{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4386863767","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08276331.2023.2253683","title":"Religion and spiritual influence on Igbo entrepreneurial behaviour and persistence","display_name":"Religion and spiritual influence on Igbo entrepreneurial behaviour and persistence","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-09-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4386863767","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08276331.2023.2253683"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1080/08276331.2023.2253683","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08276331.2023.2253683","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08276331.2023.2253683","pdf_url":"https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/08276331.2023.2253683?download=true","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764810659","display_name":"Journal of Small Business & Entrepreneurship","issn_l":"0827-6331","issn":["0827-6331","2169-2610"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-b","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","fnege-4","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-20","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Small Business & Entrepreneurship","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/08276331.2023.2253683?download=true","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077701467","display_name":"Paul Agu Igwe","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3624-1861","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3624-1861"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I51532219","display_name":"University of Lincoln","ror":"https://ror.org/03yeq9x20","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I51532219"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Paul Agu Igwe","raw_affiliation_strings":["Lincoln International Business School, University of Lincoln, Lincoln, England"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3624-1861","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Lincoln International Business School, University of Lincoln, Lincoln, England","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I51532219"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001515349","display_name":"Chinedu Ochinanwata","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I51532219","display_name":"University of Lincoln","ror":"https://ror.org/03yeq9x20","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I51532219"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chinedu Ochinanwata","raw_affiliation_strings":["Lincoln International Business School, University of Lincoln, Lincoln, England"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Lincoln International Business School, University of Lincoln, Lincoln, England","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I51532219"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5092366868","display_name":"Rebecca C. Emeordi","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I51532219","display_name":"University of Lincoln","ror":"https://ror.org/03yeq9x20","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I51532219"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rebecca Emeordi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Lincoln International Business School, University of Lincoln, Lincoln, England"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Lincoln International Business School, University of Lincoln, Lincoln, England","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I51532219"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5077701467"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I51532219"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.9119,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":16,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93183869,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"37","issue":"1","first_page":"62","last_page":"85"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10058","display_name":"Entrepreneurship Studies and Influences","score":0.9667999744415283,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1405","display_name":"Management of Technology and Innovation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10058","display_name":"Entrepreneurship Studies and Influences","score":0.9667999744415283,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1405","display_name":"Management of Technology and Innovation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12693","display_name":"Migration, Ethnicity, and Economy","score":0.01269999984651804,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12393","display_name":"Workplace Spirituality and Leadership","score":0.010900000110268593,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3317","display_name":"Demography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/religiosity","display_name":"religiosity","score":0.890999972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spirituality","display_name":"spirituality","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/entrepreneurial-behavior","display_name":"entrepreneurial behavior","score":0.9829999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/entrepreneurial-persistence","display_name":"entrepreneurial persistence","score":0.7960000038146973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chi","display_name":"CHI","score":0.4790000021457672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ancestor-worship","display_name":"ancestor veneration","score":0.5929999947547913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/family-business","display_name":"family