{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4385741433","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2166/ws.2023.203","title":"Effect of planting and irrigation management strategies on growth, yield and water productivity of indica rice in Iran","display_name":"Effect of planting and irrigation management strategies on growth, yield and water productivity of indica rice in Iran","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-08-10","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4385741433","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2166/ws.2023.203"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.2166/ws.2023.203","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2166/ws.2023.203","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/ws.2023.203","pdf_url":"https://iwaponline.com/ws/article-pdf/doi/10.2166/ws.2023.203/1271273/ws2023203.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S124453322","display_name":"Water Science & Technology Water Supply","issn_l":"1606-9749","issn":["1606-9749","1607-0798"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","oarl","poland-20","russia-white-list-3","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320298","host_organization_name":"IWA Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320298"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IWA Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Water Supply","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://iwaponline.com/ws/article-pdf/doi/10.2166/ws.2023.203/1271273/ws2023203.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Mahsa Rahimi Pool","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210138903","display_name":"Qaemshahr Islamic Azad University","ror":"https://ror.org/03y0dv989","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I110525433","https://openalex.org/I4210138903"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mahsa Rahimi Pool","raw_affiliation_strings":["a Department of Water Science and Engineering, Qaemshahr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qaemshahr, Iran","Department of Water Science and Engineering, Qaemshahr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qaemshahr, Iran"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"a Department of Water Science and Engineering, Qaemshahr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qaemshahr, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210138903"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Water Science and Engineering, Qaemshahr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qaemshahr, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210138903"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042925858","display_name":"Davood Akbari Nodehi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1559-4150","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1559-4150"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210138903","display_name":"Qaemshahr Islamic Azad University","ror":"https://ror.org/03y0dv989","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I110525433","https://openalex.org/I4210138903"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Davood Akbari Nodehi","raw_affiliation_strings":["a Department of Water Science and Engineering, Qaemshahr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qaemshahr, Iran","Department of Water Science and Engineering, Qaemshahr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qaemshahr, Iran"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1559-4150","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"a Department of Water Science and Engineering, Qaemshahr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qaemshahr, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210138903"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Water Science and Engineering, Qaemshahr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qaemshahr, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210138903"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100540269","display_name":"Reza Asadi","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210138903","display_name":"Qaemshahr Islamic Azad University","ror":"https://ror.org/03y0dv989","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I110525433","https://openalex.org/I4210138903"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210141426","display_name":"Agricultural Research & Education Organization","ror":"https://ror.org/032hv6w38","country_code":"IR","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210141426"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Reza Asadi","raw_affiliation_strings":["a Department of Water Science and Engineering, Qaemshahr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qaemshahr, Iran","b Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Rice Research Institute, Amol, Mazandaran, Iran","Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Rice Research Institute, Amol, Mazandaran, Iran","Department of Water Science and Engineering, Qaemshahr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qaemshahr, Iran"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"a Department of Water Science and Engineering, Qaemshahr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qaemshahr, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210138903"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"b Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Rice Research Institute, Amol, Mazandaran, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210141426"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Rice Research Institute, Amol, Mazandaran, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210141426"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Water Science and Engineering, Qaemshahr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qaemshahr, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210138903"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101759995","display_name":"Ali Bagheri","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8580-1856","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8580-1856"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210138903","display_name":"Qaemshahr Islamic Azad University","ror":"https://ror.org/03y0dv989","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I110525433","https://openalex.org/I4210138903"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ali Bagheri","raw_affiliation_strings":["a Department of Water Science and Engineering, Qaemshahr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qaemshahr, Iran","Department of Water Science and Engineering, Qaemshahr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qaemshahr, Iran"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"a Department of Water Science and Engineering, Qaemshahr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qaemshahr, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210138903"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Water Science and Engineering, Qaemshahr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qaemshahr, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210138903"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055442408","display_name":"Fazl Shirdel Shahmiri","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3357-6175","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3357-6175"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210138903","display_name":"Qaemshahr Islamic Azad University","ror":"https://ror.org/03y0dv989","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I110525433","https://openalex.org/I4210138903"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fazl Shirdel Shahmiri","raw_affiliation_strings":["c Department of Agronomy, Qaemshahr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qaemshahr, Iran","Department of Agronomy, Qaemshahr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qaemshahr, Iran"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"c Department of Agronomy, Qaemshahr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qaemshahr, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210138903"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Agronomy, Qaemshahr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qaemshahr, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210138903"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5042925858"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210138903"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.277,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.47427857,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"23","issue":"9","first_page":"3563","last_page":"3577"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12045","display_name":"Rice Cultivation and Yield