{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4385754221","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21665095.2023.2244173","title":"The disability employment paradox in developing countries: recent evidence from Lebanon","display_name":"The disability employment paradox in developing countries: recent evidence from Lebanon","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-08-11","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4385754221","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21665095.2023.2244173"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1080/21665095.2023.2244173","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21665095.2023.2244173","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21665095.2023.2244173","pdf_url":"https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/21665095.2023.2244173?needAccess=true&role=button","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210228892","display_name":"Development Studies Research","issn_l":"2166-5095","issn":["2166-5095"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Development Studies Research","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/21665095.2023.2244173?needAccess=true&role=button","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5106914335","display_name":"Pierre Boutros","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9636-2708","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9636-2708"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I56306041","display_name":"Lebanese American University","ror":"https://ror.org/00hqkan37","country_code":"LB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I56306041"]}],"countries":["LB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pierre Boutros","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Economics, Lebanese American University, Beirut, Lebanon"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9636-2708","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Economics, Lebanese American University, Beirut, Lebanon","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I56306041"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017826521","display_name":"Ali Fakih","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8562-3308","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8562-3308"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I56306041","display_name":"Lebanese American University","ror":"https://ror.org/00hqkan37","country_code":"LB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I56306041"]}],"countries":["LB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ali Fakih","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Economics, Lebanese American University, Beirut, Lebanon"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Economics, Lebanese American University, Beirut, Lebanon","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I56306041"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5017826521"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I56306041"],"apc_list":{"value":790,"currency":"GBP","value_usd":969},"apc_paid":{"value":790,"currency":"GBP","value_usd":969},"fwci":3.2584,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":13,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94419171,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"10","issue":"1","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11514","display_name":"Disability Education and Employment","score":0.9628999829292297,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3311","display_name":"Safety Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11514","display_name":"Disability Education and Employment","score":0.9628999829292297,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3311","display_name":"Safety Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11003","display_name":"Disability Rights and Representation","score":0.01600000075995922,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3311","display_name":"Safety Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11631","display_name":"Retirement, Disability, and Employment","score":0.007000000216066837,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3317","display_name":"Demography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/disability","display_name":"disability","score":0.800000011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/labor-force-participation","display_name":"labor force participation","score":0.9639999866485596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/employment-of-people-with-disabilities","display_name":"employment of people with disabilities","score":0.8109999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lebanon","display_name":"Lebanon","score":0.4410000145435333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/developing-countries","display_name":"developing countries","score":0.5799999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/disability-inclusion","display_name":"disability inclusion","score":0.625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/employment-policy","display_name":"employment policy","score":0.6290000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/living-standards","display_name":"living standards","score":0.6019999980926514}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109359841","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q728944","display_name":"Inclusion (mineral)","level":2,"score":0.6446120738983154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166052673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83021","display_name":"Empirical evidence","level":2,"score":0.5506359338760376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4249254","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3044431","display_name":"Demographic economics","level":1,"score":0.5107357501983643},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182306322","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1779371","display_name":"Order (exchange)","level":2,"score":0.49236857891082764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C96250715","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q965330","display_name":"Estimation","level":2,"score":0.4883810877799988},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.4656076729297638},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.44488152861595154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781354955","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11920938","display_name":"Marital status","level":3,"score":0.44317254424095154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120936955","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2155640","display_name":"Empirical research","level":2,"score":0.4223170876502991},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779951463","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7268788","display_name":"Quality of life (healthcare)","level":2,"score":0.4161616265773773},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.3711101710796356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145236788","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28161","display_name":"Labour