{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4386257646","doi":"https://doi.org/10.7196/samj.2023.v113i8.348","title":"Signal of harm in morphine use in adults with acute pulmonary oedema: A rapid systematic review","display_name":"Signal of harm in morphine use in adults with acute pulmonary oedema: A rapid systematic review","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-08-03","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4386257646","doi":"https://doi.org/10.7196/samj.2023.v113i8.348","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37882120"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.7196/samj.2023.v113i8.348","doi":"https://doi.org/10.7196/samj.2023.v113i8.348","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.7196/samj.2023.v113i8.348","pdf_url":"https://samajournals.co.za/index.php/samj/article/download/348/555","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S147026946","display_name":"South African Medical Journal","issn_l":"0256-9574","issn":["0256-9574","2078-5135"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["dhet","doaj","dongbi-c","doyens","jpps-2","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-2","scielo","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315351","host_organization_name":"Health and Medical Publishing Group","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315351"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Health and Medical Publishing Group"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"South African Medical Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"review","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://samajournals.co.za/index.php/samj/article/download/348/555","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067764373","display_name":"Clint Hendrikse","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9963-5775","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9963-5775"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157614274","display_name":"University of Cape Town","ror":"https://ror.org/03p74gp79","country_code":"ZA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157614274"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210151657","display_name":"Department of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/05rfgws98","country_code":"ZA","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800683076","https://openalex.org/I4210151657"]}],"countries":["ZA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"C Hendrikse","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Emergency Medicine, Department of Family, Community and Emergency Care, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, South Africa; Ministerially appointed PHC/Adult Hospital Level Expert Review Committee of the National Essential Medicines List Committee, National Department of Health (2019 - 2023), Pretoria, South Africa. clint.hendrikse@uct.ac.za","Division of Emergency Medicine, Department of Family, Community and Emergency Care, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, South Africa","Ministerially appointed PHC/Adult Hospital Level Expert Review Committee of the National Essential Medicines List Committee, National Department of Health (2019 - 2023), Pretoria, South Africa"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Emergency Medicine, Department of Family, Community and Emergency Care, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, South Africa; Ministerially appointed PHC/Adult Hospital Level Expert Review Committee of the National Essential Medicines List Committee, National Department of Health (2019 - 2023), Pretoria, South Africa. clint.hendrikse@uct.ac.za","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157614274","https://openalex.org/I4210151657"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Emergency Medicine, Department of Family, Community and Emergency Care, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, South Africa","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157614274"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ministerially appointed PHC/Adult Hospital Level Expert Review Committee of the National Essential Medicines List Committee, National Department of Health (2019 - 2023), Pretoria, South Africa","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210151657"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073386161","display_name":"Veranyuy Ngah","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5916-688X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5916-688X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I26092322","display_name":"Stellenbosch University","ror":"https://ror.org/05bk57929","country_code":"ZA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I26092322"]}],"countries":["ZA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"V Ngah","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre for Evidence-based Health Care, Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Department of Global Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa. verangah@gmail.com","Centre for Evidence-based Health Care, Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Department of Global Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Evidence-based Health Care, Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Department of Global Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa. verangah@gmail.com","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I26092322"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Evidence-based Health Care, Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Department of Global Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I26092322"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066691864","display_name":"Idriss Ibrahim Kallon","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8903-4001","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8903-4001"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I26092322","display_name":"Stellenbosch University","ror":"https://ror.org/05bk57929","country_code":"ZA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I26092322"]}],"countries":["ZA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"I I Kallon","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre for Evidence-based Health Care, Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Department of Global Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa. iikallon@gmail.com","Centre for Evidence-based Health Care, Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Department of Global Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Evidence-based Health Care, Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Department of