{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4386944553","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1167/iovs.64.12.36","title":"A Simplified Model of Activation and Deactivation of Human Rod Phototransduction\u2014An Electroretinographic Study","display_name":"A Simplified Model of Activation and Deactivation of Human Rod Phototransduction\u2014An Electroretinographic Study","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-09-22","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4386944553","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1167/iovs.64.12.36","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37738060","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/10528468"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1167/iovs.64.12.36","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1167/iovs.64.12.36","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1167/iovs.64.12.36","pdf_url":"https://iovs.arvojournals.org/arvo/content_public/journal/iovs/938648/i1552-5783-64-12-36_1695379554.09423.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S76304953","display_name":"Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science","issn_l":"0146-0404","issn":["0146-0404","1552-5783"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","oarl","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310321950","host_organization_name":"Cadmus Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310321950"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cadmus Press"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Investigative Opthalmology &amp; Visual Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://iovs.arvojournals.org/arvo/content_public/journal/iovs/938648/i1552-5783-64-12-36_1695379554.09423.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027457879","display_name":"James D. Akula","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8049-1812","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8049-1812"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1288882113","display_name":"Boston Children's Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/00dvg7y05","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1288882113"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I136199984","display_name":"Harvard University","ror":"https://ror.org/03vek6s52","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"James D. Akula","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ophthalmology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States","Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ophthalmology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1288882113"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016871155","display_name":"Annie M. Lancos","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1288882113","display_name":"Boston Children's Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/00dvg7y05","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1288882113"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Annie M. Lancos","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ophthalmology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ophthalmology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1288882113"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086355221","display_name":"Bilal K. AlWattar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-8942-983X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0007-8942-983X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1288882113","display_name":"Boston Children's Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/00dvg7y05","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1288882113"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I136199984","display_name":"Harvard University","ror":"https://ror.org/03vek6s52","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bilal K. AlWattar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ophthalmology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States","Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ophthalmology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1288882113"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082374065","display_name":"Hanna De Bruyn","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9515-9086","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9515-9086"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1288882113","display_name":"Boston Children's Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/00dvg7y05","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1288882113"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hanna De Bruyn","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ophthalmology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ophthalmology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1288882113"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051881574","display_name":"Ronald M. Hansen","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1288882113","display_name":"Boston Children's Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/00dvg7y05","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1288882113"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I136199984","display_name":"Harvard University","ror":"https://ror.org/03vek6s52","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ronald M. Hansen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ophthalmology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States","Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ophthalmology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1288882113"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008165270","display_name":"Anne B. Fulton","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5752-2614","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5752-2614"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1288882113","display_name":"Boston Children's Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/00dvg7y05","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1288882113"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I136199984","display_name":"Harvard University","ror":"https://ror.org/03vek6s52","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anne B. Fulton","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ophthalmology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States","Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ophthalmology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1288882113"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5027457879"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1288882113","https://openalex.org/I136199984"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":0.1775,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.38929594,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"64","issue":"12","first_page":"36","last_page":"36"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10691","display_name":"Retinal