{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4385997146","doi":null,"title":"Physiochemical and Microbiological Stability of Azathioprine Suspensions in PCCA Base, SuspendIt.","display_name":"Physiochemical and Microbiological Stability of Azathioprine Suspensions in PCCA Base, SuspendIt.","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4385997146","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37595175"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmid:37595175","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37595175","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International journal of pharmaceutical compounding","raw_type":"Review"},"volume":null,"type":"review","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112983537","display_name":"Yahoda V Pramar","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I169251466","display_name":"Xavier University of Louisiana","ror":"https://ror.org/0085d9t86","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169251466"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yahoda V Pramar","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Pharmacy, Xavier University of Louisiana, New Orleans, Louisiana. yvpramar@xula.edu"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Pharmacy, Xavier University of Louisiana, New Orleans, Louisiana. yvpramar@xula.edu","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I169251466"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075270511","display_name":"Tarun K. Mandal","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4966-2094","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4966-2094"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I169251466","display_name":"Xavier University of Louisiana","ror":"https://ror.org/0085d9t86","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169251466"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tarun K Mandal","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Pharmacy, Xavier University of Louisiana, New Orleans, Louisiana"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Pharmacy, Xavier University of Louisiana, New Orleans, Louisiana","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I169251466"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034057846","display_name":"Levon A Bostanian","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I169251466","display_name":"Xavier University of Louisiana","ror":"https://ror.org/0085d9t86","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169251466"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Levon A Bostanian","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Pharmacy, Xavier University of Louisiana, New Orleans, Louisiana"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Pharmacy, Xavier University of Louisiana, New Orleans, Louisiana","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I169251466"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083190633","display_name":"Cyndy Kader","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I169251466","display_name":"Xavier University of Louisiana","ror":"https://ror.org/0085d9t86","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169251466"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Cyndy Kader","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Pharmacy, Xavier University of Louisiana, New Orleans, Louisiana"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Pharmacy, Xavier University of Louisiana, New Orleans, Louisiana","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I169251466"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035855685","display_name":"Tommy C Morris","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I169251466","display_name":"Xavier University of Louisiana","ror":"https://ror.org/0085d9t86","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169251466"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tommy C Morris","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Pharmacy, Xavier University of Louisiana, New Orleans, Louisiana"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Pharmacy, Xavier University of Louisiana, New Orleans, Louisiana","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I169251466"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109208312","display_name":"Richard A Graves","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I169251466","display_name":"Xavier University of Louisiana","ror":"https://ror.org/0085d9t86","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169251466"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Richard A Graves","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Pharmacy, Xavier University of Louisiana, New Orleans, Louisiana"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Pharmacy, Xavier University of Louisiana, New Orleans, Louisiana","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I169251466"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I169251466"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0468,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.02018843,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":93},"biblio":{"volume":"27","issue":"4","first_page":"330","last_page":"339"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11460","display_name":"Analytical Methods in Pharmaceuticals","score":0.9833999872207642,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1602","display_name":"Analytical Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/16","display_name":"Chemistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11460","display_name":"Analytical Methods in Pharmaceuticals","score":0.9833999872207642,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1602","display_name":"Analytical Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/16","display_name":"Chemistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13970","display_name":"Pharmacy and Medical Practices","score":0.0066999997943639755,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3611","display_name":"Pharmacy"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12547","display_name":"Pharmaceutical studies and practices","score":0.0052999998442828655,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2735","display_name":"Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/azathioprine","display_name":"azathioprine","score":0.9440000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oral-suspension","display_name":"oral suspension","score":0.8299999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/extemporaneous-compounding","display_name":"extemporaneous compounding","score":0.9430000185966492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/drug-stability","display_name":"drug stability","score":0.640999972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microbiological-stability","display_name":"microbiological stability","score":0.7369999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physicochemical-stability","display_name":"physicochemical stability","score":0.9309999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rheumatoid-arthritis","display_name":"rheumatoid arthritis","score":0.828000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graft-rejection","display_name":"graft rejection","score":0.4169999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hplc-analysis","display_name":"HPLC assay","score":0.6660000085830688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stability-indicating-method","display_name":"stability-indicating assay","score":0.7689999938011169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/viscosity","display_name":"viscosity","score":0.4740000069141388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ph","display_name":"pH","score":0.6069999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/storage-temperature","display_name":"storage temperature","score":0.6480000019073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/liquid-dosage-forms","display_name":"liquid