{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4386215933","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-023-02519-w","title":"Pay-it-forward incentives for hepatitis virus testing in men who have sex with men: a cluster randomized trial","display_name":"Pay-it-forward incentives for hepatitis virus testing in men who have sex with men: a cluster randomized trial","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-08-28","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4386215933","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-023-02519-w","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37640859"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1038/s41591-023-02519-w","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-023-02519-w","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-023-02519-w","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S203256638","display_name":"Nature Medicine","issn_l":"1078-8956","issn":["1078-8956","1546-170X","1744-7933"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319908","host_organization_name":"Nature Portfolio","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319908","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Nature Portfolio","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Nature Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","datacite","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-2271626/latest.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100449278","display_name":"Ye Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6159-7427","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6159-7427"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I31746571","display_name":"UNSW Sydney","ror":"https://ror.org/03r8z3t63","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I31746571"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405258879","display_name":"Kirby Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/01bf9eh94","country_code":"AU","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405258879"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I83519826","display_name":"Nanjing Medical University","ror":"https://ror.org/059gcgy73","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I83519826"]}],"countries":["AU","CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ye Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Kirby Institute, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia","School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Kirby Institute, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I31746571","https://openalex.org/I4405258879"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I83519826"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100439790","display_name":"Jianjun Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6531-3687","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6531-3687"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210117216","display_name":"Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention","ror":"https://ror.org/02ey6qs66","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210117216"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jianjun Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of HIV/STI Prevention and Control, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Diseases Prevention and Control, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of HIV/STI Prevention and Control, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Diseases Prevention and Control, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210117216"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029574577","display_name":"Yewei Xie","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9280-5812","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9280-5812"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yewei Xie","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of North Carolina Project-China, Guangzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9280-5812","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of North Carolina Project-China, Guangzhou, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047417623","display_name":"Dan Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0415-5467","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0415-5467","https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0398-7325"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210089966","display_name":"London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/00a0jsq62","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I4210089966"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I83519826","display_name":"Nanjing Medical University","ror":"https://ror.org/059gcgy73","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I83519826"]}],"countries":["CN","GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dan Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Clinical Research Department, Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK","School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0415-5467","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Clinical Research Department, Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210089966"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I83519826"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025198971","display_name":"Jason J. Ong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5784-7403","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5784-7403"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801993434","display_name":"The Alfred Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/01wddqe20","country_code":"AU","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801993434","https://openalex.org/I4210163178"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210099671","display_name":"Melbourne Sexual Health Centre","ror":"https://ror.org/013fdz725","country_code":"AU","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210099671","https://openalex.org/I4210163178"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210163178","display_name":"Alfred Health","ror":"https://ror.org/04scfb908","country_code":"AU","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210163178"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I56590836","display_name":"Monash