{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4386461145","doi":"https://doi.org/10.18697/ajfand.123.23340","title":"Effect of bioslurry effluent on seedling growth of swiss chard (Beta vulgaris L.)","display_name":"Effect of bioslurry effluent on seedling growth of swiss chard (Beta vulgaris L.)","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-09-05","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4386461145","doi":"https://doi.org/10.18697/ajfand.123.23340"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.18697/ajfand.123.23340","doi":"https://doi.org/10.18697/ajfand.123.23340","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.18697/ajfand.123.23340","pdf_url":"https://doi.org/10.18697/ajfand.123.23340","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112978253","display_name":"African Journal of Food Agriculture Nutrition and Development","issn_l":"1684-5358","issn":["1684-5358","1684-5374"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["doaj","jpps-2","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-20","russia-white-list-3","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311044","host_organization_name":"African Scholarly Science Communications Trust","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311044"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["African Scholarly Science Communications Trust"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"African Journal of Food, Agriculture, Nutrition and Development","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","datacite","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.18697/ajfand.123.23340","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"A Dumani","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"A Dumani","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Rural Development and Agrarian Reform, Dohne Agricultural Development Institute, Stutterheim, Eastern Cape, South Africa"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Rural Development and Agrarian Reform, Dohne Agricultural Development Institute, Stutterheim, Eastern Cape, South Africa","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043395447","display_name":"TT Silwana","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99712911","display_name":"Nelson Mandela University","ror":"https://ror.org/03r1jm528","country_code":"ZA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99712911"]}],"countries":["ZA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"TT Silwana","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Agriculture, Faculty of Science, Nelson Mandela University, Gqeberha, Eastern Cape, South Africa","Department of Rural Development and Agrarian Reform, Dohne Agricultural Development Institute, Stutterheim, Eastern Cape, South Africa"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Agriculture, Faculty of Science, Nelson Mandela University, Gqeberha, Eastern Cape, South Africa","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99712911"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Rural Development and Agrarian Reform, Dohne Agricultural Development Institute, Stutterheim, Eastern Cape, South Africa","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000304023","display_name":"Babalwa Mpambani","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-7284-1227","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0008-7284-1227"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"B Mpambani","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Rural Development and Agrarian Reform, Dohne Agricultural Development Institute, Stutterheim, Eastern Cape, South Africa"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Rural Development and Agrarian Reform, Dohne Agricultural Development Institute, Stutterheim, Eastern Cape, South Africa","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028609759","display_name":"Retief Philip Celliers","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R Celliers","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018566848","display_name":"Simphiwe Mhlontlo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-7853-6134","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0001-7853-6134"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99712911","display_name":"Nelson Mandela University","ror":"https://ror.org/03r1jm528","country_code":"ZA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99712911"]}],"countries":["ZA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S Mhlontlo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Agriculture, Faculty of Science, Nelson Mandela University, Gqeberha, Eastern Cape, South Africa","Department of Rural Development and Agrarian Reform, Dohne Agricultural Development Institute, Stutterheim, Eastern Cape, South Africa"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Agriculture, Faculty of Science, Nelson Mandela University, Gqeberha, Eastern Cape, South Africa","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99712911"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Rural Development and Agrarian Reform, Dohne Agricultural Development Institute, Stutterheim, Eastern Cape, South Africa","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022742806","display_name":"MM Mbangcolo","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"MM Mbangcolo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Rural Development and Agrarian Reform, Dohne Agricultural Development Institute, Stutterheim, Eastern Cape, South Africa"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Rural Development and Agrarian Reform, Dohne Agricultural Development Institute, Stutterheim, Eastern Cape, South Africa","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":750,"currency":"USD","value_usd":750},"apc_paid":{"value":750,"currency":"USD","value_usd":750},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"23","issue":"8","first_page":"24459","last_page":"24466"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13246","display_name":"Agriculture, Plant