{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4386067935","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4081/ija.2023.2196","title":"A decade-long study on the effect of furrow and subsurface drip irrigation using unconventional water on soil salinity and the growth of pistachio trees","display_name":"A decade-long study on the effect of furrow and subsurface drip irrigation using unconventional water on soil salinity and the growth of pistachio trees","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4386067935","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4081/ija.2023.2196"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.4081/ija.2023.2196","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4081/ija.2023.2196","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.4081/ija.2023.2196","pdf_url":"https://www.agronomy.it/index.php/agro/article/download/2196/1498","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2738046312","display_name":"Italian Journal of Agronomy","issn_l":"1125-4718","issn":["1125-4718","2039-6805"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","jufo-1","norway-1","oarl","poland-40","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319913","host_organization_name":"PAGEPress (Italy)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319913"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["PAGEPress (Italy)"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Italian Journal of Agronomy","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.agronomy.it/index.php/agro/article/download/2196/1498","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045927654","display_name":"Abdolhamid Sherafati","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8484-5726","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8484-5726"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210141426","display_name":"Agricultural Research & Education Organization","ror":"https://ror.org/032hv6w38","country_code":"IR","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210141426"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Abdolhamid Sherafati","raw_affiliation_strings":["Horticulture Crops Research Department, Khorasan Razavi Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Mashhad"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Horticulture Crops Research Department, Khorasan Razavi Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Mashhad","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210141426"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000965825","display_name":"Mehrnoush Eskandari Torbaghan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8405-5065","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8405-5065"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210141426","display_name":"Agricultural Research & Education Organization","ror":"https://ror.org/032hv6w38","country_code":"IR","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210141426"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mehrnoush Eskandari Torbaghan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Soil and Water Department, Khorasan Razavi Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Mashhad"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Soil and Water Department, Khorasan Razavi Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Mashhad","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210141426"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210141426"],"apc_list":{"value":1640,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1640},"apc_paid":{"value":1640,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1640},"fwci":0.5012,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.61687666,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"18","issue":"2","first_page":"2196","last_page":"2196"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11404","display_name":"Irrigation Practices and Water Management","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1111","display_name":"Soil Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11404","display_name":"Irrigation Practices and Water Management","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1111","display_name":"Soil Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12710","display_name":"Engineering and Agricultural Innovations","score":0.0017999999690800905,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2312","display_name":"Water Science and Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11781","display_name":"Wastewater Treatment and Reuse","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2311","display_name":"Waste Management and Disposal"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/subsurface-drip-irrigation","display_name":"subsurface drip irrigation","score":0.9120000004768372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/furrow-irrigation","display_name":"furrow irrigation","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pistachio","display_name":"pistachio","score":0.8309999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/soil-salinity","display_name":"soil salinity","score":0.9200000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/saline-water-irrigation","display_name":"saline water irrigation","score":0.5569999814033508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sodium-adsorption-ratio","display_name":"sodium adsorption