University","ror":"https://ror.org/02bfwt286","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I56590836"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jason Ong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia","Melbourne Sexual Health Centre, Alfred Health, Carlton, Victoria, Australia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I56590836"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Melbourne Sexual Health Centre, Alfred Health, Carlton, Victoria, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801993434","https://openalex.org/I4210099671","https://openalex.org/I4210163178"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060107450","display_name":"Gifty Marley","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0025-3062","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0025-3062"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gifty Marley","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of North Carolina Project-China, Guangzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of North Carolina Project-China, Guangzhou, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111669349","display_name":"Adeeba Kamarulzaman","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I166993812","display_name":"International AIDS Society","ror":"https://ror.org/00p8ta394","country_code":"CH","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I166993812"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4528857","display_name":"University of Kuala Lumpur","ror":"https://ror.org/026wwrx19","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4528857"]}],"countries":["CH","MY"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Adeeba Kamarulzaman","raw_affiliation_strings":["International AIDS Society, Geneva, Switzerland","University of Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"International AIDS Society, Geneva, Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I166993812"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4528857"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060769618","display_name":"Haidong Lu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7908-2517","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7908-2517"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32971472","display_name":"Yale University","ror":"https://ror.org/03v76x132","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32971472"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Haidong Lu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Epidemiology of Microbial Diseases, Yale School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7908-2517","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Epidemiology of Microbial Diseases, Yale School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32971472"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100782494","display_name":"Fei Zou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6637-3593","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6637-3593"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114027177","display_name":"University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill","ror":"https://ror.org/0130frc33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114027177"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fei Zou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biostatistics, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biostatistics, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114027177"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055956090","display_name":"Jennifer S. Smith","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1256-0422","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1256-0422","https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4171-511X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114027177","display_name":"University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill","ror":"https://ror.org/0130frc33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114027177"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jennifer S. Smith","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114027177"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080040148","display_name":"Joseph D. Tucker","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2804-1181","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2804-1181","https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7214-9272"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210089966","display_name":"London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/00a0jsq62","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I4210089966"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Joseph D. Tucker","raw_affiliation_strings":["Clinical Research Department, Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK","University of North Carolina Project-China, Guangzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2804-1181","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Clinical Research Department, Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210089966"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of North Carolina Project-China, Guangzhou, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082281946","display_name":"Gengfeng Fu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5099-2050","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5099-2050"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210117216","display_name":"Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention","ror":"https://ror.org/02ey6qs66","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210117216"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Gengfeng Fu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of HIV/STI Prevention and Control, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Diseases Prevention and Control, Nanjing, China. fugf@jscdc.cn","Department of HIV/STI Prevention and Control, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Diseases Prevention and Control, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5099-2050","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of HIV/STI Prevention and Control, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Diseases Prevention and Control, Nanjing, China. fugf@jscdc.cn","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210117216"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of HIV/STI Prevention and Control, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Diseases