{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4386803792","doi":"https://doi.org/10.47191/ijmra/v6-i9-34","title":"The Influence of African Tradtional Spirituality on Christian Practices in Africa","display_name":"The Influence of African Tradtional Spirituality on Christian Practices in Africa","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-09-16","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4386803792","doi":"https://doi.org/10.47191/ijmra/v6-i9-34"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.47191/ijmra/v6-i9-34","doi":"https://doi.org/10.47191/ijmra/v6-i9-34","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.47191/ijmra/v6-i9-34","pdf_url":"https://www.ijmra.in/v6i9/Doc/34.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210241154","display_name":"INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MULTIDISCIPLINARY RESEARCH AND ANALYSIS","issn_l":"2643-9840","issn":["2643-9840","2643-9875"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MULTIDISCIPLINARY RESEARCH AND ANALYSIS","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://www.ijmra.in/v6i9/Doc/34.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5092874925","display_name":"Maria Goreth Sisiani","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I158990150","display_name":"St. Augustine University of Tanzania","ror":"https://ror.org/00p8msr48","country_code":"TZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I158990150"]}],"countries":["TZ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Maria Goreth Sisiani","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Tanzania , Faculty of Social Sciences and Communication , Department of Philosophy and Ethics","St. Augustine University of Tanzania, Faculty of Social Sciences and Communication, Department of Philosophy and Ethics"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Tanzania , Faculty of Social Sciences and Communication , Department of Philosophy and Ethics","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"St. Augustine University of Tanzania, Faculty of Social Sciences and Communication, Department of Philosophy and Ethics","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I158990150"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056279517","display_name":"Seraphine C. Komu","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I158990150","display_name":"St. Augustine University of Tanzania","ror":"https://ror.org/00p8msr48","country_code":"TZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I158990150"]}],"countries":["TZ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Seraphine C. Komu,","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Tanzania , Faculty of Social Sciences and Communication , Department of Philosophy and Ethics","St. Augustine University of Tanzania, Faculty of Social Sciences and Communication, Department of Philosophy and Ethics"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Tanzania , Faculty of Social Sciences and Communication , Department of Philosophy and Ethics","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"St. Augustine University of Tanzania, Faculty of Social Sciences and Communication, Department of Philosophy and Ethics","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I158990150"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029603317","display_name":"Denis Muhamba","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7033-3028","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7033-3028"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I158990150","display_name":"St. Augustine University of Tanzania","ror":"https://ror.org/00p8msr48","country_code":"TZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I158990150"]}],"countries":["TZ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Denis Muhamba","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Tanzania , Faculty of Social Sciences and Communication , Department of Philosophy and Ethics","St. Augustine University of Tanzania, Faculty of Social Sciences and Communication, Department of Philosophy and Ethics"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Tanzania , Faculty of Social Sciences and Communication , Department of Philosophy and Ethics","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"St. Augustine University of Tanzania, Faculty of Social Sciences and Communication, Department of Philosophy and Ethics","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I158990150"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5092418859","display_name":"Francis Kisandu","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I158990150","display_name":"St. Augustine University of Tanzania","ror":"https://ror.org/00p8msr48","country_code":"TZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I158990150"]}],"countries":["TZ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Francis J. Kisandu","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Tanzania , Faculty of Social Sciences and Communication , Department of Philosophy and Ethics","St. Augustine University of Tanzania, Faculty of Social Sciences and Communication, Department of Philosophy and Ethics"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Tanzania , Faculty of Social Sciences and Communication , Department of Philosophy and Ethics","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"St. Augustine University of Tanzania, Faculty of Social Sciences and Communication, Department of Philosophy and Ethics","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I158990150"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5092874926","display_name":"Christine Keneema","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I158990150","display_name":"St. Augustine University of Tanzania","ror":"https://ror.org/00p8msr48","country_code":"TZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I158990150"]}],"countries":["TZ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Christine Keneema","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Tanzania , Faculty of Social Sciences and Communication , Department of Philosophy and Ethics","St. Augustine University of Tanzania, Faculty of Social Sciences and Communication, Department of Philosophy and Ethics"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Tanzania , Faculty of Social Sciences and Communication , Department of Philosophy and Ethics","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"St. Augustine University of Tanzania, Faculty of Social Sciences and Communication, Department of Philosophy and Ethics","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I158990150"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I158990150"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":13.8283,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98704842,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"06","issue":"09","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13347","display_name":"Christian Theology and Mission","score":0.8159000277519226,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1212","display_name":"Religious studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13347","display_name":"Christian Theology and Mission","score":0.8159000277519226,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1212","display_name":"Religious studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13636","display_name":"Pentecostalism and Christianity Studies","score":0.15700000524520874,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1212","display_name":"Religious studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14228","display_name":"Religion and Sociopolitical Dynamics in Nigeria","score":0.016899999231100082,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3300","display_name":"General Social Sciences"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/african-christianity","display_name":"African