business","score":0.8880000114440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/risk-taking","display_name":"risk-taking","score":0.7879999876022339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/community-entrepreneurship","display_name":"community entrepreneurship","score":0.9340000152587891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-responsibility","display_name":"social responsibility","score":0.859000027179718}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778410420","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33578","display_name":"Igbo","level":2,"score":0.9592926502227783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55958113","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q169480","display_name":"Indigenous","level":2,"score":0.758991003036499},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C514793146","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q168796","display_name":"Spirituality","level":3,"score":0.5974161624908447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84309077","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3908516","display_name":"Entrepreneurship","level":2,"score":0.5750690698623657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779793952","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1553701","display_name":"Religiosity","level":2,"score":0.5325426459312439},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.5189361572265625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.4817800223827362},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191795146","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3878446","display_name":"Norm (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.44440722465515137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.44000911712646484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.4239903688430786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C96420161","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q237789","display_name":"Collectivism","level":3,"score":0.42268267273902893},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.19488266110420227},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.1438964307308197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17022365","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q171995","display_name":"Individualism","level":2,"score":0.13669458031654358},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.09431779384613037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204787440","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188504","display_name":"Alternative medicine","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149923435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732","display_name":"Demography","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1080/08276331.2023.2253683","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08276331.2023.2253683","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08276331.2023.2253683","pdf_url":"https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/08276331.2023.2253683?download=true","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764810659","display_name":"Journal of Small Business & Entrepreneurship","issn_l":"0827-6331","issn":["0827-6331","2169-2610"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-b","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","fnege-4","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-20","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Small Business & Entrepreneurship","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:eprints.lincoln.ac.uk:56791","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://eprints.lincoln.ac.uk/id/eprint/56791/7/Religion%20and%20spiritual%20influence%20on%20Igbo%20entrepreneurial%20behaviour%20and%20persistence.pdf","pdf_url":"https://eprints.lincoln.ac.uk/id/eprint/56791/7/Religion%20and%20spiritual%20influence%20on%20Igbo%20entrepreneurial%20behaviour%20and%20persistence.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196275","display_name":"Lincoln Repository (University of Lincoln)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I51532219","host_organization_name":"University of Lincoln","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I51532219"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:figshare.com:article/24959616","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/Religion_and_Spiritual_Influence_on_Igbo_Entrepreneurial_Behaviour_and_Persistence/24959616","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196282","display_name":"Figshare","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210132348","host_organization_name":"Figshare (United Kingdom)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210132348"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1080/08276331.2023.2253683","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08276331.2023.2253683","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08276331.2023.2253683","pdf_url":"https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/08276331.2023.2253683?download=true","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764810659","display_name":"Journal of Small Business & Entrepreneurship","issn_l":"0827-6331","issn":["0827-6331","2169-2610"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-b","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","fnege-4","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-20","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Small Business & Entrepreneurship","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"score":0.6899999976158142,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8","display_name":"Decent work and economic growth"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320273","display_name":"University of Cambridge","ror":"https://ror.org/013meh722"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322370","display_name":"East China Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/02n96ep67"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4386863767.