{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4386973085","doi":"https://doi.org/10.22271/tpi.2023.v12.i9y.23059","title":"Effect of pre and post-emergence herbicides on growth and yield attributes and yield of groundnut","display_name":"Effect of pre and post-emergence herbicides on growth and yield attributes and yield of groundnut","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4386973085","doi":"https://doi.org/10.22271/tpi.2023.v12.i9y.23059"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.22271/tpi.2023.v12.i9y.23059","doi":"https://doi.org/10.22271/tpi.2023.v12.i9y.23059","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.22271/tpi.2023.v12.i9y.23059","pdf_url":"https://www.thepharmajournal.com/archives/2023/vol12issue9/PartZ/12-9-236-791.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210230252","display_name":"The Pharma Innovation","issn_l":"2277-7695","issn":["2277-7695","2349-8242"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Pharma Innovation","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://www.thepharmajournal.com/archives/2023/vol12issue9/PartZ/12-9-236-791.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"K Mukilan","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I134900695","display_name":"Tamil Nadu Agricultural University","ror":"https://ror.org/04fs90r60","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I134900695"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"K Mukilan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Agronomy, AC & RI, TNAU, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Agronomy, AC & RI, TNAU, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I134900695"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101857460","display_name":"R. Baskaran","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7491-7901","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7491-7901"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I134900695","display_name":"Tamil Nadu Agricultural University","ror":"https://ror.org/04fs90r60","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I134900695"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R Baskaran","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Agronomy and Head, Regional Research Station, Vriddhachalam, Tamil Nadu, India","Department of Crop Physiology, AC & RI, TNAU, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Agronomy and Head, Regional Research Station, Vriddhachalam, Tamil Nadu, India","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Crop Physiology, AC & RI, TNAU, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I134900695"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112714144","display_name":"C. Harisudan","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"C Harisudan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Associate Professor, Department of Agronomy, Regional Research Station, Vriddhachalam, Tamil Nadu, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Associate Professor, Department of Agronomy, Regional Research Station, Vriddhachalam, Tamil Nadu, India","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001936247","display_name":"Ramasamy Jagadeeswaran","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8658-9260","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8658-9260"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R Jagadeeswaran","raw_affiliation_strings":["Professor (Soil Science & Agricultural Chemistry),"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Professor (Soil Science & Agricultural Chemistry),","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103093810","display_name":"Parasuraman Boominathan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3287-4904","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3287-4904"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I134900695","display_name":"Tamil Nadu Agricultural University","ror":"https://ror.org/04fs90r60","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I134900695"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"P Boominathan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Crop Physiology , AC & RI , TNAU , Coimbatore , Tamil Nadu , India","Department of Remote Sensing and GIS, AC & RI, TNAU, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Crop Physiology , AC & RI , TNAU , Coimbatore , Tamil Nadu , India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I134900695"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Remote Sensing and GIS, AC & RI, TNAU, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I134900695"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.277,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.47427857,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"12","issue":"9","first_page":"2275","last_page":"2279"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10774","display_name":"Weed Control and Herbicide Applications","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10774","display_name":"Weed Control and Herbicide Applications","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12058","display_name":"Allelopathy and phytotoxic interactions","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11180","display_name":"Pesticide and Herbicide Environmental Studies","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2310","display_name":"Pollution"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/peanut","display_name":"groundnut","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/weed-control","display_name":"weed control","score":0.8050000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pre-emergence-herbicides","display_name":"pre-emergence herbicides","score":0.972000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/post-emergence-herbicides","display_name":"post-emergence herbicides","score":0.9959999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diclosulam","display_name":"diclosulam","score":0.9829999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hand-weeding","display_name":"hand weeding","score":0.9909999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intercultivation","display_name":"intercultivation","score":0.9160000085830688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/weed-density","display_name":"weed density","score":0.9160000085830688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/weed-control-efficiency","display_name":"weed control efficiency","score":0.9710000157356262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pod-yield","display_name":"pod