{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4386714769","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/app131810231","title":"Suitability Assessment of Multilayer Urban Underground Space Based on Entropy and CRITIC Combined Weighting Method: A Case Study in Xiong\u2019an New Area, China","display_name":"Suitability Assessment of Multilayer Urban Underground Space Based on Entropy and CRITIC Combined Weighting Method: A Case Study in Xiong\u2019an New Area, China","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-09-12","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4386714769","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/app131810231"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/app131810231","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/app131810231","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/app131810231","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/13/18/10231/pdf?version=1694511918","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210205812","display_name":"Applied Sciences","issn_l":"2076-3417","issn":["2076-3417"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","norway-1","oarl","poland-100","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Applied Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/13/18/10231/pdf?version=1694511918","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079255508","display_name":"Hongwei Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3503-8220","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3503-8220"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799486974","display_name":"China Geological Survey","ror":"https://ror.org/04wtq2305","country_code":"CN","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799486974"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802497816","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/02gp4e279","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802497816"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Hongwei Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, No. 26 Baiwanzhuang Street, Beijing 100037, China","Tianjin Center, China Geological Survey, No. 4 Dazhigu 8th Road, Tianjin 300170, China","Xiong\u2019an Urban Geological Research Center, China Geological Survey, No. 4 Dazhigu 8th Road, Tianjin 300170, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, No. 26 Baiwanzhuang Street, Beijing 100037, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802497816"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tianjin Center, China Geological Survey, No. 4 Dazhigu 8th Road, Tianjin 300170, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799486974"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Xiong\u2019an Urban Geological Research Center, China Geological Survey, No. 4 Dazhigu 8th Road, Tianjin 300170, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799486974"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100393951","display_name":"Zhuang Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9531-420X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9531-420X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799486974","display_name":"China Geological Survey","ror":"https://ror.org/04wtq2305","country_code":"CN","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799486974"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhuang Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tianjin Center, China Geological Survey, No. 4 Dazhigu 8th Road, Tianjin 300170, China","Xiong\u2019an Urban Geological Research Center, China Geological Survey, No. 4 Dazhigu 8th Road, Tianjin 300170, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tianjin Center, China Geological Survey, No. 4 Dazhigu 8th Road, Tianjin 300170, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799486974"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Xiong\u2019an Urban Geological Research Center, China Geological Survey, No. 4 Dazhigu 8th Road, Tianjin 300170, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799486974"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066802333","display_name":"Qingcheng He","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802497816","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/02gp4e279","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802497816"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qingcheng He","raw_affiliation_strings":["Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, No. 26 Baiwanzhuang Street, Beijing 100037, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, No. 26 Baiwanzhuang Street, Beijing 100037, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802497816"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5079255508"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799486974","https://openalex.org/I2802497816"],"apc_list":{"value":2300,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2558},"apc_paid":{"value":2300,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2558},"fwci":2.2067,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":20,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.85862487,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":"18","first_page":"10231","last_page":"10231"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13689","display_name":"Underground infrastructure and sustainability","score":0.9872999787330627,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2215","display_name":"Building and Construction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13689","display_name":"Underground infrastructure and sustainability","score":0.9872999787330627,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2215","display_name":"Building and Construction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13920","display_name":"Urban Planning and Valuation","score":0.0024999999441206455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3305","display_name":"Geography, Planning and Development"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13058","display_name":"Soil and Land Suitability Analysis","score":0.002199999988079071,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2308","display_name":"Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/urban-underground-space","display_name":"urban underground space","score":0.968999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/entropy-weight-method","display_name":"entropy weight method","score":0.7350000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/critic-weighting","display_name":"CRITIC weighting","score":0.9419999718666077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multi-criteria-decision-making","display_name":"multi-criteria decision making","score":0.7929999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/underground-space-utilization","display_name":"underground space utilization","score":0.5600000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/xiong-an-new-area","display_name":"Xiong'an New Area","score":0.8069999814033508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/baiyangdian-lake","display_name":"Baiyangdian Lake","score":0.8669999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/disaster-prevention","display_name":"disaster prevention","score":0.5379999876022339}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C183115368","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q856577","display_name":"Weighting","level":2,"score":0.6739574074745178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.46881532669067383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106301342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4117933","display_name":"Entropy (arrow of time)","level":2,"score":0.447290301322937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.41775134205818176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76177295","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161598","display_name":"Groundwater","level":2,"score":0.4123341739177704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147176958","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77590","display_name":"Civil