{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4386950700","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/applin/amad053","title":"The Relationship Between L2 Interactional Competence and Proficiency","display_name":"The Relationship Between L2 Interactional Competence and Proficiency","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-09-21","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4386950700","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/applin/amad053"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1093/applin/amad053","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/applin/amad053","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/applin/amad053","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S183798913","display_name":"Applied Linguistics","issn_l":"0142-6001","issn":["0142-6001","1477-450X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-3","ki-jl-1","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Applied Linguistics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089682514","display_name":"Carsten Roever","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1055-6331","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1055-6331"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165779595","display_name":"The University of Melbourne","ror":"https://ror.org/01ej9dk98","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165779595"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Carsten Roever","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Languages & Linguistics, The University of Melbourne , Melbourne, VIC , Australia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1055-6331","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Languages & Linguistics, The University of Melbourne , Melbourne, VIC , Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165779595"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108584974","display_name":"Naoki Ikeda","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165779595","display_name":"The University of Melbourne","ror":"https://ror.org/01ej9dk98","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165779595"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Naoki Ikeda","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Languages & Linguistics, The University of Melbourne , Melbourne, VIC , Australia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Languages & Linguistics, The University of Melbourne , Melbourne, VIC , Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165779595"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5089682514"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165779595"],"apc_list":{"value":5019,"currency":"USD","value_usd":5019},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":24.6779,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":22,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99483962,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"45","issue":"4","first_page":"676","last_page":"698"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10021","display_name":"EFL/ESL Teaching and Learning","score":0.9121000170707703,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1203","display_name":"Language and Linguistics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10021","display_name":"EFL/ESL Teaching and Learning","score":0.9121000170707703,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1203","display_name":"Language and Linguistics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13538","display_name":"Linguistics and Language Analysis","score":0.05510000139474869,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1203","display_name":"Language and Linguistics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11587","display_name":"Second Language Acquisition and Learning","score":0.011900000274181366,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speaking-proficiency","display_name":"speaking proficiency","score":0.9179999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pragmatic-competence","display_name":"pragmatic competence","score":0.5860000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/esl-students","display_name":"ESL learners","score":0.6959999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/role-play","display_name":"role play","score":0.7080000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/monologue","display_name":"monologue","score":0.9139999747276306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/language-assessment","display_name":"language assessment","score":0.7870000004768372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/language-teaching","display_name":"language teaching","score":0.609000027179718}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.7768202424049377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778883600","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2390977","display_name":"Language proficiency","level":2,"score":0.7335251569747925},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90734943","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17008777","display_name":"Conceptualization","level":2,"score":0.6456952095031738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.5369069576263428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100521375","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2015382","display_name":"Competence (human resources)","level":2,"score":0.4632386565208435},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2987567764","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q125421","display_name":"Second