yield","score":0.9760000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/haulm-yield","display_name":"haulm yield","score":0.9639999866485596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/labor-saving","display_name":"labor saving","score":0.7139999866485596}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147273371","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2739141","display_name":"Weed control","level":2,"score":0.8157105445861816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153136566","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3631460","display_name":"Kharif crop","level":3,"score":0.8009107708930969},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144938864","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4927286","display_name":"Randomized block design","level":2,"score":0.6763437390327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775891814","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101879","display_name":"Weed","level":2,"score":0.5374930500984192},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75639521","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1283519","display_name":"Field experiment","level":2,"score":0.507677435874939},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6557445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173113","display_name":"Agronomy","level":1,"score":0.4958878457546234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134121241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q899301","display_name":"Yield (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.47776925563812256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118518473","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11451","display_name":"Agriculture","level":2,"score":0.4559794068336487},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.42371511459350586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137580998","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q235352","display_name":"Crop","level":2,"score":0.4173443019390106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.35596683621406555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191897082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11467","display_name":"Metallurgy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.22271/tpi.2023.v12.i9y.23059","doi":"https://doi.org/10.22271/tpi.2023.v12.i9y.23059","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.22271/tpi.2023.v12.i9y.23059","pdf_url":"https://www.thepharmajournal.com/archives/2023/vol12issue9/PartZ/12-9-236-791.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210230252","display_name":"The Pharma Innovation","issn_l":"2277-7695","issn":["2277-7695","2349-8242"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Pharma Innovation","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.22271/tpi.2023.v12.i9y.23059","doi":"https://doi.org/10.22271/tpi.2023.v12.i9y.23059","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.22271/tpi.2023.v12.i9y.23059","pdf_url":"https://www.thepharmajournal.com/archives/2023/vol12issue9/PartZ/12-9-236-791.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210230252","display_name":"The Pharma Innovation","issn_l":"2277-7695","issn":["2277-7695","2349-8242"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Pharma Innovation","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2","score":0.991100013256073,"display_name":"Zero hunger"},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15","score":0.4390000104904175,"display_name":"Life on land"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4386973085.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4386973085.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":9,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W145213229","https://openalex.org/W770424987","https://openalex.org/W1562809458","https://openalex.org/W2979223647","https://openalex.org/W4235993677","https://openalex.org/W4362607528","https://openalex.org/W4387786824","https://openalex.org/W4387786868","https://openalex.org/W6749900284"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4404004202","https://openalex.org/W2979223647","https://openalex.org/W4417310601","https://openalex.org/W7119062129","https://openalex.org/W3081955355","https://openalex.org/W4408481328","https://openalex.org/W4402889307","https://openalex.org/W3108682359","https://openalex.org/W4406249979","https://openalex.org/W7165204172"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Groundnut":[0],"crop":[1],"is":[2,124,179],"highly":[3],"susceptible":[4],"to":[5,33],"weed":[6,36,41,87,101,153],"infestation":[7],"because":[8],"of":[9,69,72,78,131,151,186],"its":[10],"small":[11],"stature":[12],"and":[13,43,76,80,91,96,99,105,109,119,157,167,174],"slow-growing":[14],"nature.":[15],"A":[16],"field":[17,66],"experiment":[18,50],"was":[19,51,160],"conducted":[20],"at":[21,94,107,117,165],"Regional":[22],"Research":[23],"Station,":[24],"Tamil":[25],"Nadu":[26],"Agricultural":[27],"University,":[28],"Vriddhachalam":[29],"during":[30],"Kharif":[31],"2023":[32],"evaluate":[34],"suitable":[35],"management":[37],"practices":[38,83],"for":[39],"effective":[40,152],"control":[42,102],"labour":[44],"saving":[45],"in":[46,54,114,162],"groundnut":[47],"production.":[48],"The":[49],"laid":[52],"out":[53],"a":[55,149],"randomized":[56],"block":[57],"design":[58],"with":[59,127,182],"ten":[60],"treatments":[61],"replicated":[62],"thrice.":[63],"In":[64],"this":[65],"study":[67],"application":[68,130,185],"cost-based":[70],"treatment":[71],"hand":[73,115,142,163,197],"weeding,":[74],"intercultivation":[75],"combination":[77],"pre":[79],"post-emergence":[81],"herbicide":[82],"were":[84,112],"followed.":[85],"Lower":[86],"density":[88],"(16.89":[89],"m-2":[90],"15.09":[92],"m-2)":[93],"30":[95,108],"60":[97,110],"DAS":[98,111,121,140,146,169,195,201],"higher":[100,155],"efficiency":[103],"(84.32%":[104],"88.34%)":[106],"observed":[113,161],"weeding":[116,143,164,198],"20":[118,166],"40":[120,145,168,200],"(T9)":[122,170],"which":[123,178],"on":[125,138,144,180,193,199],"par":[126,181],"the":[128,183],"pre-emergence":[129,184],"diclosulam":[132,187],"@":[133,188],"0.025":[134,189],"kg":[135,172,176,190],"a.i":[136,191],"ha-1":[137,173,192],"3":[139,194],"fb":[141,196],"(T2).":[147,202],"As":[148],"result":[150],"control,":[154],"pod":[156],"haulm":[158],"yield":[159],"(2342":[171],"4194":[175],"ha-1)":[177]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-30T12:39:25.321706","created_date":"2023-09-23T00:00:00"}