ratio","score":0.8790000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/root-development","display_name":"root development","score":0.5979999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tree-growth","display_name":"tree growth","score":0.7450000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fruit-yield","display_name":"fruit yield","score":0.7450000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/water-use-efficiency","display_name":"water use efficiency","score":0.6880000233650208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/irrigation-water-use","display_name":"irrigation water use","score":0.4560000002384186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/iran","display_name":"Iran","score":0.30799999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/long-term-irrigation-effects","display_name":"long-term irrigation effects","score":0.4350000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/root-zone-salinity","display_name":"root zone salinity","score":0.3149999976158142}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776332401","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7553296","display_name":"Sodium adsorption ratio","level":4,"score":0.8090108633041382},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C152453397","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q746694","display_name":"Drip irrigation","level":3,"score":0.7721924781799316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129513315","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179615","display_name":"Salinity","level":2,"score":0.6642168760299683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41478065","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7645983","display_name":"Surface irrigation","level":3,"score":0.6641287803649902},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C88862950","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11453","display_name":"Irrigation","level":2,"score":0.657106876373291},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.6420450210571289},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141650431","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q754836","display_name":"Soil salinity","level":3,"score":0.6078632473945618},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16704694","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q496805","display_name":"Saline water","level":3,"score":0.5364817380905151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76886044","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2883300","display_name":"Hydrology (agriculture)","level":2,"score":0.5183988213539124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159750122","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q96621023","display_name":"Soil water","level":2,"score":0.4326731264591217},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6557445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173113","display_name":"Agronomy","level":1,"score":0.4083905816078186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159390177","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9161265","display_name":"Soil science","level":1,"score":0.19066986441612244},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.1814788579940796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.09167462587356567},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187320778","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1349130","display_name":"Geotechnical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111368507","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43518","display_name":"Oceanography","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.4081/ija.2023.2196","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4081/ija.2023.2196","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.4081/ija.2023.2196","pdf_url":"https://www.agronomy.it/index.php/agro/article/download/2196/1498","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2738046312","display_name":"Italian Journal of Agronomy","issn_l":"1125-4718","issn":["1125-4718","2039-6805"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","jufo-1","norway-1","oarl","poland-40","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319913","host_organization_name":"PAGEPress (Italy)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319913"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["PAGEPress (Italy)"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Italian Journal of Agronomy","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:ed65f2e0f4d546dbab5838564000e9fb","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/ed65f2e0f4d546dbab5838564000e9fb","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Italian Journal of Agronomy, Iss AOP (2023)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.4081/ija.2023.2196","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4081/ija.2023.2196","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.4081/ija.2023.2196","pdf_url":"https://www.agronomy.it/index.php/agro/article/download/2196/1498","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2738046312","display_name":"Italian Journal of Agronomy","issn_l":"1125-4718","issn":["1125-4718","2039-6805"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","jufo-1","norway-1","oarl","poland-40","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319913","host_organization_name":"PAGEPress (Italy)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319913"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["PAGEPress (Italy)"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Italian Journal of Agronomy","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/6","score":0.965499997138977,"display_name":"Clean water and sanitation"},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2","score":0.9208999872207642,"display_name":"Zero hunger"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4386067935.