{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4386914501","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/en16186752","title":"Investigating the Ignition and Stability Limits of Premixed Methane/Air Combustion in Micro-Channels","display_name":"Investigating the Ignition and Stability Limits of Premixed Methane/Air Combustion in Micro-Channels","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-09-21","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4386914501","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/en16186752"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/en16186752","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/en16186752","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/en16186752","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/16/18/6752/pdf?version=1695304017","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S198098182","display_name":"Energies","issn_l":"1996-1073","issn":["1996-1073"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Energies","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/16/18/6752/pdf?version=1695304017","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089790088","display_name":"Almoutazbellah Adnan Kutkut","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0728-4061","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0728-4061"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I12097938","display_name":"West Virginia University","ror":"https://ror.org/011vxgd24","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12097938"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Almoutazbellah Kutkut","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Innovation in Gas Research and Utilization (CIGRU), Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0728-4061","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Innovation in Gas Research and Utilization (CIGRU), Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12097938"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087305897","display_name":"Mohsen Ayoobi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2118-3232","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2118-3232"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185443292","display_name":"Wayne State University","ror":"https://ror.org/01070mq45","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185443292"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohsen Ayoobi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Engineering Technology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48202, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2118-3232","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Engineering Technology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48202, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185443292"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067933679","display_name":"Marc E. Baumgardner","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0668-5886","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0668-5886"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I119888943","display_name":"Gonzaga University","ror":"https://ror.org/03ze70h02","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I119888943"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marc E. Baumgardner","raw_affiliation_strings":["Mechanical Engineering, Gonzaga University, Spokane, WA 99258, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Mechanical Engineering, Gonzaga University, Spokane, WA 99258, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I119888943"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048179550","display_name":"V\u2019yacheslav Akkerman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7585-2468","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7585-2468"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I12097938","display_name":"West Virginia University","ror":"https://ror.org/011vxgd24","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12097938"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"V\u2019yacheslav Akkerman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Innovation in Gas Research and Utilization (CIGRU), Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7585-2468","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Innovation in Gas Research and Utilization (CIGRU), Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12097938"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5048179550"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12097938"],"apc_list":{"value":2200,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2447},"apc_paid":{"value":2200,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2447},"fwci":0.6617,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.52808747,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"16","issue":"18","first_page":"6752","last_page":"6752"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10553","display_name":"Combustion and flame dynamics","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2206","display_name":"Computational Mechanics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10553","display_name":"Combustion and flame dynamics","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2206","display_name":"Computational Mechanics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10117","display_name":"Advanced Combustion Engine Technologies","score":0.0012000000569969416,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1507","display_name":"Fluid Flow and Transfer Processes"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/15","display_name":"Chemical Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11619","display_name":"Combustion and Detonation Processes","score":0.0006000000284984708,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/premixed-methane-air-combustion","display_name":"methane-air premixed combustion","score":0.859000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/micro-combustion","display_name":"microscale combustion","score":0.9750000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/flame-ignition","display_name":"flame ignition","score":0.5450000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/flame-stability","display_name":"flame stability","score":0.7929999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/flame-propagation","display_name":"flame propagation","score":0.8349999785423279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inlet-velocity","display_name":"inlet velocity","score":0.7480000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/equivalence-ratio","display_name":"equivalence ratio","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel-size","display_name":"channel size","score":0.8510000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/detailed-chemistry","display_name":"detailed chemistry","score":0.47200000286102295}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105923489","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133235","display_name":"Combustion","level":2,"score":0.8069364428520203},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159063594","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q248382","display_name":"Ignition system","level":2,"score":0.7122738361358643},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C516920438","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37129","display_name":"Methane","level":2,"score":0.6447575688362122},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57879066","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41217","display_name":"Mechanics","level":1,"score":0.6366571187973022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129474609","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4563566","display_name":"Premixed flame","level":4,"score":0.6052233576774597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201289731","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1172599","display_name":"Inlet","level":2,"score":0.5312257409095764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778269189","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5457178","display_name":"Flame structure","level":4,"score":0.4808431565761566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147831808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1431442","display_name":"Microreactor","level":3,"score":0.47938990592956543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18762648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42213","display_name":"Work (physics)","level":2,"score":0.4605608880519867},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207821765","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q405372","display_name":"Instability","level":2,"score":0.44534650444984436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2992271946","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178895","display_name":"Equivalence ratio","level":4,"score":0.42608535289764404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.41747650504112244},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116915560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83504","display_name":"Nuclear engineering","level":1,"score":0.41291433572769165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.3927875757217407},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83104080","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3809680","display_name":"Combustor","level":3,"score":0.3927611708641052},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.34113049507141113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.2780400216579437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146978453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3798668","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","level":1,"score":0.23324793577194214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.22988247871398926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.16530734300613403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.085551917552948},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.074724942445755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161790260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82264","display_name":"Catalysis","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/en16186752","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/en16186752","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/en16186752","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/16/18/6752/pdf?version=1695304017","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S198098182","display_name":"Energies","issn_l":"1996-1073","issn":["1996-1073"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Energies","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:gam:jeners:v:16:y:2023:i:18:p:6752-:d:1245028","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/16/18/6752/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:29a5d00d2916492ca4df27a02fdeeb13","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/29a5d00d2916492ca4df27a02fdeeb13","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Energies, Vol 16, Iss 18, p 6752 (2023)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/en16186752","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/en16186752","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/en16186752","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/16/18/6752/pdf?version=1695304017","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S198098182","display_name":"Energies","issn_l":"1996-1073","issn":["1996-1073"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Energies","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.5690000057220459,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3998863636","display_name":"CAREER: Promotion and Prevention of Flame Acceleration and Deflagration-to-Detonation Transition: from Fundamental Study to Practical Consideration","funder_award_id":"1554254","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6671297155","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"CAREER","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7435639098","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"HEPC.dsr.18.7.","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320317258","funder_display_name":"West Virginia Higher Education Policy Commission"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320314505","display_name":"State Council of Higher Education for Virginia","ror":"https://ror.org/058gp5587"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320317258","display_name":"West Virginia Higher Education Policy Commission","ror":"https://ror.org/01yaers16"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4386914501.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4386914501.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":37,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1760048621","https://openalex.org/W1966391772","https://openalex.org/W1978677516","https://openalex.org/W1981430828","https://openalex.org/W1982416138","https://openalex.org/W1990202088","https://openalex.org/W1996015609","https://openalex.org/W2009660016","https://openalex.org/W2010146852","https://openalex.org/W2013649661","https://openalex.org/W2014397419","https://openalex.org/W2031413182","https://openalex.org/W2042021222","https://openalex.org/W2042852622","https://openalex.org/W2060304890","https://openalex.org/W2068748004","https://openalex.org/W2071330389","https://openalex.org/W2074076539","https://openalex.org/W2084461717","https://openalex.org/W2089667832","https://openalex.org/W2110385858","https://openalex.org/W2112747809","https://openalex.org/W2290007791","https://openalex.org/W2325932454","https://openalex.org/W2624358865","https://openalex.org/W2800923910","https://openalex.org/W2891393638","https://openalex.org/W2913931245","https://openalex.org/W2922052966","https://openalex.org/W2979954955","https://openalex.org/W3080665129","https://openalex.org/W3117348925","https://openalex.org/W3165869665","https://openalex.org/W3182725504","https://openalex.org/W4285393467","https://openalex.org/W4304609683","https://openalex.org/W6653658251"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4313491177","https://openalex.org/W1760048621","https://openalex.org/W2620957852","https://openalex.org/W3094729343","https://openalex.org/W2947858700","https://openalex.org/W2789328793","https://openalex.org/W2038447363","https://openalex.org/W2964047399","https://openalex.org/W4392245488","https://openalex.org/W3165639474"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Understanding":[0],"and":[1,57,73,119,122,132,176],"improving":[2],"the":[3,13,24,30,47,50,54,58,74,90,98,127,129,133,140,144,152,161,173,177,189],"performance":[4],"of":[5,15,18,23,32,49,70,108,143],"miniature":[6],"devices":[7],"powered":[8],"by":[9,68,85],"micro-combustion":[10],"have":[11],"been":[12],"focus":[14],"continued":[16],"attention":[17],"researchers":[19],"recently.":[20],"The":[21,180],"goal":[22],"present":[25,99],"work":[26,100],"is":[27,66,149,164],"to":[28,138],"investigate":[29],"behavior":[31],"premixed":[33],"methane\u2013air":[34],"combustion":[35],"in":[36,89,192],"a":[37,106,167],"quartz":[38],"microreactor":[39,59],"with":[40,95,116],"an":[41],"externally":[42],"controlled":[43],"wall":[44],"temperature.":[45],"Specifically,":[46],"impacts":[48],"flow":[51],"inlet":[52,158,169],"velocity,":[53,170],"equivalence":[55,174],"ratio,":[56],"channel":[60,178],"size":[61],"are":[62,76,136],"examined.":[63],"This":[64],"study":[65],"conducted":[67],"means":[69],"computational":[71],"simulations,":[72],"results":[75,94],"validated":[77],"against":[78],"prior":[79],"experimental":[80],"data,":[81],"as":[82,84,111],"well":[83],"other":[86],"similar":[87],"studies":[88],"literature.":[91],"Utilizing":[92],"simulation":[93],"detailed":[96],"chemistry,":[97],"provides":[101],"more":[102],"in-depth":[103],"insight":[104],"into":[105],"variety":[107],"phenomena,":[109],"such":[110],"ignition,":[112,128],"flame":[113,123,130,145,190],"propagation,":[114],"flames":[115,153],"repetitive":[117],"extinctions":[118],"ignitions":[120],"(FREI),":[121],"stabilization.":[124],"In":[125],"particular,":[126],"span,":[131],"FREI-related":[134],"characteristics":[135,191],"scrutinized":[137],"understand":[139],"underlying":[141],"physics":[142],"stability/instability":[146],"modes.":[147,195],"It":[148],"shown":[150],"that":[151],"appear":[154],"stable":[155],"at":[156,166],"higher":[157],"velocities,":[159],"while":[160],"FREI":[162],"mode":[163],"detected":[165],"lower":[168],"depending":[171],"on":[172],"ratio":[175],"size.":[179],"findings":[181],"also":[182],"explain":[183],"how":[184],"different":[185],"operating":[186],"conditions":[187],"impact":[188],"both":[193],"stability":[194]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-10-16T09:59:22.235173","created_date":"2023-09-22T00:00:00"}