Science, Crop Management","score":0.5351999998092651,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13246","display_name":"Agriculture, Plant Science, Crop Management","score":0.5351999998092651,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12113","display_name":"Growth and nutrition in plants","score":0.18369999527931213,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12294","display_name":"Agricultural Science and Fertilization","score":0.11959999799728394,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1111","display_name":"Soil Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/swiss-chard","display_name":"Swiss chard","score":0.8930000066757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beta-vulgaris","display_name":"Beta vulgaris","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/seedling-growth","display_name":"seedling growth","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/organic-fertilization","display_name":"organic fertilization","score":0.7770000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inorganic-npk-fertilizer","display_name":"inorganic NPK fertilizer","score":0.7870000004768372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cultivar-comparison","display_name":"cultivar comparison","score":0.6660000085830688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/seasonal-effects","display_name":"seasonal effects","score":0.6119999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/leaf-nutrient-content","display_name":"leaf nutrient content","score":0.6959999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biological-yield","display_name":"biological yield","score":0.8650000095367432}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776096895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1385709","display_name":"Seedling","level":2,"score":0.9082340002059937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21410773","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q220869","display_name":"Shoot","level":2,"score":0.8210234642028809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100701293","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193838","display_name":"Germination","level":2,"score":0.6230161190032959},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144027150","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48803","display_name":"Horticulture","level":1,"score":0.5846121311187744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780560099","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83323","display_name":"Fertilizer","level":2,"score":0.5653845071792603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197321923","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4886","display_name":"Cultivar","level":2,"score":0.5573058724403381},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150668497","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q104870826","display_name":"Dry weight","level":2,"score":0.4961753785610199},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144938864","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4927286","display_name":"Randomized block design","level":2,"score":0.488521933555603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6557445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173113","display_name":"Agronomy","level":1,"score":0.4407097399234772},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.3795034885406494}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.18697/ajfand.123.23340","doi":"https://doi.org/10.18697/ajfand.123.23340","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.18697/ajfand.123.23340","pdf_url":"https://doi.org/10.18697/ajfand.123.23340","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112978253","display_name":"African Journal of Food Agriculture Nutrition and Development","issn_l":"1684-5358","issn":["1684-5358","1684-5374"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["doaj","jpps-2","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-20","russia-white-list-3","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311044","host_organization_name":"African Scholarly Science Communications Trust","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311044"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["African Scholarly Science Communications Trust"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"African Journal of Food, Agriculture, Nutrition and Development","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:ags:ajfand:340738","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://ageconsearch.umn.edu/record/340738/files/Azile.pdf","pdf_url":"https://ageconsearch.umn.edu/record/340738/files/Azile.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:ageconsearch.umn.edu:340738","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://ageconsearch.umn.edu/record/340738","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401616","display_name":"AgEcon Search (University of Minnesota, USA)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210120349","host_organization_name":"University of Minnesota Rochester","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210120349"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://ageconsearch.umn.edu/record/340738","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:dspacecris-nc1.mandela.ac.za:10948/2028476","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/10948/2028476","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407089438","display_name":"Nelson Mandela University Research