Global Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa. iikallon@gmail.com","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I26092322"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Evidence-based Health Care, Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Department of Global Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I26092322"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"G Thom","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210151657","display_name":"Department of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/05rfgws98","country_code":"ZA","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800683076","https://openalex.org/I4210151657"]}],"countries":["ZA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"G Thom","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ministerially appointed PHC/Adult Hospital Level Expert Review Committee of the National Essential Medicines List Committee, National Department of Health (2019 - 2023), Pretoria, South Africa; Amajuba District Clinical Specialist Team, KwaZulu-Natal Department of Health, Pretoria, South Africa. gustav.thom@kznhealth.gov.za","Amajuba District Clinical Specialist Team, KwaZulu-Natal Department of Health, Pretoria, South Africa","Ministerially appointed PHC/Adult Hospital Level Expert Review Committee of the National Essential Medicines List Committee, National Department of Health (2019 - 2023), Pretoria, South Africa"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ministerially appointed PHC/Adult Hospital Level Expert Review Committee of the National Essential Medicines List Committee, National Department of Health (2019 - 2023), Pretoria, South Africa; Amajuba District Clinical Specialist Team, KwaZulu-Natal Department of Health, Pretoria, South Africa. gustav.thom@kznhealth.gov.za","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210151657"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Amajuba District Clinical Specialist Team, KwaZulu-Natal Department of Health, Pretoria, South Africa","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210151657"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ministerially appointed PHC/Adult Hospital Level Expert Review Committee of the National Essential Medicines List Committee, National Department of Health (2019 - 2023), Pretoria, South Africa","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210151657"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010543662","display_name":"Trudy Desirie D Leong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2687-7751","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2687-7751"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I10947320","display_name":"South African Medical Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/05q60vz69","country_code":"ZA","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I10947320"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210151657","display_name":"Department of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/05rfgws98","country_code":"ZA","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800683076","https://openalex.org/I4210151657"]}],"countries":["ZA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"T D Leong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Secretariat to the PHC/Adult Hospital Level Expert Review Committee (2020 - 2023); Secretariat to the National Essential Medicines List Committee, National Department of Health (2021 - 2022), Durban, South Africa; Cochrane South Africa, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa. trudyl777@gmail.com","Cochrane South Africa, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa","Secretariat to the National Essential Medicines List Committee, National Department of Health (2021 - 2022), Durban, South Africa","Secretariat to the PHC/Adult Hospital Level Expert Review Committee (2020 - 2023)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Secretariat to the PHC/Adult Hospital Level Expert Review Committee (2020 - 2023); Secretariat to the National Essential Medicines List Committee, National Department of Health (2021 - 2022), Durban, South Africa; Cochrane South Africa, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa. trudyl777@gmail.com","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I10947320"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cochrane South Africa, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I10947320"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Secretariat to the National Essential Medicines List Committee, National Department of Health (2021 - 2022), Durban, South Africa","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210151657"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Secretariat to the PHC/Adult Hospital Level Expert Review Committee (2020 - 2023)","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086632008","display_name":"Karen Cohen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1892-4207","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1892-4207"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157614274","display_name":"University of Cape Town","ror":"https://ror.org/03p74gp79","country_code":"ZA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157614274"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210151657","display_name":"Department of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/05rfgws98","country_code":"ZA","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800683076","https://openalex.org/I4210151657"]}],"countries":["ZA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"K Cohen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ministerially appointed PHC/Adult Hospital Level Expert Review Committee of the National Essential Medicines List Committee, National Department of Health (2019 - 2023), Pretoria, South Africa; Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, South Africa. karen.cohen@uct.ac.za","Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, South Africa","Ministerially appointed PHC/Adult Hospital Level Expert Review Committee of the National Essential Medicines List Committee, National Department of Health (2019 - 2023), Pretoria, South Africa"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ministerially appointed PHC/Adult Hospital Level Expert Review Committee of the National Essential Medicines List Committee, National Department of Health (2019 - 2023), Pretoria, South Africa; Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, South Africa. karen.cohen@uct.ac.za","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157614274","https://openalex.org/I4210151657"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, South