engineering","level":1,"score":0.4046962857246399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22212356","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q775325","display_name":"Transport engineering","level":1,"score":0.35190027952194214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C524765639","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1501619","display_name":"Water resource management","level":1,"score":0.33076798915863037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.24709337949752808},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.1814993917942047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187320778","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1349130","display_name":"Geotechnical engineering","level":1,"score":0.1309247612953186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126838900","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77604","display_name":"Radiology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/app131810231","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/app131810231","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/app131810231","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/13/18/10231/pdf?version=1694511918","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210205812","display_name":"Applied Sciences","issn_l":"2076-3417","issn":["2076-3417"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","norway-1","oarl","poland-100","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Applied Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:9619775029f94625b03ae6856a7b24d8","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/9619775029f94625b03ae6856a7b24d8","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Applied Sciences, Vol 13, Iss 18, p 10231 (2023)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/app131810231","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/app131810231","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/app131810231","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/13/18/10231/pdf?version=1694511918","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210205812","display_name":"Applied Sciences","issn_l":"2076-3417","issn":["2076-3417"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","norway-1","oarl","poland-100","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Applied Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","score":0.8787999749183655,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11"},{"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","score":0.4943999946117401,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G665257859","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"DD20221727","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334926","funder_display_name":"China Geological Survey"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334926","display_name":"China Geological Survey","ror":"https://ror.org/04wtq2305"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4386714769.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4386714769.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":44,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W975858068","https://openalex.org/W1483847852","https://openalex.org/W1561608833","https://openalex.org/W1995875735","https://openalex.org/W2021061096","https://openalex.org/W2043239957","https://openalex.org/W2066495914","https://openalex.org/W2169715653","https://openalex.org/W2277950859","https://openalex.org/W2330055868","https://openalex.org/W2463270922","https://openalex.org/W2564520334","https://openalex.org/W2673480055","https://openalex.org/W2754543762","https://openalex.org/W2765153296","https://openalex.org/W2775909508","https://openalex.org/W2791499647","https://openalex.org/W2800374244","https://openalex.org/W2943871501","https://openalex.org/W2950458763","https://openalex.org/W3004830615","https://openalex.org/W3020606269","https://openalex.org/W3034078170","https://openalex.org/W3038184569","https://openalex.org/W3087130651","https://openalex.org/W3112554041","https://openalex.org/W3113063417","https://openalex.org/W3135853155","https://openalex.org/W3142132118","https://openalex.org/W3154804922","https://openalex.org/W3170148327","https://openalex.org/W3179860447","https://openalex.org/W3188618961","https://openalex.org/W3203388285","https://openalex.org/W3209021956","https://openalex.org/W4205444689","https://openalex.org/W4210366190","https://openalex.org/W4212870889","https://openalex.org/W4282583688","https://openalex.org/W4289929681","https://openalex.org/W4317401508","https://openalex.org/W4320918527","https://openalex.org/W4361267539","https://openalex.org/W6802764633"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4401117822","https://openalex.org/W4393132305","https://openalex.org/W4408687674","https://openalex.org/W3112554041","https://openalex.org/W4403562443","https://openalex.org/W4210366190","https://openalex.org/W4408562623","https://openalex.org/W4384701000","https://openalex.org/W4412698791","https://openalex.org/W2384999871"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Suitability":[0],"assessment":[1,76,116,139],"is":[2,68],"an":[3,115],"essential":[4],"initial":[5],"step":[6],"in":[7,19,190,237,258,270],"the":[8,34,38,79,83,99,157,159,162,191,230,249],"scientific":[9,250],"utilization":[10,27,84],"of":[11,40,85,101,164,209,234,240,255],"underground":[12,31,65,86,103,143,176,241,256],"space.":[13,177,242],"It":[14],"plays":[15],"a":[16,72,134,137],"significant":[17],"role":[18],"providing":[20],"valuable":[21,246],"insights":[22],"for":[23,142,170,213,217,221,226,248,267],"optimizing":[24],"planning":[25,251],"and":[26,43,56,62,88,97,108,121,152,166,174,198,224,252,262],"strategies.":[28],"Utilizing":[29],"urban":[30,41,64],"space":[32,87,144,257],"has":[33],"potential":[35],"to":[36,70],"enhance":[37],"capacity":[39],"infrastructure":[42],"public":[44],"service":[45],"facilities,":[46],"as":[47,49,53,133,265],"well":[48],"mitigate":[50],"issues":[51],"such":[52],"traffic":[54],"congestion":[55],"land":[57],"scarcity.":[58],"To":[59,105],"effectively":[60],"plan":[61],"utilize":[63],"space,":[66],"it":[67],"crucial":[69],"conduct":[71],"suitability":[73,138,165,186,200,235,269],"assessment.":[74],"This":[75],"helps":[77],"identify":[78],"factors":[80,169,233],"that":[81,118,181],"influence":[82],"their":[89],"impacts,":[90],"offering":[91],"guidance":[92],"on":[93],"avoiding":[94],"unfavorable":[95],"conditions":[96],"ensuring":[98],"safety":[100],"planned":[102],"facilities.":[104],"achieve":[106],"objective":[107],"reasonable":[109],"evaluation":[110],"results,":[111],"this":[112],"paper":[113],"proposed":[114],"method":[117],"combines":[119],"entropy":[120],"CRITIC":[122],"(CRiteria":[123],"Importance":[124],"Through":[125],"Intercriteria":[126],"Correlation)":[127],"weighting.":[128],"Taking":[129],"Xiong\u2019an":[130,259],"New":[131,260],"Area":[132],"study":[135,160,192],"area,":[136],"indicator":[140],"system":[141,148],"was":[145],"established.":[146],"The":[147,178,194],"included":[149],"criteria":[150],"indicators":[151],"sub-criteria":[153],"indicators.":[154],"By":[155],"analyzing":[156],"weights,":[158],"identified":[161],"difference":[163],"critical":[167],"affecting":[168,232],"shallow,":[171],"sub-shallow,":[172],"sub-deep,":[173],"deep":[175,182,227],"results":[179],"showed":[180],"layers":[183,189,239],"had":[184],"better":[185],"than":[187],"shallow":[188,214],"area.":[193],"regions":[195],"with":[196,207],"inferior":[197],"worse":[199],"were":[201],"mostly":[202],"located":[203],"around":[204],"Baiyangdian":[205],"Lake,":[206],"proportions":[208],"acreage":[210],"at":[211],"54.69%":[212],"layer,":[215,219,223],"42.06%":[216],"sub-shallow":[218],"41.69%":[220],"sub-deep":[222],"42.03%":[225],"layer.":[228],"Additionally,":[229],"dominant":[231],"varied":[236],"different":[238],"These":[243],"findings":[244],"provide":[245],"evidence":[247],"disaster":[253],"prevention":[254],"Area,":[261],"also":[263],"serve":[264],"references":[266],"studying":[268],"other":[271],"areas.":[272]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2023-09-14T00:00:00"}
