{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4386837579","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2023.1230492","title":"Knowledge, attitudes, and practices of caregivers on childhood immunization in Okaikoi sub-metro of Accra, Ghana","display_name":"Knowledge, attitudes, and practices of caregivers on childhood immunization in Okaikoi sub-metro of Accra, Ghana","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-09-15","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4386837579","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2023.1230492","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37780451","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/10540614"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3389/fpubh.2023.1230492","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2023.1230492","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2023.1230492","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpubh.2023.1230492/pdf?isPublishedV2=False","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2595931848","display_name":"Frontiers in Public Health","issn_l":"2296-2565","issn":["2296-2565"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Public Health","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpubh.2023.1230492/pdf?isPublishedV2=False","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109712546","display_name":"Samuel E. Danso","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I138690464","display_name":"University of Ghana","ror":"https://ror.org/01r22mr83","country_code":"GH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I138690464"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210159584","display_name":"Ghana Health Service","ror":"https://ror.org/052ss8w32","country_code":"GH","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111406484","https://openalex.org/I4210159584"]}],"countries":["GH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Samuel E. Danso","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Community Health, University of Ghana Medical and Dental School, College of Health Science, Accra, Ghana","GA East Hospital, Accra, Ghana"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Community Health, University of Ghana Medical and Dental School, College of Health Science, Accra, Ghana","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I138690464"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"GA East Hospital, Accra, Ghana","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210159584"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039371159","display_name":"Augustina Frimpong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8637-6054","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8637-6054"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I138690464","display_name":"University of Ghana","ror":"https://ror.org/01r22mr83","country_code":"GH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I138690464"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210091910","display_name":"Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research","ror":"https://ror.org/00f1qr933","country_code":"GH","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I138690464","https://openalex.org/I4210091910"]}],"countries":["GH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Augustina Frimpong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Immunology, Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Immunology, Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I138690464","https://openalex.org/I4210091910"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061592780","display_name":"Nana Ayegua Hagan Seneadza","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8836-7154","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8836-7154"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I138690464","display_name":"University of Ghana","ror":"https://ror.org/01r22mr83","country_code":"GH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I138690464"]}],"countries":["GH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nana A. H. Seneadza","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Community Health, University of Ghana Medical and Dental School, College of Health Science, Accra, Ghana"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Community Health, University of Ghana Medical and Dental School, College of Health Science, Accra, Ghana","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I138690464"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082042874","display_name":"Michael Fokuo Ofori","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2341-7514","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2341-7514"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I138690464","display_name":"University of Ghana","ror":"https://ror.org/01r22mr83","country_code":"GH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I138690464"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210091910","display_name":"Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research","ror":"https://ror.org/00f1qr933","country_code":"GH","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I138690464","https://openalex.org/I4210091910"]}],"countries":["GH"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Michael F. Ofori","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Immunology, Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Immunology, Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I138690464","https://openalex.org/I4210091910"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5082042874"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I138690464","https://openalex.org/I4210091910"],"apc_list":{"value":3295,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3295},"apc_paid":{"value":3295,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3295},"fwci":5.6688,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":21,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96873057,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"11","issue":null,"first_page":"1230492","last_page":"1230492"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10833","display_name":"Vaccine Coverage and Hesitancy","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3306","display_name":"Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10833","display_name":"Vaccine Coverage and Hesitancy","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3306","display_name":"Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10209","display_name":"Global Maternal and Child Health","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2735","display_name":"Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13410","display_name":"Immune responses and vaccinations","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2403","display_name":"Immunology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/childhood-immunization","display_name":"childhood immunization","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vaccine-hesitancy","display_name":"vaccine hesitancy","score":0.9879999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/caregiver-knowledge-attitudes-and-practices","display_name":"caregiver knowledge, attitudes and practices","score":0.859000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/incomplete-vaccination","display_name":"incomplete immunization","score":0.953000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/expanded-programme-on-immunization","display_name":"Expanded Programme on Immunization","score":0.9210000038146973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/maternal-education","display_name":"maternal education","score":0.7379999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vaccine-adverse-reactions","display_name":"vaccine adverse reactions","score":0.5860000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/time-constraints","display_name":"time constraints","score":0.45100000500679016}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780801004","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1415366","display_name":"Immunization","level":3,"score":0.867629885673523},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22070199","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192995","display_name":"Vaccination","level":2,"score":0.8392887115478516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.7157320380210876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27415008","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7256382","display_name":"Psychological