Africa","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157614274"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ministerially appointed PHC/Adult Hospital Level Expert Review Committee of the National Essential Medicines List Committee, National Department of Health (2019 - 2023), Pretoria, South Africa","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210151657"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040212426","display_name":"Michael McCaul","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2730-6478","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2730-6478"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I26092322","display_name":"Stellenbosch University","ror":"https://ror.org/05bk57929","country_code":"ZA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I26092322"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210151657","display_name":"Department of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/05rfgws98","country_code":"ZA","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800683076","https://openalex.org/I4210151657"]}],"countries":["ZA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M McCaul","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ministerially appointed PHC/Adult Hospital Level Expert Review Committee of the National Essential Medicines List Committee, National Department of Health (2019 - 2023), Pretoria, South Africa; Centre for Evidence-based Health Care, Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Department of Global Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa; South African GRADE Network, Centre for Evidence-based Health Care, Department of Global Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa. mmccaul@sun.ac.za","Centre for Evidence-based Health Care, Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Department of Global Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa","Ministerially appointed PHC/Adult Hospital Level Expert Review Committee of the National Essential Medicines List Committee, National Department of Health (2019 - 2023), Pretoria, South Africa","South African GRADE Network, Centre for Evidence-based Health Care, Department of Global Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ministerially appointed PHC/Adult Hospital Level Expert Review Committee of the National Essential Medicines List Committee, National Department of Health (2019 - 2023), Pretoria, South Africa; Centre for Evidence-based Health Care, Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Department of Global Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa; South African GRADE Network, Centre for Evidence-based Health Care, Department of Global Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa. mmccaul@sun.ac.za","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I26092322"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Evidence-based Health Care, Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Department of Global Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I26092322"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ministerially appointed PHC/Adult Hospital Level Expert Review Committee of the National Essential Medicines List Committee, National Department of Health (2019 - 2023), Pretoria, South Africa","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210151657"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"South African GRADE Network, Centre for Evidence-based Health Care, Department of Global Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I26092322"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":5732,"currency":"ZAR","value_usd":311},"apc_paid":{"value":5732,"currency":"ZAR","value_usd":311},"fwci":0.3113,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.40584737,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"113","issue":"8","first_page":"39","last_page":"43"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10198","display_name":"Heart Failure Treatment and Management","score":0.9765999913215637,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2705","display_name":"Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10198","display_name":"Heart Failure Treatment and Management","score":0.9765999913215637,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2705","display_name":"Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10322","display_name":"Respiratory Support and Mechanisms","score":0.005499999970197678,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2740","display_name":"Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10292","display_name":"Acute Myocardial Infarction Research","score":0.002899999963119626,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2705","display_name":"Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/morphine","display_name":"morphine","score":0.9480000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acute-pulmonary-edema","display_name":"acute pulmonary edema","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heart-failure","display_name":"heart failure","score":0.8920000195503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/in-hospital-mortality","display_name":"in-hospital mortality","score":0.9900000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/invasive-mechanical-ventilation","display_name":"invasive mechanical ventilation","score":0.9129999876022339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adverse-drug-reactions","display_name":"adverse drug reactions","score":0.625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cost-reduction","display_name":"cost reduction","score":0.41999998688697815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/length-of-hospital-stay","display_name":"length of hospital stay","score":0.6520000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/health-care-expenditure","display_name":"health care expenditure","score":0.3889999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/essential-medicines-list","display_name":"essential medicines list","score":0.9760000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/prescribing-variation","display_name":"prescribing variation","score":0.32499998807907104}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.9510006904602051},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23131810","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q818574","display_name":"Observational study","level":2,"score":0.8343980312347412},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C189708586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1504425","display_name":"Systematic review","level":3,"score":0.6007912158966064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168563851","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1436668","display_name":"Randomized controlled