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4386067935.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":7,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2103910316","https://openalex.org/W2135547122","https://openalex.org/W2263441715","https://openalex.org/W2279617168","https://openalex.org/W3022910593","https://openalex.org/W3100378705","https://openalex.org/W3102441379"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4313230758","https://openalex.org/W4413355866","https://openalex.org/W3034086829","https://openalex.org/W2158702726","https://openalex.org/W2559843385","https://openalex.org/W4405257215","https://openalex.org/W7056443930","https://openalex.org/W2254413625","https://openalex.org/W1520213146","https://openalex.org/W2294541556"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Furrow":[0],"irrigation":[1,20,31,146,159,283,293],"is":[2,21],"the":[3,43,49,65,76,92,95,114,118,128,156,170,179,233,237,247,254,257,264,273,281,292,296,304,307,314,317,345,352,357,363,430],"most":[4],"common":[5],"method":[6,18,415],"of":[7,19,67,72,94,109,117,141,176,200,236,272,310,320,359],"irrigating":[8],"pistachio":[9,51,274,420],"orchards":[10,421],"in":[11,46,64,105,113,137,152,167,215,221,230,232,253,291,303,313,328,338,351,354,362,401],"Iran.":[12],"Water":[13],"use":[14],"efficiency":[15,358],"using":[16],"this":[17],"close":[22],"to":[23,207,217,226,336,369,389,393],"35%.":[24],"Ten":[25],"years":[26,175,260,299],"ago,":[27],"a":[28,288,406,411],"subsurface":[29],"drip":[30],"(SDI)":[32],"project":[33,119,177],"was":[34,121,147,183,287,349,367,379],"initiated":[35],"with":[36],"highly":[37],"saline":[38],"and":[39,81,89,97,103,126,188,196,223,262,270,301,316,365,371,397,403,426],"alkaline":[40],"water":[41,79,111,131,142,160,360,404,424],"for":[42,144,194,416,419],"first":[44,115],"time":[45],"Iran":[47],"at":[48,54,69,91],"Feyzabad":[50],"research":[52],"station,":[53],"34\u030a":[55],"54\u02b9":[56],"15\u02ba":[57],"N,":[58],"58\u030a":[59],"45\u02b9":[60],"37\u02ba":[61],"E,":[62],"located":[63],"northeast":[66],"Iran,":[68],"an":[70],"altitude":[71],"850":[73],"meters":[74],"from":[75,205,211,387],"sea.":[77],"The":[78,107,139,198,324,341],"salinity":[80,202,242,399],"sodium":[82],"adsorption":[83],"ratio":[84],"were":[85,276,385],"11.5":[86],"dS":[87,101,213,219,228],"m-1":[88,102,214,220,229],"15.5":[90],"beginning":[93],"project,":[96],"they":[98],"reached":[99,133],"16.25":[100],"17.7":[104],"2021.":[106],"amount":[108,140],"SDI":[110,195,238,353,364,376,408],"consumption":[112,132,361,425],"year":[116],"(2012)":[120],"1640":[122],"m3":[123,135,150],"ha-1":[124,136,151,166],"yr-1,":[125],"as":[127],"trees":[129,275],"aged,":[130],"3000":[134],"2022.":[138,153,355,390],"utilized":[143],"furrow":[145,366],"about":[148,163],"6912":[149],"Salt":[154],"entering":[155],"soil":[157,201,402],"through":[158],"differed":[161],"by":[162,332,422],"41":[164],"t":[165],"2022":[168,231,329],"between":[169,280],"two":[171,259,282,297],"methods.":[172,284,340],"After":[173],"ten":[174],"implementation,":[178],"root":[180,248],"development":[181,249],"layer":[182,235,250],"more":[184,412],"than":[185,190],"100":[186],"cm":[187],"less":[189],"50":[191],"cm,":[192],"respectively,":[193],"furrow.":[197],"trend":[199],"has":[203],"changed":[204],"2012":[206,216,388],"2022:":[208],"it":[209],"went":[210],"34.7":[212],"110":[218],"2018,":[222],"then":[224],"decreased":[225,331],"65":[227],"surface":[234],"method.":[239],"In":[240,256],"contrast,":[241],"increased":[243],"almost":[244,333],"twofold":[245],"within":[246],"(60-140":[251],"cm)":[252],"SDI.":[255],"last":[258,298],"(2021":[261,300],"2022),":[263],"height,":[265],"crown":[266],"width,":[267],"trunk":[268],"circumference,":[269],"yield":[271],"not":[277],"significantly":[278],"different":[279],"However,":[285],"there":[286],"significant":[289],"difference":[290],"treatments":[294],"during":[295],"2022)":[302],"annual":[305,347],"growth,":[306],"average":[308,318],"number":[309,319],"flower":[311,321],"buds":[312,322],"branch,":[315],"abscised.":[323],"branch":[325],"vegetative":[326],"growth":[327,348],"had":[330],"50%":[334],"compared":[335],"2021":[337],"both":[339],"results":[342],"showed":[343],"that":[344],"lowest":[346],"achieved":[350],"Overall,":[356],"equal":[368],"0.09":[370],"0.06":[372],"kg":[373],"m3,":[374],"respectively.":[375],"net":[377],"income":[378],"1284":[380],"$":[381],"higher":[382],"after":[383],"expenses":[384],"deducted":[386],"Therefore,":[391],"due":[392],"severe":[394],"climate":[395],"change":[396],"excessive":[398],"increase":[400],"resources,":[405],"well-managed":[407],"can":[409],"provide":[410],"sustainable":[413],"production":[414],"salt-affected":[417],"soils":[418],"reducing":[423],"salt":[427],"entry":[428],"into":[429],"soil.":[431]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-16T09:59:22.235173","created_date":"2023-08-23T00:00:00"}