Repository","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"doi:10.22004/ag.econ.340738","doi":"https://doi.org/10.22004/ag.econ.340738","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.22004/ag.econ.340738","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401616","display_name":"AgEcon Search (University of Minnesota, USA)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210120349","host_organization_name":"University of Minnesota Rochester","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210120349"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Other"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.18697/ajfand.123.23340","doi":"https://doi.org/10.18697/ajfand.123.23340","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.18697/ajfand.123.23340","pdf_url":"https://doi.org/10.18697/ajfand.123.23340","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112978253","display_name":"African Journal of Food Agriculture Nutrition and Development","issn_l":"1684-5358","issn":["1684-5358","1684-5374"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["doaj","jpps-2","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-20","russia-white-list-3","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311044","host_organization_name":"African Scholarly Science Communications Trust","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311044"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["African Scholarly Science Communications Trust"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"African Journal of Food, Agriculture, Nutrition and Development","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2","score":0.991100013256073,"display_name":"Zero hunger"},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/12","score":0.5925999879837036,"display_name":"Responsible consumption and production"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320328240","display_name":"Nelson Mandela University","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4386461145.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4386461145.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":4,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2002082720","https://openalex.org/W2795320820","https://openalex.org/W2995404436","https://openalex.org/W3190523359"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7220763708","https://openalex.org/W3190523359","https://openalex.org/W4293224781","https://openalex.org/W4402938102","https://openalex.org/W4405196338","https://openalex.org/W3037243995","https://openalex.org/W4387096164","https://openalex.org/W7116842909","https://openalex.org/W3014541501","https://openalex.org/W7120826359"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Glasshouse":[0],"experiments":[1,89],"to":[2,118,193,211,230],"evaluate":[3],"the":[4,77,86,88,120,170,176,184,244,248,261,265,284],"effect":[5],"of":[6,12,38,65,80,153,288],"bioslurry":[7,75,226,236,275,280],"effluent":[8],"on":[9],"seedling":[10,214,296],"growth":[11,122,215,285],"Swiss":[13,39,289,298],"chard":[14,290],"(Beta":[15],"vulgaris":[16],"L)":[17],"were":[18,46,90,114,173],"conducted":[19],"in":[20,48,92,213,238,247],"summer":[21,206],"2017":[22],"and":[23,43,76,123,131,140,166,183,202,216,218,224,278,286],"winter":[24,212],"2018":[25],"at":[26,62,276],"Dohne":[27],"Agriculture":[28],"Development":[29],"Institute,":[30],"Stutterheim,":[31],"Eastern":[32],"Cape,":[33],"South":[34],"Africa.":[35],"Two":[36],"cultivars":[37],"chard,":[40,299],"Star":[41,231],"1801":[42],"Fordhook":[44,219],"giant,":[45],"planted":[47],"200":[49],"cavity":[50],"trays":[51],"using":[52],"a":[53,93],"hygromix":[54],"commercial":[55],"growing":[56],"medium":[57],"incorporated":[58],"with":[59,160,181,222,234,240,264,274],"fertilizer":[60,199],"treatments":[61],"different":[63],"rates":[64,282],"bioslurry:":[66],"no":[67],"incorporation":[68],"(control),":[69],"50%":[70,235],"bioslurry,":[71,73],"100%":[72,223,277],"200%":[74,225,279],"recommended":[78,177],"rate":[79],"2:3:4":[81],"(30)":[82],"NPK":[83],"fertilizers.":[84],"In":[85],"glasshouse":[87],"arranged":[91],"randomized":[94],"complete":[95],"block":[96],"design":[97],"(RCBD)":[98],"which":[99],"was":[100,227,258],"replicated":[101],"three":[102],"times.":[103],"At":[104],"four":[105],"weeks":[106],"after":[107],"germination,":[108],"ten":[109],"(10)":[110],"seedlings":[111,165,172,239,245,262],"per":[112],"treatment":[113,186,250],"destructively":[115],"sampled":[116],"randomly":[117],"determine":[119],"plant":[121],"biological":[124,190,301],"mass":[125,143],"parameters:":[126],"i)":[127],"Seedling":[128,135],"height,":[129,168],"shoot":[130,139,167],"root":[132,142],"height;":[133],"ii)":[134],"mass;":[136,149],"iii)":[137],"Fresh":[138],"fresh":[141],"as":[144,146],"well":[145],"their":[147],"dry":[148],"iv)":[150],"Nutrient":[151],"content":[152],"leaves.":[154],"The":[155,196,255],"results":[156],"indicated":[157,204],"that":[158,205,272],"fertilization":[159,273],"100%Bioslurry":[161],"produced":[162,187],"significantly":[163,188],"taller":[164],"while":[169,243],"shortest":[171],"obtained":[174,259],"from":[175,260],"inorganic":[178,266],"fertilizer.":[179,267],"Fertilization":[180,233],"200%Bioslurry":[182],"control":[185,249],"higher":[189,241,252],"yield":[191,302],"compared":[192,210,229],"other":[194],"treatments.":[195],"interaction":[197],"between":[198],"treatments,":[200],"cultivar":[201],"season":[203,207],"performed":[208],"better":[209],"development,":[217],"giant":[220],"fertilized":[221,263],"superior":[228],"1801.":[232],"resulted":[237],"sodium,":[242],"grown":[246],"showed":[251],"copper":[253],"content.":[254],"highest":[256],"manganese":[257],"It":[268],"is":[269],"therefore,":[270],"concluded":[271],"application":[281],"enhanced":[283],"quality":[287],"seedlings.":[291],"Key":[292],"words:":[293],"Bioslurry":[294],"effluent,":[295],"growth,":[297],"cultivars,":[300]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-30T12:39:25.321706","created_date":"2023-09-06T00:00:00"}