Prevention and Control, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210117216"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065974768","display_name":"Weiming Tang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9026-707X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9026-707X"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Weiming Tang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, China. Weiming_tang@med.unc.edu","University of North Carolina Project-China, Guangzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9026-707X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, China. Weiming_tang@med.unc.edu","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of North Carolina Project-China, Guangzhou, China","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":6,"institutions_distinct_count":13,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5065974768","https://openalex.org/A5082281946"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210117216"],"apc_list":{"value":11690,"currency":"USD","value_usd":11690},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.3081,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":23,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95628204,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"29","issue":"9","first_page":"2241","last_page":"2247"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10340","display_name":"Hepatitis B Virus Studies","score":0.5619999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2713","display_name":"Epidemiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10340","display_name":"Hepatitis B Virus Studies","score":0.5619999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2713","display_name":"Epidemiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10082","display_name":"HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions","score":0.05810000002384186,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10151","display_name":"Hepatitis C virus research","score":0.04050000011920929,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2721","display_name":"Hepatology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hepatitis-c-virus-testing","display_name":"hepatitis C virus testing","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/men-who-have-sex-with-men","display_name":"men who have sex with men","score":0.9940000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rapid-testing","display_name":"rapid testing","score":0.6959999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hiv-prevention","display_name":"HIV prevention","score":0.3659999966621399}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.7618630528450012},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168563851","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1436668","display_name":"Randomized controlled trial","level":2,"score":0.700383722782135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776939746","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853451","display_name":"Men who have sex with men","level":4,"score":0.6419810652732849},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29122968","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1414816","display_name":"Incentive","level":2,"score":0.5854326486587524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176400912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3058662","display_name":"Cluster randomised controlled trial","level":3,"score":0.48608043789863586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777267654","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3519023","display_name":"Test (biology)","level":2,"score":0.4681891202926636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164866538","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q367351","display_name":"Cluster (spacecraft)","level":2,"score":0.46264350414276123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780593183","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6844","display_name":"Hepatitis B virus","level":3,"score":0.41124826669692993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C512399662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3505712","display_name":"Family medicine","level":1,"score":0.38168489933013916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.37217825651168823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149923435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732","display_name":"Demography","level":1,"score":0.36712846159935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159047783","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7215","display_name":"Virology","level":1,"score":0.22512733936309814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522874641","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q808","display_name":"Virus","level":2,"score":0.1219736635684967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3013748606","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15787","display_name":"Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)","level":2,"score":0.06919166445732117},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776983459","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41083","display_name":"Syphilis","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175444787","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39072","display_name":"Microeconomics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000072339","descriptor_name":"Sexual and Gender Minorities","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006515","descriptor_name":"Hepatitis B virus","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006518","descriptor_name":"Hepatitis Viruses","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006526","descriptor_name":"Hepatitis C","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006526","descriptor_name":"Hepatitis C","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009042","descriptor_name":"Motivation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016174","descriptor_name":"Hepacivirus","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018451","descriptor_name":"Homosexuality, Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":6,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1038/s41591-023-02519-w","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-023-02519-w","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-023-02519-w","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S203256638","display_name":"Nature Medicine","issn_l":"1078-8956","issn":["1078-8956","1546-170X","1744-7933"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319908","host_organization_name":"Nature Portfolio","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319908","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Nature Portfolio","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Nature Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-2271626/v1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-2271626/v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-2271626/v1","pdf_url":"https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-2271626/latest.