trial","level":2,"score":0.5632275938987732},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44249647","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208498","display_name":"Confidence interval","level":2,"score":0.48848164081573486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C535046627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30612","display_name":"Clinical trial","level":2,"score":0.4855179786682129},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C156957248","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1862216","display_name":"Odds ratio","level":2,"score":0.47440457344055176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779473830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1540899","display_name":"MEDLINE","level":2,"score":0.44233959913253784},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177713679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q679690","display_name":"Intensive care medicine","level":1,"score":0.4328060746192932},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95190672","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q815382","display_name":"Meta-analysis","level":2,"score":0.4255935847759247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194828623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2861470","display_name":"Emergency medicine","level":1,"score":0.37630724906921387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.24365490674972534},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000078202","descriptor_name":"Systematic Reviews as Topic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000078202","descriptor_name":"Systematic Reviews as Topic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000078202","descriptor_name":"Systematic Reviews as Topic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000078202","descriptor_name":"Systematic Reviews as Topic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009022","descriptor_name":"Morphine Derivatives","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009022","descriptor_name":"Morphine Derivatives","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009022","descriptor_name":"Morphine Derivatives","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009022","descriptor_name":"Morphine Derivatives","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011654","descriptor_name":"Pulmonary Edema","qualifier_ui":"Q000188","qualifier_name":"drug therapy","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D011654","descriptor_name":"Pulmonary Edema","qualifier_ui":"Q000188","qualifier_name":"drug therapy","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D011654","descriptor_name":"Pulmonary Edema","qualifier_ui":"Q000188","qualifier_name":"drug therapy","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D011654","descriptor_name":"Pulmonary Edema","qualifier_ui":"Q000188","qualifier_name":"drug therapy","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D013019","descriptor_name":"South Africa","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013019","descriptor_name":"South Africa","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013019","descriptor_name":"South Africa","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013019","descriptor_name":"South Africa","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015186","descriptor_name":"Hominidae","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D015186","descriptor_name":"Hominidae","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D015186","descriptor_name":"Hominidae","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D015186","descriptor_name":"Hominidae","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016032","descriptor_name":"Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016032","descriptor_name":"Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016032","descriptor_name":"Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016032","descriptor_name":"Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.7196/samj.2023.v113i8.348","doi":"https://doi.org/10.7196/samj.2023.v113i8.348","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.7196/samj.2023.v113i8.348","pdf_url":"https://samajournals.co.za/index.php/samj/article/download/348/555","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S147026946","display_name":"South African Medical Journal","issn_l":"0256-9574","issn":["0256-9574","2078-5135"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["dhet","doaj","dongbi-c","doyens","jpps-2","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-2","scielo","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315351","host_organization_name":"Health and Medical Publishing Group","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315351"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Health and Medical Publishing Group"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"South African Medical Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:37882120","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37882120","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"South African medical journal = Suid-Afrikaanse tydskrif vir geneeskunde","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:61310b15296b4bf8b493bdff583ba630","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/61310b15296b4bf8b493bdff583ba630","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"South African Medical Journal, Vol 112, Iss 8 (2023)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:scholar.sun.ac.za:10019.1/135472","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.7196/SAMJ.2023.v113i8.348","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400300","display_name":"SUNScholar (Stellenbosch University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I26092322","host_organization_name":"Stellenbosch University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I26092322"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.7196/samj.2023.v113i8.348","doi":"https://doi.org/10.7196/samj.2023.v113i8.348","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.7196/samj.2023.v113i8.348","pdf_url":"https://samajournals.co.za/index.php/samj/article/download/348/555","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S147026946","display_name":"South African Medical Journal","issn_l":"0256-9574","issn":["0256-9574","2078-5135"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["dhet","doaj","dongbi-c","doyens","jpps-2","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-2","scielo","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315351","host_organization_name":"Health and Medical Publishing Group","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315351"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Health and Medical Publishing Group"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"South African Medical Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":1.0}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.8500000238418579}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/systematic-review","display_name":"Systematic Review"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322663","display_name":"Universiteit Stellenbosch","ror":"https://ror.org/05bk57929"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334626","display_name":"Medical Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/03x94j517"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4386257646.