Development and Disorders","score":0.9961000084877014,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10691","display_name":"Retinal Development and Disorders","score":0.9961000084877014,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12236","display_name":"Photoreceptor and optogenetics research","score":0.00139999995008111,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2804","display_name":"Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11178","display_name":"Receptor Mechanisms and Signaling","score":0.0005000000237487257,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rod-phototransduction","display_name":"rod phototransduction","score":0.9940000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/flash-electroretinogram","display_name":"flash electroretinogram","score":0.7940000295639038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transducin-activation","display_name":"transducin activation","score":0.9919999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cgmp-hydrolysis","display_name":"cGMP hydrolysis","score":0.996999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interstimulus-interval","display_name":"interstimulus interval","score":0.5979999899864197}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149574991","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420428","display_name":"Transducin","level":4,"score":0.8769575357437134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C131667965","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q445081","display_name":"Visual phototransduction","level":3,"score":0.7922241687774658},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780388253","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5421508","display_name":"Exponent","level":2,"score":0.5813513398170471},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81370116","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1335249","display_name":"Time constant","level":2,"score":0.5558552742004395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151376022","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q168698","display_name":"Exponential function","level":2,"score":0.5229775905609131},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202033177","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q423107","display_name":"Rhodopsin","level":3,"score":0.5092378854751587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777526259","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q221836","display_name":"Flash (photography)","level":2,"score":0.4984753131866455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148898269","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1108792","display_name":"Kinetics","level":2,"score":0.482441246509552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.46879610419273376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93391505","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q658700","display_name":"Reaction rate constant","level":3,"score":0.4481934607028961},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180205008","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q159190","display_name":"Amplitude","level":2,"score":0.43335795402526855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93038891","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1061524","display_name":"Intensity (physics)","level":2,"score":0.41253384947776794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.38319647312164307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.3496207594871521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.2879191040992737},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780827179","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q422001","display_name":"Retinal","level":2,"score":0.23143574595451355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.13564971089363098},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.11758497357368469},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.10754433274269104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D003071","descriptor_name":"Cognition","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004596","descriptor_name":"Electroretinography","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005123","descriptor_name":"Eye","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006152","descriptor_name":"Cyclic GMP","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D055537","descriptor_name":"Light Signal Transduction","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1167/iovs.64.12.36","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1167/iovs.64.12.36","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1167/iovs.64.12.36","pdf_url":"https://iovs.arvojournals.org/arvo/content_public/journal/iovs/938648/i1552-5783-64-12-36_1695379554.09423.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S76304953","display_name":"Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science","issn_l":"0146-0404","issn":["0146-0404","1552-5783"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","oarl","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310321950","host_organization_name":"Cadmus Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310321950"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cadmus Press"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Investigative Opthalmology &amp; Visual Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:10528468","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/10528468","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10528468/pdf/iovs-64-12-36.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:37738060","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37738060","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Investigative ophthalmology & visual science","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1167/iovs.64.12.36","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1167/iovs.64.12.36","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1167/iovs.64.12.36","pdf_url":"https://iovs.arvojournals.org/arvo/content_public/journal/iovs/938648/i1552-5783-64-12-36_1695379554.09423.