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525896","display_name":"Research Square","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Research Square","raw_type":"posted-content"},{"id":"pmid:37640859","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37640859","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Nature medicine","raw_type":"Randomized Controlled Trial"},{"id":"pmh:oai:researchonline.lshtm.ac.uk:4671647","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://researchonline.lshtm.ac.uk/view/creators/icruddwu.html>;","pdf_url":"https://researchonline.lshtm.ac.uk/id/eprint/4671647/13/Zhang_etal_2023_Pay-it-forward-incentives.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402527","display_name":"LSHTM Research Online (London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210089966","host_organization_name":"London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210089966"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"},{"id":"pmh:cdr.lib.unc.edu:7w62fp42t","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.17615/wwp1-hx39","pdf_url":"https://cdr.lib.unc.edu/downloads/hh63t853d","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401075","display_name":"Carolina Digital Repository (University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I114027177","host_organization_name":"University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114027177"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Nature Medicine, 29(9)","raw_type":"Article"},{"id":"doi:10.17615/wwp1-hx39","doi":"https://doi.org/10.17615/wwp1-hx39","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.17615/wwp1-hx39","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407051488","display_name":"UNC Libraries","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article-journal"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-2271626/v1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-2271626/v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-2271626/v1","pdf_url":"https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-2271626/latest.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525896","display_name":"Research Square","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Research Square","raw_type":"posted-content"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9940000176429749,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"},{"score":0.4074000120162964,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","display_name":"Reduced inequalities"}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/randomized-controlled-trial","display_name":"Randomized Controlled Trial"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/clinical-trial","display_name":"Clinical Trial"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2351424473","display_name":"Enhancing Partner Services among Men Who Have Sex with Men Living With HIV: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial","funder_award_id":"R34MH119963","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337346","funder_display_name":"National Institute of Mental Health"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3058196926","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2022YFC2304900-4","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335774","funder_display_name":"Key Technologies Research and Development Program"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G319357745","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"G\u2010202104\u201067775","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320307853","funder_display_name":"CRDF Global"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3537633596","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"202104","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5417030734","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2022YFC2304900-4 to WT","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335774","funder_display_name":"Key Technologies Research and Development Program"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8378233859","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2022YFC2304900","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335774","funder_display_name":"Key Technologies Research and Development Program"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8736318027","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"81903371","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G9000905474","display_name":"Pay-it-forward gonorrhea testing among men who have sex with men: The PIONEER pragmatic randomized controlled trial","funder_award_id":"R01AI158826","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337355","funder_display_name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320307853","display_name":"CRDF Global","ror":"https://ror.org/01zpbb709"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335774","display_name":"Key Technologies Research and Development Program","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337346","display_name":"National Institute of Mental Health","ror":"https://ror.org/04xeg9z08"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337355","display_name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","ror":"https://ror.org/043z4tv69"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4386215933.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4386215933.