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4386863767.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":70,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W14586836","https://openalex.org/W81685006","https://openalex.org/W111315300","https://openalex.org/W339572740","https://openalex.org/W1521610685","https://openalex.org/W1553732013","https://openalex.org/W1607675442","https://openalex.org/W1893938325","https://openalex.org/W1968936964","https://openalex.org/W1973739624","https://openalex.org/W1983308934","https://openalex.org/W1996537012","https://openalex.org/W1996619080","https://openalex.org/W1999628274","https://openalex.org/W2007787963","https://openalex.org/W2017858257","https://openalex.org/W2065002116","https://openalex.org/W2066042451","https://openalex.org/W2072816014","https://openalex.org/W2085028749","https://openalex.org/W2159195335","https://openalex.org/W2159690082","https://openalex.org/W2161291560","https://openalex.org/W2316031767","https://openalex.org/W2328157534","https://openalex.org/W2332581528","https://openalex.org/W2470743207","https://openalex.org/W2567601892","https://openalex.org/W2648316240","https://openalex.org/W2729486205","https://openalex.org/W2754799758","https://openalex.org/W2763545405","https://openalex.org/W2765975210","https://openalex.org/W2766022928","https://openalex.org/W2790943566","https://openalex.org/W2791431341","https://openalex.org/W2793738252","https://openalex.org/W2794397653","https://openalex.org/W2807590228","https://openalex.org/W2892278912","https://openalex.org/W2895780146","https://openalex.org/W2900524169","https://openalex.org/W2958148833","https://openalex.org/W2973874934","https://openalex.org/W2991240625","https://openalex.org/W3008389109","https://openalex.org/W3009426579","https://openalex.org/W3021404638","https://openalex.org/W3028100120","https://openalex.org/W3045920931","https://openalex.org/W3094494218","https://openalex.org/W3107553518","https://openalex.org/W3109785736","https://openalex.org/W3133491628","https://openalex.org/W3140300691","https://openalex.org/W3159610574","https://openalex.org/W3173927836","https://openalex.org/W3177648834","https://openalex.org/W3199731281","https://openalex.org/W3216898635","https://openalex.org/W4206225873","https://openalex.org/W4214613926","https://openalex.org/W4224239960","https://openalex.org/W4233900150","https://openalex.org/W4249028597","https://openalex.org/W4298413470","https://openalex.org/W4309333477","https://openalex.org/W4322008822","https://openalex.org/W4361028172","https://openalex.org/W6700866980"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2892278912","https://openalex.org/W1608386205","https://openalex.org/W2774846332","https://openalex.org/W7065544376","https://openalex.org/W2902440456","https://openalex.org/W3092938907","https://openalex.org/W4385220804","https://openalex.org/W3101742093","https://openalex.org/W4385879114","https://openalex.org/W2888992289"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"article":[1],"examines":[2],"how":[3],"religiosity":[4],"and":[5,25,39,54,91,94,119,142],"spirituality":[6],"influence":[7,151],"entrepreneurial":[8,116,152,157,175,183],"behaviour.The":[9],"focus":[10],"is":[11,178],"on":[12,71],"indigenous":[13,26],"Igbos":[14,103],"in":[15,41],"Nigeria.Igbos":[16],"are":[17,32,69,145],"famous":[18],"for":[19,35],"successfully":[20],"establishing":[21],"transgenerational":[22],"business":[23,166],"legacies":[24],"enterprise":[27],"clusters":[28],"across":[29],"West":[30],"Africa.They":[31],"also":[33],"notorious":[34],"their":[36,115],"cultural":[37,67],"devotion":[38],"belief":[40],"Chi":[42],"or":[43,49],"Chukwu":[44],"(God),":[45],"alusi":[46],"(gods,":[47],"spirits":[48],"deities),":[50],"ndi":[51],"ichie":[52],"(ancestors)":[53],"the":[55,57,64,72,102,112,146,161,170],"oracle.Hence,":[56],"majority":[58],"of":[59,75,163],"Igbo":[60,132],"personal":[61],"names":[62],"contain":[63],"word":[65],"'Chi'.Igbo":[66],"values":[68],"based":[70],"spiritual":[73],"maxims":[74],"'Onye":[76,86],"a":[77,104,121,164],"Hana":[78],"Nwanne":[79],"ya'":[80],"(don't":[81],"leave":[82],"your":[83],"brother":[84],"behind),":[85],"biri":[87],"ebeya":[88],"biri'":[89],"(live":[90],"let":[92],"live)":[93],"'Akuruno'":[95],"(make":[96],"wealth":[97],"reach":[98],"home).These":[99],"charactertics":[100],"make":[101],"unique":[105],"population,":[106],"which":[107],"allows":[108],"us":[109],"to":[110,134],"examine":[111],"links":[113],"between":[114],"behaviour,":[117],"religion":[118],"spirituality.Using":[120],"qualitative":[122],"design":[123],"(interviews),":[124],"we":[125],"analyzed":[126],"expert":[127],"data":[128],"provided":[129],"by":[130],"34":[131],"entrepreneurs":[133],"clarify":[135],"these":[136],"links.The":[137],"findings":[138],"reveal":[139],"that":[140,150,160,177],"'other-worldly'":[141,154],"'thisworldly'":[143],"orientation":[144,155,173],"two":[147],"main":[148],"forces":[149],"behaviour.An":[153],"influences":[156,174],"behaviour":[158,176],"such":[159],"pursuit":[162],"family":[165],"lifestyle":[167],"has":[168],"become":[169],"norm.Also,":[171],"'this-worldly'":[172],"associated":[179],"with":[180],"risktaking,":[181],"informal":[182],"learning,":[184],"community-based":[185],"entrepreneurship,":[186],"social":[187],"responsibility,":[188],"etc.":[189]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2026-09-24T07:57:37.273135","created_date":"2023-09-20T00:00:00"}