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S76304953","display_name":"Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science","issn_l":"0146-0404","issn":["0146-0404","1552-5783"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","oarl","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310321950","host_organization_name":"Cadmus Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310321950"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cadmus Press"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Investigative Opthalmology &amp; Visual Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3134668926","display_name":"Noninvasive Protection Against Retinopathy of Prematurity","funder_award_id":"R01EY028953","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337350","funder_display_name":"National Eye Institute"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3174024936","display_name":"Photoreceptor Function in ROP","funder_award_id":"R01EY010597","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337350","funder_display_name":"National Eye Institute"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G9000863310","display_name":"Boston Children's Hospital/HMS Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Research Center","funder_award_id":"P50HD105351","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337611","funder_display_name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","display_name":"National Institutes of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337350","display_name":"National Eye Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/03wkg3b53"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337611","display_name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","ror":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4386944553.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4386944553.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":40,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W71001787","https://openalex.org/W117843568","https://openalex.org/W263963178","https://openalex.org/W1549570279","https://openalex.org/W1972988663","https://openalex.org/W1974229569","https://openalex.org/W1979356484","https://openalex.org/W1980906469","https://openalex.org/W1981098349","https://openalex.org/W1981365824","https://openalex.org/W1987500506","https://openalex.org/W1989241066","https://openalex.org/W1994710504","https://openalex.org/W1999179844","https://openalex.org/W2000738692","https://openalex.org/W2022032586","https://openalex.org/W2024664315","https://openalex.org/W2024979469","https://openalex.org/W2032320572","https://openalex.org/W2037180653","https://openalex.org/W2061738739","https://openalex.org/W2087344433","https://openalex.org/W2124486201","https://openalex.org/W2130293499","https://openalex.org/W2142913230","https://openalex.org/W2161318689","https://openalex.org/W2166108558","https://openalex.org/W2255944078","https://openalex.org/W2461560513","https://openalex.org/W2522889752","https://openalex.org/W2596763768","https://openalex.org/W2998334544","https://openalex.org/W3000331040","https://openalex.org/W4205946464","https://openalex.org/W4223590166","https://openalex.org/W4229018298","https://openalex.org/W4230825363","https://openalex.org/W4308020536","https://openalex.org/W4315784107","https://openalex.org/W4319825890"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2025420601","https://openalex.org/W2134950472","https://openalex.org/W3160483366","https://openalex.org/W2000738692","https://openalex.org/W1989241066","https://openalex.org/W3000331040","https://openalex.org/W2027793122","https://openalex.org/W1983644934","https://openalex.org/W7100215146","https://openalex.org/W2733607189"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Purpose:":[0],"To":[1,145],"test":[2,146],"the":[3,17,20,25,32,61,65,73,78,93,110,132,135,140,167,175,187,194,249,254,266],"hypothesis":[4],"that":[5,246],"a":[6,96,113,235],"simple":[7],"model":[8,237],"having":[9],"properties":[10],"consistent":[11],"with":[12,41,157,238],"activation":[13],"and":[14,54,86,130,160,170,177,199,203,220,251],"deactivation":[15],"in":[16,77,104,118],"rod":[18,79,256,267],"approximates":[19],"whole":[21],"time":[22,55,90,189],"course":[23,91],"of":[24,31,64,92,125,134,153,174,180,197,253],"photoresponse.":[26,268],"Methods:":[27],"Routinely,":[28],"an":[29],"exponential":[30,154],"form":[33],"f":[34],"=":[35],"\u03b1\u00b7(1":[36],"-":[37,39],"exp(-(\u03c4\u00b7(t":[38],"teff)s-1))),":[40],"amplitude":[42],"\u03b1,":[43],"rate":[44,164],"constant":[45],"\u03c4":[46],"(often":[47],"scaled":[48],"by":[49,108,121,139],"intensity),":[50],"irreducible":[51],"delay":[52],"teff,":[53],"exponent":[56],"s-1,":[57],"is":[58],"fit":[59],"to":[60,95,127,186,264],"early":[62],"period":[63],"flash":[66,100,116],"electroretinogram.":[67],"Notably,":[68],"s":[69,181],"(an":[70],"integer)":[71],"represents":[72],"three":[74,240],"integrating":[75],"stages":[76],"amplification":[80],"cascade":[81],"(rhodopsin":[82],"isomerization,":[83],"transducin":[84],"activation,":[85],"cGMP":[87],"hydrolysis).":[88],"The":[89],"photoresponse":[94,188],"0.17":[97],"cd\u00b7s\u00b7m-2":[98],"conditioning":[99],"(CF)":[101],"was":[102,210,215,222,229,258],"determined":[103],"21":[105],"healthy":[106],"eyes":[107],"presenting":[109],"CF":[111,141],"plus":[112],"bright":[114],"probe":[115],"(PF)":[117],"tandem,":[119],"separated":[120],"interstimulus":[122],"intervals":[123],"(ISIs)":[124],"0.01":[126],"1.4":[128,223],"seconds,":[129],"calculating":[131],"proportion":[133],"PF":[136],"a-wave":[137],"suppressed":[138],"at":[142],"each":[143],"ISI.":[144],"if":[147],"similar":[148],"kinetics":[149],"describe":[150],"deactivation,":[151],"difference":[152],"(DoE)":[155],"functions":[156],"common":[158],"\u03b1":[159,209],"teff":[161],"parameters,":[162],"respective":[163],"constants":[165],"for":[166],"initiation":[168],"(I)":[169],"quenching":[171],"(Q)":[172],"phases":[173],"response,":[176,257],"specified":[178],"values":[179,196],"(sI,":[182],"sQ),":[183],"were":[184,201],"compared":[185],"course.":[190],"Results:":[191],"As":[192],"hypothesized,":[193],"optimal":[195],"sI":[198],"sQ":[200],"3":[202],"2,":[204],"respectively.":[205],"Mean":[206],"\u00b1":[207,212,217,224],"SD":[208],"0.80":[211],"0.066,":[213],"I":[214],"7700":[216],"2400":[218],"m2\u00b7cd-1\u00b7s-3,":[219],"Q":[221],"0.47":[225],"s-1.":[226],"Overall,":[227],"r2":[228],"0.93.":[230],"Conclusions:":[231],"A":[232],"method,":[233],"including":[234],"DoE":[236],"just":[239],"free":[241],"parameters":[242],"(\u03b1,":[243],"I,":[244],"Q),":[245],"robustly":[247],"captures":[248],"magnitude":[250],"time-constants":[252],"complete":[255],"produced.":[259],"Only":[260],"two":[261],"steps":[262],"integrate":[263],"quench":[265]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2023-09-23T00:00:00"}