dosage forms","score":0.5789999961853027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/compounding-pharmacists","display_name":"compounding pharmacists","score":0.4230000078678131}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776760755","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18939","display_name":"Azathioprine","level":3,"score":0.89403235912323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207673951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1303150","display_name":"Compounding","level":2,"score":0.6045913696289062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.5260469913482666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43617362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170050","display_name":"Chromatography","level":1,"score":0.5253809690475464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56918372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q288903","display_name":"Thixotropy","level":2,"score":0.5169215202331543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777288759","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4164182","display_name":"Dosing","level":2,"score":0.48273155093193054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.39902880787849426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98274493","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128406","display_name":"Pharmacology","level":1,"score":0.30907177925109863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.2232285439968109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.1300487220287323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779134260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136","display_name":"Disease","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000284","descriptor_name":"Administration, Oral","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001379","descriptor_name":"Azathioprine","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D002851","descriptor_name":"Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002867","descriptor_name":"Chromones","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004339","descriptor_name":"Drug Compounding","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004355","descriptor_name":"Drug Stability","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004356","descriptor_name":"Drug Storage","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013535","descriptor_name":"Suspensions","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"pmid:37595175","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37595175","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International journal of pharmaceutical compounding","raw_type":"Review"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9391000270843506,"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G9000882225","display_name":"The RCMI Center for Cancer and Health Disparities Research","funder_award_id":"U54MD007595","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337534","funder_display_name":"National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337534","display_name":"National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities","ror":"https://ror.org/0493hgw16"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1589381907","https://openalex.org/W4285394092","https://openalex.org/W3199086639","https://openalex.org/W4362522729","https://openalex.org/W1925728458","https://openalex.org/W3083026105","https://openalex.org/W3021601400","https://openalex.org/W3141120565","https://openalex.org/W4401307979","https://openalex.org/W2341405369"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Azathioprine":[0,24,50,53,103,136,168,178,289,335,362],"is":[1,34,54,112,198,261,280,336],"used":[2],"to":[3,76,93,138,190,373],"treat":[4],"the":[5,12,20,26,95,106,128,161,164,196,222,271,276,297,320,326,349],"symptoms":[6],"of":[7,14,19,23,49,89,100,163,167,177,270,296,319,325],"rheumatoid":[8],"arthritis":[9],"and":[10,83,97,118,174,186,214,220,234,242,279,339,351],"for":[11,28,147,160,345,361],"prevention":[13],"transplant":[15],"rejection.":[16],"A":[17,153,257],"review":[18],"therapeutic":[21],"uses":[22],"reveals":[25],"need":[27],"flexibility":[29,33],"in":[30,105,169,181,204,255,342,348,363],"dosing.":[31],"This":[32,110,331],"readily":[35],"achieved":[36],"using":[37],"an":[38,369],"oral":[39],"liquid":[40,46,157,365],"dosage":[41,47,366],"form.":[42],"However,":[43],"no":[44],"commercial":[45],"form":[48],"currently":[51],"exists.":[52],"commercially":[55],"available":[56],"only":[57],"as":[58,239,263],"a":[59,72,113,123,143,192,357,364],"50-mg":[60],"tablet.":[61],"An":[62],"extemporaneously":[63,101],"compounded":[64,102,359],"suspension":[65],"from":[66,127],"pure":[67],"drug":[68,197,273,301,327],"powder":[69],"would":[70],"provide":[71,139],"flexible,":[73],"customizable":[74],"option":[75],"meet":[77,374],"unique":[78],"patient":[79,375],"needs":[80],"with":[81,368],"convenient":[82],"accurate":[84],"dosing":[85],"options.":[86],"The":[87,131,285,312,317],"purpose":[88],"this":[90],"study":[91,132,286,332],"was":[92,172,249,310],"determine":[94],"physicochemical":[96],"microbiological":[98],"stability":[99,140,166,248],"suspensions":[104,321],"PCCA":[107,170,182,343],"Base,":[108],"SuspendIt.":[109],"base":[111],"sugar-free,":[114],"paraben":[115],"free,":[116],"dye-free,":[117],"gluten-free":[119],"thixotropic":[120],"vehicle":[121],"containing":[122],"natural":[124],"sweetener":[125],"obtained":[126,254],"monk":[129],"fruit.":[130],"design":[133],"included":[134],"two":[135,210],"concentrations":[137,290],"documentation":[141],"over":[142],"bracketed":[144],"concentration":[145,274],"range":[146,193],"eventual":[148],"use":[149],"by":[150],"compounding":[151],"pharmacists.":[152],"robust":[154],"stability-indicating":[155],"high-performance":[156],"chromatographic":[158],"assay":[159],"determination":[162],"chemical":[165],"SuspendIt":[171,183,344],"developed":[173],"validated.":[175],"Suspensions":[176],"were":[179,202,217,244,253],"prepared":[180],"at":[184,209,267,303,352],"10-mg/mL":[185],"50-mg/mL":[187],"concentrations,":[188],"selected":[189],"represent":[191],"within":[194],"which":[195],"commonly":[199],"dosed.":[200],"Samples":[201,216],"stored":[203],"amber":[205],"plastic":[206],"prescription":[207],"bottles":[208],"temperature":[211],"conditions":[212],"(5\u00b0C":[213],"25\u00b0C).":[215],"assayed":[218],"initially,":[219],"on":[221],"following":[223],"time":[224],"points":[225],"(days):":[226],"7,":[227],"14,":[228],"28,":[229],"49,":[230],"63,":[231],"90,":[232],"119,":[233],"182.":[235],"Physical":[236],"data":[237],"such":[238],"pH,":[240],"viscosity,":[241],"appearance":[243],"also":[245],"noted.":[246],"Microbiological":[247],"tested.":[250],"All":[251],"measurements":[252],"triplicate.":[256],"stable":[258,341],"extemporaneous":[259],"product":[260],"defined":[262],"one":[264],"that":[265,288,334],"retains":[266],"least":[268],"90%":[269],"initial":[272],"throughout":[275],"sampling":[277],"period":[278],"protected":[281],"against":[282],"microbial":[283,308],"growth.":[284],"showed":[287],"did":[291],"not":[292],"go":[293],"below":[294],"96.8%":[295],"label":[298],"claim":[299],"(initial":[300],"concentration)":[302],"both":[304],"temperatures":[305],"studied.":[306],"No":[307],"growth":[309],"observed.":[311],"pH":[313],"values":[314],"remained":[315],"constant.":[316],"viscosity":[318],"allowed":[322],"easy":[323],"re-dispersal":[324],"particles":[328],"upon":[329],"shaking.":[330],"demonstrates":[333],"physically,":[337],"chemically,":[338],"microbiologically":[340],"182":[346],"days":[347],"refrigerator":[350],"room":[353],"temperature,":[354],"thus":[355],"providing":[356],"viable,":[358],"alternative":[360],"form,":[367],"extended":[370],"beyond-use":[371],"date":[372],"needs.":[376]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2023-08-20T00:00:00"}