052585","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q252266","display_name":"Elastomer","level":2,"score":0.4637143611907959},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42360764","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83588","display_name":"Chemical engineering","level":1,"score":0.17322590947151184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1002/pc.27788","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pc.27788","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pc.27788","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S156806727","display_name":"Polymer Composites","issn_l":"0272-8397","issn":["0272-8397","1548-0569"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-d","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Polymer Composites","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"doi:10.2139/ssrn.4487390","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4487390","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4487390","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210172589","display_name":"SSRN Electronic Journal","issn_l":"1556-5068","issn":["1556-5068"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1318003438","host_organization_name":"RELX Group (Netherlands)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1318003438"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"posted-content"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.2139/ssrn.4487390","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4487390","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4487390","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210172589","display_name":"SSRN Electronic Journal","issn_l":"1556-5068","issn":["1556-5068"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1318003438","host_organization_name":"RELX Group (Netherlands)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1318003438"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"posted-content"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5153400220","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"1001.PBAHAN.8070021","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322757","funder_display_name":"Universiti Sains Malaysia"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322757","display_name":"Universiti Sains Malaysia","ror":"https://ror.org/02rgb2k63"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":50,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W369188865","https://openalex.org/W1965744913","https://openalex.org/W1975389634","https://openalex.org/W2007246271","https://openalex.org/W2017910163","https://openalex.org/W2033855051","https://openalex.org/W2065991713","https://openalex.org/W2078525850","https://openalex.org/W2119422194","https://openalex.org/W2260585533","https://openalex.org/W2286967790","https://openalex.org/W2316397031","https://openalex.org/W2328869067","https://openalex.org/W2520173229","https://openalex.org/W2563712083","https://openalex.org/W2596839544","https://openalex.org/W2604553584","https://openalex.org/W2606239359","https://openalex.org/W2613607360","https://openalex.org/W2756248730","https://openalex.org/W2761425026","https://openalex.org/W2776646582","https://openalex.org/W2788792700","https://openalex.org/W2791527375","https://openalex.org/W2883950234","https://openalex.org/W2943135574","https://openalex.org/W2944326313","https://openalex.org/W2969016280","https://openalex.org/W2985380307","https://openalex.org/W3000169245","https://openalex.org/W3009115092","https://openalex.org/W3014694490","https://openalex.org/W3033667962","https://openalex.org/W3034384414","https://openalex.org/W3048118573","https://openalex.org/W3049286154","https://openalex.org/W3102060557","https://openalex.org/W3107912234","https://openalex.org/W3112571150","https://openalex.org/W3201582896","https://openalex.org/W3212551341","https://openalex.org/W3217309927","https://openalex.org/W4284976098","https://openalex.org/W4307142734","https://openalex.org/W4324348096","https://openalex.org/W4361217361","https://openalex.org/W4362663948","https://openalex.org/W4367298003","https://openalex.org/W4382702263","https://openalex.org/W4382702471"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4382702471","https://openalex.org/W4381491305","https://openalex.org/W4400014263","https://openalex.org/W7140025196","https://openalex.org/W4411090700","https://openalex.org/W4394838201","https://openalex.org/W4396896301","https://openalex.org/W4382702263","https://openalex.org/W2117458578","https://openalex.org/W4414172529"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"This":[1],"study":[2],"aimed":[3],"to":[4,41,156],"explore":[5],"the":[6,43,61,74,88,105,109,125,129,138,143,184],"reinforcement":[7],"effect":[8],"of":[9,25,46,108,117,140,164,179],"halloysite":[10],"nanotubes":[11],"(HNTs)":[12],"in":[13,39,120,124,148,206],"self\u2010healing":[14,49,165,188,196],"natural":[15,169],"rubber":[16,79],"based":[17,167],"on":[18,159,168],"metal":[19,75],"thiolate":[20,76],"ion":[21],"networks.":[22],"The":[23,111],"amount":[24,45],"HNTs":[26,118,181],"was":[27],"varied":[28,153],"at":[29],"five":[30],"levels":[31],"(2,":[32],"4,":[33],"6,":[34],"8,":[35],"and":[36,51,69],"10":[37],"phr)":[38],"order":[40],"assess":[42],"optimum":[44],"filler":[47,93],"for":[48,60],"efficiency":[50],"mechanical":[52,126,175],"recovery":[53],"performance.":[54],"Fourier\u2010transform":[55],"infrared":[56],"(FTIR)":[57],"provides":[58],"evidence":[59],"reversible":[62],"ionic":[63,199],"bonding,":[64],"facilitated":[65],"by":[66,134,202],"Zn":[67,203],"2+":[68,204],"S":[70],"\u2212":[71],"bonding":[72,200],"from":[73,154],"vulcanization":[77],"with":[78,91,150,177,186],"molecular":[80],"chains.":[81],"Scanning":[82],"electron":[83],"microscopy":[84],"(SEM)":[85],"revealed":[86,114],"that":[87,115],"NR/HNTs":[89,191],"composites":[90,185],"lower":[92],"loading":[94],"exhibited":[95,193],"better":[96],"recovery,":[97],"as":[98],"there":[99],"were":[100,146],"no":[101],"observable":[102],"gaps":[103],"between":[104],"cut":[106],"surfaces":[107],"samples.":[110],"results":[112],"also":[113],"addition":[116,178],"resulted":[119],"a":[121],"significant":[122],"improvement":[123],"performance,":[127],"particularly":[128],"tensile":[130],"strength,":[131],"which":[132],"increased":[133],"approximately":[135],"20%\u201375%.":[136],"Furthermore,":[137],"extent":[139],"healing":[141],"after":[142],"broken":[144],"pieces":[145],"brought":[147],"contact":[149],"each":[151],"other":[152],"87%":[155],"98%,":[157],"depending":[158],"HNT":[160],"concentration.":[161],"Highlights":[162],"Fabrication":[163],"elastomers":[166],"rubber.":[170],"Self\u2010healing":[171],"NR":[172],"presented":[173],"enhanced":[174],"performance":[176],"HNTs.":[180],"lumen":[182],"endows":[183],"excellent":[187,207],"efficiency.":[189],"Developed":[190],"composite":[192],"room":[194],"temperature":[195],"properties.":[197],"Reversible":[198],"expedited":[201],"contributes":[205],"self\u2010healing.":[208]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-11-10T11:39:43.021295","created_date":"2023-09-24T00:00:00"}