Christianity","score":0.9309999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/syncretism","display_name":"syncretism","score":0.7879999876022339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ancestor-worship","display_name":"ancestor veneration","score":0.8080000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/divination","display_name":"divination","score":0.9909999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/healing-practices","display_name":"healing practices","score":0.9480000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/religious-pluralism","display_name":"religious pluralism","score":0.5360000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/religion-and-colonialism","display_name":"colonialism and religion","score":0.6140000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/catholicism","display_name":"Catholicism","score":0.7749999761581421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/protestantism","display_name":"Protestantism","score":0.9990000128746033}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C551968917","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5043","display_name":"Christianity","level":2,"score":0.8988723754882812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C514793146","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q168796","display_name":"Spirituality","level":3,"score":0.8181958198547363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55958113","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q169480","display_name":"Indigenous","level":2,"score":0.7548703551292419},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C516765717","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1043197","display_name":"Divination","level":2,"score":0.6701515913009644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777783167","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1579384","display_name":"Veneration","level":2,"score":0.6014246344566345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95457728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309","display_name":"History","level":0,"score":0.42295774817466736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.42185115814208984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111021475","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23540","display_name":"Protestantism","level":2,"score":0.42139601707458496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2549261","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43455","display_name":"Ethnology","level":1,"score":0.4170433282852173},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24667770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34187","display_name":"Religious studies","level":1,"score":0.38324248790740967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19165224","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23404","display_name":"Anthropology","level":1,"score":0.34382912516593933},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27206212","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34178","display_name":"Theology","level":1,"score":0.19528517127037048},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195244886","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41493","display_name":"Ancient history","level":1,"score":0.16291683912277222},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.1542573869228363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.14790916442871094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204787440","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188504","display_name":"Alternative medicine","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.47191/ijmra/v6-i9-34","doi":"https://doi.org/10.47191/ijmra/v6-i9-34","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.47191/ijmra/v6-i9-34","pdf_url":"https://www.ijmra.in/v6i9/Doc/34.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210241154","display_name":"INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MULTIDISCIPLINARY RESEARCH AND ANALYSIS","issn_l":"2643-9840","issn":["2643-9840","2643-9875"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MULTIDISCIPLINARY RESEARCH AND ANALYSIS","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.47191/ijmra/v6-i9-34","doi":"https://doi.org/10.47191/ijmra/v6-i9-34","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.47191/ijmra/v6-i9-34","pdf_url":"https://www.ijmra.in/v6i9/Doc/34.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210241154","display_name":"INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MULTIDISCIPLINARY RESEARCH AND ANALYSIS","issn_l":"2643-9840","issn":["2643-9840","2643-9875"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MULTIDISCIPLINARY RESEARCH AND ANALYSIS","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4386803792.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4386803792.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":17,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W568934546","https://openalex.org/W641773722","https://openalex.org/W642713587","https://openalex.org/W1603946436","https://openalex.org/W2038059465","https://openalex.org/W2085330652","https://openalex.org/W2093870624","https://openalex.org/W2168122057","https://openalex.org/W2171923804","https://openalex.org/W2273970741","https://openalex.org/W2306476631","https://openalex.org/W2318192282","https://openalex.org/W2498904004","https://openalex.org/W2727770692","https://openalex.org/W2971100578","https://openalex.org/W6628863418","https://openalex.org/W6636301706"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W6945214407","https://openalex.org/W2198269405","https://openalex.org/W1517349999","https://openalex.org/W590809472","https://openalex.org/W2013147756","https://openalex.org/W7128640194","https://openalex.org/W2982460309","https://openalex.org/W4293200375","https://openalex.org/W2794000526","https://openalex.org/W3602974"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Human":[0],"beings":[1],"are":[2,22],"religious":[3,24,191],"by":[4],"nature.":[5],"In":[6],"the":[7,15,27,37,70,76,105,114,120,137,149,174,190,196],"discussion":[8],"on":[9,17,43,148],"African":[10,40,55,169,178],"traditional":[11,41,56],"spirituality,":[12],"it":[13,110],"provides":[14,33],"proofs":[16],"how":[18,186],"Africans":[19],"were":[20],"and":[21,61,66,72,94,96,156,166,185,192],"notoriously":[23],"even":[25],"before":[26],"advent":[28],"of":[29,36,39,64,75,78,85,116,136,161,195],"Christianity.":[30],"This":[31,171],"article":[32,53,172],"an":[34],"overview":[35],"influence":[38],"spirituality":[42,57,179],"Christian":[44],"Practices":[45],"in":[46,51,104,119,141,152,176,183],"Africa.":[47,79,131],"It":[48,80],"is":[49,58,134,154],"noted":[50],"this":[52,187],"that":[54,68,123],"a":[59,82,159],"diverse":[60,155],"complex":[62],"set":[63],"beliefs":[65,74],"practices":[67],"reflect":[69],"cultural":[71,193],"spiritual":[73],"people":[77],"encompasses":[81],"wide":[83],"range":[84,160],"practices,":[86,92],"including":[87,163],"ancestor":[88],"veneration,":[89],"divination,":[90],"healing":[91],"music":[93],"dance,":[95],"community":[97],"building.":[98],"Christianity":[99,124,133,151,182],"was":[100,111],"introduced":[101],"to":[102,126],"Africa":[103,153],"1st":[106],"century":[107,122],"AD,":[108],"but":[109],"not":[112],"until":[113],"arrival":[115],"European":[117],"colonizers":[118],"16th":[121],"began":[125],"spread":[127],"more":[128],"widely":[129],"throughout":[130],"Today,":[132],"one":[135],"most":[138],"widespread":[139],"religions":[140],"Africa,":[142,184],"with":[143],"over":[144],"541":[145],"million":[146],"adherents":[147],"continent.":[150,197],"complex,":[157],"encompassing":[158],"denominations,":[162],"Catholicism,":[164],"Protestantism,":[165],"various":[167],"indigenous":[168],"churches.":[170],"explores":[173],"ways":[175],"which":[177],"has":[180,188],"influenced":[181],"shaped":[189],"landscape":[194]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-16T09:59:22.235173","created_date":"2023-09-17T00:00:00"}