economics","level":1,"score":0.3263511061668396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.19721272587776184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.13004344701766968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.1238338053226471},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149923435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732","display_name":"Demography","level":1,"score":0.09866940975189209},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C542102704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q183257","display_name":"Psychotherapist","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1080/21665095.2023.2244173","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21665095.2023.2244173","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21665095.2023.2244173","pdf_url":"https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/21665095.2023.2244173?needAccess=true&role=button","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210228892","display_name":"Development Studies Research","issn_l":"2166-5095","issn":["2166-5095"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Development Studies Research","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:877160cd1e844580919e5e783ccbd697","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/877160cd1e844580919e5e783ccbd697","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Development Studies Research, Vol 10, Iss 1 (2023)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1080/21665095.2023.2244173","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21665095.2023.2244173","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21665095.2023.2244173","pdf_url":"https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/21665095.2023.2244173?needAccess=true&role=button","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210228892","display_name":"Development Studies Research","issn_l":"2166-5095","issn":["2166-5095"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Development Studies Research","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":1.0,"display_name":"Decent work and economic growth","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8"},{"score":0.8974000215530396,"display_name":"Reduced inequalities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10"},{"score":0.7301999926567078,"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"},{"score":0.666700005531311,"display_name":"No poverty","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/1"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4385754221.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":63,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W6066279","https://openalex.org/W33787377","https://openalex.org/W90162061","https://openalex.org/W116002107","https://openalex.org/W251043739","https://openalex.org/W372315873","https://openalex.org/W792516127","https://openalex.org/W1484636164","https://openalex.org/W1512653994","https://openalex.org/W1522853491","https://openalex.org/W1541682806","https://openalex.org/W1608578716","https://openalex.org/W1784137826","https://openalex.org/W1853348682","https://openalex.org/W1965783179","https://openalex.org/W1966313375","https://openalex.org/W1966623818","https://openalex.org/W1973658728","https://openalex.org/W1987604909","https://openalex.org/W1987612727","https://openalex.org/W1989683199","https://openalex.org/W2013416277","https://openalex.org/W2030951137","https://openalex.org/W2035234656","https://openalex.org/W2055080575","https://openalex.org/W2062272115","https://openalex.org/W2069614766","https://openalex.org/W2078129874","https://openalex.org/W2086234886","https://openalex.org/W2101769799","https://openalex.org/W2103871993","https://openalex.org/W2109730641","https://openalex.org/W2115868837","https://openalex.org/W2116355764","https://openalex.org/W2127622196","https://openalex.org/W2131170955","https://openalex.org/W2149010795","https://openalex.org/W2152068993","https://openalex.org/W2155867133","https://openalex.org/W2162677821","https://openalex.org/W2163848058","https://openalex.org/W2168291173","https://openalex.org/W2289946988","https://openalex.org/W2510574275","https://openalex.org/W2542396793","https://openalex.org/W2550481594","https://openalex.org/W2551447428","https://openalex.org/W2622346354","https://openalex.org/W2770965477","https://openalex.org/W2789450042","https://openalex.org/W2796534978","https://openalex.org/W2883822190","https://openalex.org/W2893264430","https://openalex.org/W3011724607","https://openalex.org/W3121475306","https://openalex.org/W3123800815","https://openalex.org/W3131096230","https://openalex.org/W3156227719","https://openalex.org/W4210308679","https://openalex.org/W4255879138","https://openalex.org/W4290609500","https://openalex.org/W4362474676","https://openalex.org/W7019551107"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7132836589","https://openalex.org/W2030951137","https://openalex.org/W4248695257","https://openalex.org/W7217018630","https://openalex.org/W4392863233","https://openalex.org/W2522711623","https://openalex.org/W2886684305","https://openalex.org/W1508175601","https://openalex.org/W2492714974","https://openalex.org/W7056263708"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,64,101],"degree":[1],"and":[2,16,23,35,47,80,98,138],"nature":[3],"of":[4,6,25,117,156],"participation":[5,50],"disabled":[7,157],"persons":[8],"in":[9,51,61,90,119,159],"the":[10,43,62,76,94,120,154,160],"labor":[11,48,121,161],"market":[12],"have":[13,112],"many":[14],"direct":[15],"indirect":[17],"effects":[18],"on":[19,146],"their":[20],"living":[21],"standards":[22],"quality":[24],"life.":[26],"Therefore,":[27],"this":[28],"is":[29,67,125],"a":[30,53,109,113],"critical":[31],"area":[32],"for":[33,130],"investigation":[34],"policy":[36,143],"concern.":[37],"This":[38,123],"paper":[39],"seeks":[40],"to":[41,92,153],"quantify":[42],"relationship":[44,95],"between":[45,96],"disability":[46,97,110],"force":[49],"Lebanon,":[52],"topic":[54],"that":[55,105,149],"has":[56],"not":[57],"received":[58],"much":[59,114],"attention":[60],"literature.":[63],"empirical":[65,102],"analysis":[66],"performed":[68],"using":[69],"an":[70],"individual-level":[71],"data":[72],"set":[73],"obtained":[74],"from":[75],"Lebanese":[77],"Labor":[78],"Force":[79],"Household":[81],"Conditions":[82],"Survey":[83],"(2019).":[84],"A":[85],"firthlogit":[86],"model":[87],"was":[88],"estimated":[89],"order":[91],"capture":[93],"employment":[99],"status.":[100],"findings":[103,148],"reveal":[104],"people":[106,158],"who":[107],"report":[108],"condition":[111],"lower":[115],"likelihood":[116],"participating":[118],"force.":[122],"finding":[124],"robust":[126],"even":[127],"after":[128],"controlling":[129],"other":[131],"characteristics":[132],"such":[133],"as":[134],"age,":[135],"marital":[136],"status":[137],"education.":[139],"We":[140],"propose":[141],"several":[142],"recommendations":[144],"based":[145],"our":[147],"might":[150],"be":[151],"helpful":[152],"inclusion":[155],"market.":[162]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-27T15:51:10.671819","created_date":"2023-08-12T00:00:00"}