language","level":2,"score":0.4609558880329132},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166007726","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4536542","display_name":"Language assessment","level":2,"score":0.41482940316200256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18563106","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q487425","display_name":"Test of English as a Foreign Language","level":3,"score":0.41439101099967957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19417346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7922","display_name":"Pedagogy","level":1,"score":0.2480347454547882},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.13284939527511597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1093/applin/amad053","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/applin/amad053","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/applin/amad053","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S183798913","display_name":"Applied Linguistics","issn_l":"0142-6001","issn":["0142-6001","1477-450X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-3","ki-jl-1","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Applied Linguistics","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6164000034332275,"display_name":"Quality education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"score":0.8700000047683716,"display_name":"Quality education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Observational Study","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320308674","display_name":"Educational Testing Service","ror":"https://ror.org/03b5q4637"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":50,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W560819574","https://openalex.org/W1490199794","https://openalex.org/W1981622347","https://openalex.org/W2007119629","https://openalex.org/W2036657037","https://openalex.org/W2071870922","https://openalex.org/W2072305477","https://openalex.org/W2088360190","https://openalex.org/W2095090233","https://openalex.org/W2114908224","https://openalex.org/W2129904174","https://openalex.org/W2141945428","https://openalex.org/W2154798212","https://openalex.org/W2312038100","https://openalex.org/W2322045421","https://openalex.org/W2324257700","https://openalex.org/W2337089871","https://openalex.org/W2339036635","https://openalex.org/W2540382670","https://openalex.org/W2587352866","https://openalex.org/W2713136275","https://openalex.org/W2726217468","https://openalex.org/W2793351603","https://openalex.org/W2795135053","https://openalex.org/W2803554325","https://openalex.org/W2808821690","https://openalex.org/W2901569410","https://openalex.org/W2938338787","https://openalex.org/W2948183149","https://openalex.org/W2950087296","https://openalex.org/W2956772138","https://openalex.org/W2970444739","https://openalex.org/W3041388835","https://openalex.org/W3089161548","https://openalex.org/W3096559334","https://openalex.org/W3161995211","https://openalex.org/W3162074948","https://openalex.org/W3164136488","https://openalex.org/W3188751584","https://openalex.org/W3208790312","https://openalex.org/W3209717566","https://openalex.org/W4200485803","https://openalex.org/W4211075781","https://openalex.org/W4244107794","https://openalex.org/W4246806116","https://openalex.org/W4248853665","https://openalex.org/W4323980459","https://openalex.org/W6629079946","https://openalex.org/W6651532829","https://openalex.org/W6747276177"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7160166042","https://openalex.org/W3141771600","https://openalex.org/W7215307070","https://openalex.org/W7169053177","https://openalex.org/W6982600265","https://openalex.org/W4322771106","https://openalex.org/W4323357093","https://openalex.org/W2900461774","https://openalex.org/W2986376853","https://openalex.org/W7103140752"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"The":[1],"relationship":[2],"between":[3,93],"L2":[4],"linguistic":[5],"skills":[6],"and":[7,30,46,84,98,139],"the":[8,68,131],"ability":[9],"to":[10,43],"use":[11],"language":[12,135,137,140],"for":[13,130],"social":[14],"purposes":[15],"is":[16],"still":[17],"under-explored.":[18],"While":[19],"previous":[20],"research":[21],"suggests":[22],"that":[23],"higher":[24],"proficiency":[25,66,97],"coincides":[26],"with":[27,37,110],"better":[28],"pragmatic":[29],"interactional":[31,54,78,99],"performance,":[32],"incongruities":[33],"are":[34],"also":[35],"apparent":[36],"some":[38,47,111],"low-proficiency":[39],"learners":[40,49,61],"being":[41],"able":[42],"communicate":[44],"effectively,":[45],"high-proficiency":[48],"showing":[50],"pronounced":[51],"weaknesses":[52],"in":[53],"performance.":[55],"In":[56],"this":[57],"study,":[58],"150":[59],"ESL":[60],"completed":[62],"a":[63,75,89,106],"standardized":[64],"speaking":[65,96,118],"test,":[67],"TOEFL":[69],"iBT":[70],"Speaking":[71],"section,":[72],"followed":[73],"by":[74,117],"test":[76],"of":[77,81,95,125,133],"competence":[79],"consisting":[80],"role":[82],"plays":[83],"monologues.":[85],"Quantitatively,":[86],"we":[87],"found":[88],"fairly":[90],"strong":[91],"correlation":[92],"measures":[94],"ability,":[100,136],"but":[101],"our":[102],"qualitative":[103],"analysis":[104],"showed":[105],"more":[107],"nuanced":[108],"picture":[109],"interactionally":[112],"relevant":[113],"features":[114],"apparently":[115],"impacted":[116],"proficiency,":[119],"whereas":[120],"others":[121],"were":[122],"largely":[123],"independent":[124],"it.":[126],"We":[127],"discuss":[128],"implications":[129],"conceptualization":[132],"second":[134],"teaching,":[138],"testing.":[141]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-10-28T10:33:24.094632","created_date":"2023-09-23T00:00:00"}