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4386257646.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":42,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1854890141","https://openalex.org/W1993823264","https://openalex.org/W1997086580","https://openalex.org/W2022331518","https://openalex.org/W2045399239","https://openalex.org/W2064409105","https://openalex.org/W2097177833","https://openalex.org/W2108572613","https://openalex.org/W2113373472","https://openalex.org/W2129710988","https://openalex.org/W2155018999","https://openalex.org/W2165010366","https://openalex.org/W2167666858","https://openalex.org/W2206946616","https://openalex.org/W2397911846","https://openalex.org/W2401853487","https://openalex.org/W2427094903","https://openalex.org/W2523794265","https://openalex.org/W2531269403","https://openalex.org/W2605860125","https://openalex.org/W2623852823","https://openalex.org/W2736943795","https://openalex.org/W2752931561","https://openalex.org/W2769029819","https://openalex.org/W2887135691","https://openalex.org/W2921541427","https://openalex.org/W2951367445","https://openalex.org/W2952506265","https://openalex.org/W2970684805","https://openalex.org/W3039041742","https://openalex.org/W3089960144","https://openalex.org/W3091337614","https://openalex.org/W3092985072","https://openalex.org/W3106586161","https://openalex.org/W3118985888","https://openalex.org/W3120286722","https://openalex.org/W3178888137","https://openalex.org/W3204957730","https://openalex.org/W4229508205","https://openalex.org/W4243176702","https://openalex.org/W4283784263","https://openalex.org/W4285806644"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4381328000","https://openalex.org/W2109147503","https://openalex.org/W1984720268","https://openalex.org/W2322581019","https://openalex.org/W2103779230","https://openalex.org/W334096847","https://openalex.org/W3141050733","https://openalex.org/W2030936866","https://openalex.org/W2286371484","https://openalex.org/W4294636802"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"BACKGROUND:":[0],"Heart":[1],"failure":[2],"affects":[3],"nearly":[4],"65":[5],"million":[6],"people":[7],"globally,":[8],"resulting":[9,215,260],"in":[10,22,37,59,67,216,235,239,261,302,315,319,337,345,352],"recurrent":[11],"hospital":[12,222,230,278],"admissions":[13],"and":[14,34,48,83,98,117,125,178,277,296,309,312,366],"substantial":[15],"healthcare":[16],"expenditure.":[17],"The":[18,173],"use":[19,301,334],"of":[20,25,62,73,76,137,170,207,252,280,335,360,368],"morphine":[21,55,300,336,346],"the":[23,60,120,292,320,333,356],"management":[24,367],"acute":[26,63],"pulmonary":[27,64,338],"oedema":[28,65,339],"remains":[29],"controversial,":[30],"with":[31,304],"conflicting":[32],"guidance":[33],"significant":[35],"variation":[36],"practice.":[38,50],"Synthesised":[39],"evidence":[40,155,185],"is":[41],"needed":[42],"to":[43,119,150,183,227,272,327],"inform":[44,151,184],"standard":[45,161],"treatment":[46,61,162],"guidelines":[47],"clinical":[49,100,157],"OBJECTIVE:":[51],"To":[52],"determine":[53],"whether":[54],"should":[56],"be":[57],"used":[58,108,182],"(APE)":[66],"adults.":[68],"METHODS:":[69],"A":[70],"rapid":[71,114],"review":[72,115],"systematic":[74,135,168],"reviews":[75,136,169,180,286],"randomised":[77,85,138,147],"controlled":[78,86,139,148],"trials":[79,140,149],"or":[80,141,153,160,287],"observational":[81,142,171,210,255],"studies,":[82,143,211,256],"then":[84,144],"trials,":[87],"was":[88],"conducted":[89],"searching":[90],"three":[91],"electronic":[92],"databases":[93],"(PubMed,":[94],"Embase,":[95],"Cochrane":[96,113],"Library)":[97],"one":[99],"trial":[101],"registry":[102],"on":[103,291],"12":[104],"February":[105],"2022.":[106],"We":[107,130,165],"a":[109,236,316],"prespecified":[110],"protocol":[111],"following":[112],"methods":[116],"aligned":[118],"National":[121],"Standard":[122],"Treatment":[123],"Guidelines":[124],"Essential":[126],"Medicines":[127],"List":[128],"methodology.":[129],"first":[131],"considered":[132],"relevant":[133,295],"high-quality":[134],"(if":[145],"required)":[146],"time-sensitive":[152],"urgent":[154],"requests,":[156],"practice,":[158],"policy,":[159],"guidelines.":[163],"RESULTS:":[164],"identified":[166],"four":[167,254],"studies.":[172],"two":[174],"most":[175,293],"relevant,":[176],"up-to-date,":[177],"highest-quality":[179],"were":[181,282],"for":[186,322,347],"critical":[187],"outcomes.":[188,343],"Morphine":[189,232],"may":[190,233,306,313,340,350],"increase":[191,238,307,318],"in-hospital":[192,308],"mortality":[193,311],"(odds":[194],"ratio":[195],"(OR)":[196],"1.78;":[197],"95%":[198,245],"confidence":[199],"interval":[200],"(CI)":[201],"1.01":[202],"-":[203,248],"3.13;":[204],"low":[205,250],"certainty":[206,251],"evidence;":[208,253],"six":[209],"n=151":[212],"735":[213],"participants),":[214,259],"15":[217],"more":[218,229,263,271],"per":[219,264],"1":[220,265],"000":[221,266],"deaths,":[223],"ranging":[224,268],"from":[225,269],"0":[226],"40":[228],"deaths.":[231],"result":[234,314,351],"large":[237,317],"invasive":[240,323,364],"mechanical":[241,324],"ventilation":[242,325,365],"(OR":[243],"2.72;":[244],"CI":[246],"1.09":[247],"6.80;":[249],"n=167":[257],"847":[258],"45":[262],"ventilations,":[267],"2":[270],"136":[273],"more.":[274],"Adverse":[275],"events":[276],"length":[279],"stay":[281],"not":[283,328],"measured":[284],"across":[285],"trials.":[288],"CONCLUSION:":[289],"Based":[290],"recent,":[294],"best-available":[297],"quality":[298],"evidence,":[299],"adults":[303],"APE":[305],"all-cause":[310],"need":[321],"compared":[326],"using":[329],"morphine.":[330],"Recommending":[331],"against":[332],"improve":[341],"patient":[342],"Disinvesting":[344],"this":[348],"indication":[349],"cost":[353],"savings,":[354],"noting":[355],"possible":[357],"accrued":[358],"benefits":[359],"fewer":[361],"patients":[362],"requiring":[363],"morphine-related":[369],"side-effects.":[370]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-10-16T09:59:22.235173","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