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":60,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W318391157","https://openalex.org/W1579903042","https://openalex.org/W1835443691","https://openalex.org/W1916469768","https://openalex.org/W1984486655","https://openalex.org/W1986423166","https://openalex.org/W2001174359","https://openalex.org/W2041540747","https://openalex.org/W2046755383","https://openalex.org/W2082572811","https://openalex.org/W2090185577","https://openalex.org/W2098931866","https://openalex.org/W2099834937","https://openalex.org/W2130730830","https://openalex.org/W2148678270","https://openalex.org/W2151344343","https://openalex.org/W2209506621","https://openalex.org/W2354778000","https://openalex.org/W2427038049","https://openalex.org/W2515072335","https://openalex.org/W2516204058","https://openalex.org/W2555100366","https://openalex.org/W2608081874","https://openalex.org/W2744191372","https://openalex.org/W2800240832","https://openalex.org/W2801666689","https://openalex.org/W2803082841","https://openalex.org/W2897257410","https://openalex.org/W2902590762","https://openalex.org/W2904128197","https://openalex.org/W2909795031","https://openalex.org/W2911349635","https://openalex.org/W2943308876","https://openalex.org/W2944998917","https://openalex.org/W2978384709","https://openalex.org/W2984507164","https://openalex.org/W3012419334","https://openalex.org/W3016873990","https://openalex.org/W3021656562","https://openalex.org/W3022620123","https://openalex.org/W3040225474","https://openalex.org/W3042217569","https://openalex.org/W3061331597","https://openalex.org/W3086519884","https://openalex.org/W3118933015","https://openalex.org/W3126126035","https://openalex.org/W3127318776","https://openalex.org/W3132126495","https://openalex.org/W3133356504","https://openalex.org/W3155257078","https://openalex.org/W3157852508","https://openalex.org/W3170514696","https://openalex.org/W3198357584","https://openalex.org/W3207244264","https://openalex.org/W4220921122","https://openalex.org/W4226077230","https://openalex.org/W4281650361","https://openalex.org/W4282936782","https://openalex.org/W4286252839","https://openalex.org/W6873953747"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4399529613","https://openalex.org/W6887909611","https://openalex.org/W4416076308","https://openalex.org/W7140164021","https://openalex.org/W2904128197","https://openalex.org/W2325363754","https://openalex.org/W6920810471","https://openalex.org/W4388213114","https://openalex.org/W2984507164","https://openalex.org/W4385350248"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Hepatitis":[1],"B":[2],"virus":[3,8],"(HBV)":[4],"and":[5,37,82,121,133,150,153,181,209,221,241,252,257,302,319,363],"hepatitis":[6],"C":[7],"(HCV)":[9],"testing":[10,84,152,166,260,365],"rates":[11],"remain":[12],"low":[13],"in":[14,87,101,104,119,137,231,264,270,307,332,370,381],"China,":[15],"especially":[16,385],"among":[17,85,292,366],"men":[18,23,205,306],"who":[19,42,192,294],"have":[20],"sex":[21],"with":[22,34,75,298],"(MSM).":[24],"Pay-it-forward":[25,374],"involves":[26],"having":[27],"a":[28,31,44,72,91,156,371,382,387],"person":[29,356],"receive":[30,61],"free":[32,45,62,148],"test":[33,46,53,185,330],"community-generated":[35],"messages":[36],"then":[38],"asks":[39],"if":[40],"those":[41],"received":[43,147],"would":[47],"like":[48],"to":[49,54,59,67,79,129,143,158,163,248,316,377,392],"donate":[50],"money":[51,162],"or":[52,352],"support":[55,164],"subsequent":[56],"other":[57],"people":[58,222,293,297],"also":[60],"testing.":[63],"This":[64],"study":[65],"aimed":[66],"evaluate":[68],"the":[69,105,112,123,130,144,165,172,190,202,232,249,265,271,287,308,320,329,333,340,346],"capacity":[70],"of":[71,111,139,167,204,328,348,389],"pay-it-forward":[73,131,145,159,250,266,288,309,334,341,359],"strategy":[74],"active":[76],"community":[77],"participation":[78],"promote":[80],"HBV":[81,149,208,256,362],"HCV":[83,151,180,258,364],"MSM":[86,98,114,126,245],"China.":[88,108],"We":[89,211],"undertook":[90],"two-arm":[92],"superiority":[93],"cluster-randomized":[94],"trial":[95,228],"led":[96],"by":[97,160],"community-based":[99],"organizations":[100],"two":[102],"cities":[103],"Jiangsu":[106],"Province,":[107],"As":[109],"part":[110,388],"intervention,":[113],"peers":[115],"were":[116,127,154,196,246],"actively":[117],"involved":[118],"planning":[120],"leading":[122],"trial.":[124],"Enrolled":[125],"randomized":[128,142,247],"(intervention)":[132],"standard-of-care":[134,173,253,272],"(control)":[135],"arms":[136],"groups":[138],"ten.":[140],"Men":[141],"arm":[146,267,273],"offered":[155],"chance":[157],"donating":[161],"another":[168],"anonymous":[169],"person.":[170],"In":[171],"arm,":[174,310],"each":[175],"participant":[176],"paid":[177],"for":[178,207],"their":[179],"HBsAg":[182],"antibody":[183],"rapid":[184,259],"at":[186],"US":[187],"$7.7/test.":[188],"Only":[189],"staff":[191],"performed":[193],"data":[194],"analyses":[195],"blinded.":[197],"The":[198,227,358],"primary":[199],"outcome":[200],"was":[201,229,261,290,343],"proportion":[203],"tested":[206],"HCV.":[210],"pre-specified":[212],"sub-analyses":[213],"based":[214],"on":[215],"substance":[216],"use,":[217],"risky":[218,299],"sexual":[219,300],"behaviors,":[220,301],"older":[223,303],"than":[224,269,345],"30":[225],"years.":[226],"registered":[230],"China":[233],"Clinical":[234],"Trial":[235],"Registry":[236],"(ChiCTR":[237],"2100046140).":[238],"Between":[239],"March":[240],"October":[242],"2021,":[243],"322":[244],"(n=160)":[251],"(n=162)":[254],"arms.":[255],"notably":[262],"higher":[263],"(59.4%)":[268],"(25.3%)":[274],"(proportion":[275],"difference":[276],"(PD)":[277],"34.4%,":[278],"95%":[279],"CI":[280],"lower":[281],"bound":[282],"26.9%).":[283],"Sub-analyses":[284],"demonstrated":[285],"that":[286,339],"intervention":[289],"effective":[291],"use":[295],"substances,":[296],"individuals.":[304],"Among":[305],"101/160":[311],"(63%)":[312],"donated":[313],"some":[314],"amount":[315,323],"future":[317],"participants,":[318],"total":[321],"donation":[322],"covered":[324],"over":[325],"half":[326],"(68%)":[327],"cost":[331],"arm.":[335],"Economic":[336],"evaluation":[337],"found":[338],"model":[342,375],"cheaper":[344],"standard":[347],"care,":[349],"considering":[350],"economic":[351],"financial":[353],"costs":[354],"per":[355],"tested.":[357],"approach":[360],"improved":[361],"an":[367],"at-risk":[368],"populations":[369],"resource-constrained":[372],"environment.":[373],"appeared":[376],"be":[378],"managed":[379],"successfully":[380],"real-world":[383],"setting,":[384],"as":[386],"community-led":[390],"efforts":[391],"reach":[393],"higher-risk":[394],"populations.":[395]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2023-08-29T00:00:00"}