intervention","level":2,"score":0.6840639114379883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C512399662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3505712","display_name":"Family medicine","level":1,"score":0.5619022846221924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779134260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136","display_name":"Disease","level":2,"score":0.47152742743492126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99454951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932068","display_name":"Environmental health","level":1,"score":0.4457568824291229},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187212893","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q123028","display_name":"Pediatrics","level":1,"score":0.3452458381652832},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159110408","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121176","display_name":"Nursing","level":1,"score":0.22780701518058777},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203014093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929","display_name":"Immunology","level":1,"score":0.18841087818145752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147483822","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q103537","display_name":"Antigen","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D002648","descriptor_name":"Child","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003430","descriptor_name":"Cross-Sectional Studies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005869","descriptor_name":"Ghana","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007114","descriptor_name":"Immunization","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007223","descriptor_name":"Infant","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007722","descriptor_name":"Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D011247","descriptor_name":"Pregnancy","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017028","descriptor_name":"Caregivers","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3389/fpubh.2023.1230492","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2023.1230492","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2023.1230492","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpubh.2023.1230492/pdf?isPublishedV2=False","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2595931848","display_name":"Frontiers in Public Health","issn_l":"2296-2565","issn":["2296-2565"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Public Health","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:10540614","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/10540614","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10540614/pdf/fpubh-11-1230492.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Front Public Health","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:37780451","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37780451","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in public health","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:00a134f54c0d4a20b19806d6c548624d","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/00a134f54c0d4a20b19806d6c548624d","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Public Health, Vol 11 (2023)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3389/fpubh.2023.1230492","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2023.1230492","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2023.1230492","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpubh.2023.1230492/pdf?isPublishedV2=False","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2595931848","display_name":"Frontiers in Public Health","issn_l":"2296-2565","issn":["2296-2565"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Public Health","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9940000176429749,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4386837579.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4386837579.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":25,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W126999275","https://openalex.org/W1494028032","https://openalex.org/W1512120939","https://openalex.org/W1518823813","https://openalex.org/W1965905958","https://openalex.org/W1966285387","https://openalex.org/W1968238917","https://openalex.org/W1988605603","https://openalex.org/W1999800792","https://openalex.org/W2020277073","https://openalex.org/W2119239158","https://openalex.org/W2149125716","https://openalex.org/W2149264487","https://openalex.org/W2519842089","https://openalex.org/W2625222254","https://openalex.org/W2795902172","https://openalex.org/W2802521104","https://openalex.org/W2884567582","https://openalex.org/W3023305314","https://openalex.org/W3025065655","https://openalex.org/W3089094268","https://openalex.org/W3090280537","https://openalex.org/W3112469149","https://openalex.org/W3157987807","https://openalex.org/W4205254595"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2334515655","https://openalex.org/W7204438901","https://openalex.org/W3184822253","https://openalex.org/W2949932275","https://openalex.org/W3097311711","https://openalex.org/W7133752382","https://openalex.org/W4387131386","https://openalex.org/W2488131460","https://openalex.org/W2066003568","https://openalex.org/W2598019525"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Background:":[0],"Immunization":[1],"remains":[2],"one":[3],"of":[4,15,65,74,94,98,163,176,253,266],"the":[5,33,47,60,89,122,135,174,177,207,226,229,250,256,263,273,277,285,290],"most":[6],"cost-effective":[7],"health":[8,291],"interventions.":[9],"However,":[10],"there":[11],"are":[12,22],"still":[13],"issues":[14],"vaccine":[16,35,51],"hesitancy":[17,52],"especially":[18],"in":[19,37,53,70,76,228,255,272],"caregivers":[20,66,100,126,188,227],"who":[21],"required":[23],"to":[24,45,58,87,106,130,144,195,201,210,212,245,270,297],"protect":[25],"their":[26,197,202,259],"children":[27,254],"from":[28],"vaccine-preventable":[29],"diseases.":[30],"This":[31,248],"thwarts":[32],"overall":[34],"coverage":[36],"disease-endemic":[38],"areas":[39],"such":[40],"as":[41,165,167],"sub-Saharan":[42],"Africa.":[43],"Therefore,":[44],"determine":[46,88],"factors":[48],"that":[49,157,187,289,299],"promote":[50],"caregivers,":[54],"this":[55],"study":[56,81,223],"sought":[57],"assess":[59],"knowledge,":[61,90],"attitude,":[62],"and":[63,92,117,151,160,236,239,279,284],"practices":[64,93],"on":[67,82,234],"childhood":[68,83,214],"immunization":[69,84,131,146,215,252,271],"Okaikoi,":[71],"a":[72,112],"sub-metro":[73,274],"Accra":[75],"Ghana.":[77],"Methods:":[78],"A":[79,96],"cross-sectional":[80],"was":[85,155,185,216,275],"conducted":[86],"attitudes,":[91],"caregivers.":[95,182,260],"total":[97],"120":[99],"with":[101,111,189,241,268,294],"infants":[102,124],"aged":[103],"12":[104],"months":[105,108],"23":[107],"were":[109,137,147,193],"interviewed":[110],"structured":[113],"questionnaire":[114],"containing":[115],"open-ended":[116],"closed-ended":[118],"queries.":[119],"Results:":[120],"From":[121],"community,":[123],"whose":[125],"had":[127,231],"adhered":[128],"completely":[129],"constituted":[132],"53.3%":[133],"while":[134],"rest":[136],"partially":[138],"immunized.":[139],"The":[140,222],"two":[141],"main":[142,208,264],"deterrents":[143],"complete":[145,196,213],"time":[148],"constraints":[149],"(25.8%)":[150],"forgetfulness":[152],"(17.5%).":[153],"It":[154],"observed":[156],"vaccination":[158,168,198,235,246],"uptake":[159],"maternal":[161,218],"level":[162],"education,":[164],"well":[166],"adverse":[169],"reaction,":[170],"did":[171],"not":[172],"impact":[173],"completion":[175],"EPI":[178],"program":[179],"by":[180,258],"these":[181],"Unfortunately,":[183],"it":[184],"noted":[186],"higher":[190],"education":[191],"levels":[192],"unable":[194],"schedules":[199],"due":[200],"busy":[203],"work":[204],"schedules.":[205,247],"Nonetheless,":[206],"deterrent":[209],"adhering":[211],"poor":[217,232],"knowledge":[219,233],"(58%).":[220],"Conclusion:":[221],"revealed":[224],"that,":[225],"community":[230,257],"its":[237],"benefits,":[238],"therefore,":[240],"no":[242],"strict":[243],"adherence":[244],"promoted":[249],"incomplete":[251],"Also,":[261],"since":[262],"source":[265],"information":[267,301],"regard":[269],"through":[276],"antenatal":[278],"postnatal":[280],"child":[281],"welfare":[282],"clinics":[283],"media,":[286],"we":[287],"recommend":[288],"workers":[292],"collaborate":[293],"media":[295],"personnel":[296],"ensure":[298],"standardized":[300],"is":[302],"disseminated.":[303]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2023-09-19T00:00:00"}