Improvement","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12045","display_name":"Rice Cultivation and Yield Improvement","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11404","display_name":"Irrigation Practices and Water Management","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1111","display_name":"Soil Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13899","display_name":"Agricultural Systems and Practices","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1102","display_name":"Agronomy and Crop Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/indica-rice","display_name":"Indica rice","score":0.9750000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/planting-techniques","display_name":"planting methods","score":0.7250000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/irrigation-systems","display_name":"irrigation systems","score":0.6940000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/water-productivity","display_name":"water productivity","score":0.6959999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/alternate-wetting-and-drying","display_name":"alternate wetting and drying","score":0.8169999718666077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/continuous-flooding-irrigation","display_name":"continuous flooding irrigation","score":0.8659999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/drip-irrigation","display_name":"drip irrigation","score":0.9890000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dsr","display_name":"DSR","score":0.7730000019073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/grain-yield","display_name":"grain yield","score":0.8309999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/water-saving","display_name":"water saving","score":0.7289999723434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/paddy-fields","display_name":"paddy fields","score":0.6650000214576721}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168741863","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q777671","display_name":"Sowing","level":2,"score":0.7900680303573608},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779342048","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q356031","display_name":"Transplanting","level":3,"score":0.7879191040992737},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C88862950","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11453","display_name":"Irrigation","level":2,"score":0.682058572769165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144938864","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4927286","display_name":"Randomized block design","level":2,"score":0.6309083700180054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6557445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173113","display_name":"Agronomy","level":1,"score":0.5676349401473999},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2910752175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7323119","display_name":"Rice water","level":3,"score":0.5587676763534546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778989504","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q745882","display_name":"System of Rice Intensification","level":3,"score":0.5426010489463806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204983608","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2111958","display_name":"Productivity","level":2,"score":0.5309118032455444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.5268710255622864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.5252998471260071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118518473","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11451","display_name":"Agriculture","level":2,"score":0.317255437374115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.1662442982196808},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780817911","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q383963","display_name":"Weevil","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139719470","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39680","display_name":"Macroeconomics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.2166/ws.2023.203","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2166/ws.2023.203","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/ws.2023.203","pdf_url":"https://iwaponline.com/ws/article-pdf/doi/10.2166/ws.2023.203/1271273/ws2023203.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S124453322","display_name":"Water Science & Technology Water Supply","issn_l":"1606-9749","issn":["1606-9749","1607-0798"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","oarl","poland-20","russia-white-list-3","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320298","host_organization_name":"IWA Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320298"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IWA Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Water Supply","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:f9da648740fb4a288fcd35247552633a","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/f9da648740fb4a288fcd35247552633a","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Water Supply, Vol 23, Iss 9, Pp 3563-3577 (2023)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.2166/ws.2023.203","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2166/ws.2023.203","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/ws.2023.203","pdf_url":"https://iwaponline.com/ws/article-pdf/doi/10.2166/ws.2023.203/1271273/ws2023203.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S124453322","display_name":"Water Science & Technology Water Supply","issn_l":"1606-9749","issn":["1606-9749","1607-0798"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","oarl","poland-20","russia-white-list-3","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320298","host_organization_name":"IWA Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320298"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IWA Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Water Supply","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Zero hunger","score":0.991100013256073,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2"},{"display_name":"Clean water and sanitation","score":0.6618000268936157,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/6"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4385741433.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4385741433.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":36,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1977128562","https://openalex.org/W1986547610","https://openalex.org/W2021638837","https://openalex.org/W2035087609","https://openalex.org/W2140657483","https://openalex.org/W2190148591","https://openalex.org/W2294006307","https://openalex.org/W2569293102","https://openalex.org/W2588364622","https://openalex.org/W2592913224","https://openalex.org/W2599680595","https://openalex.org/W2612724153","https://openalex.org/W2619769872","https://openalex.org/W2764080471","https://openalex.org/W2765607945","https://openalex.org/W2766787845","https://openalex.org/W2773227838","https://openalex.org/W2789760449","https://openalex.org/W2794398983","https://openalex.org/W2795737514","https://openalex.org/W2811258983","https://openalex.org/W2887594567","https://openalex.org/W2894679036","https://openalex.org/W2940949529","https://openalex.org/W2947641898","https://openalex.org/W2950524028","https://openalex.org/W2952925552","https://openalex.org/W2988788348","https://openalex.org/W3092749996","https://openalex.org/W3116069458","https://openalex.org/W3135113352","https://openalex.org/W3201775077","https://openalex.org/W3207831406","https://openalex.org/W4294009729","https://openalex.org/W4306173350","https://openalex.org/W4322495097"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4322495097","https://openalex.org/W2912190146","https://openalex.org/W3116069458","https://openalex.org/W2061878220","https://openalex.org/W4225947980","https://openalex.org/W7219947267","https://openalex.org/W2039975690","https://openalex.org/W2950524028","https://openalex.org/W3033771092","https://openalex.org/W4413177058"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"One":[1],"of":[2,15,21,45,193,213],"the":[3,11,19,37,43,80,103,127,139,197],"most":[4],"important":[5],"problems":[6],"for":[7,145],"rice":[8,100,194],"production":[9],"is":[10,30],"high":[12],"water":[13,56,143,226],"need":[14],"this":[16],"plant.":[17],"Therefore,":[18],"use":[20],"modern":[22],"technologies":[23],"to":[24,32,41,84,106,153,223],"increase":[25],"water-saving":[26,201],"in":[27,58,67,138,163,191],"paddy":[28],"fields":[29],"critical":[31],"global":[33],"food":[34],"security.":[35],"Hence,":[36],"present":[38],"study":[39],"aimed":[40],"evaluate":[42],"effects":[44],"different":[46],"planting":[47,86],"methods":[48,87,150],"and":[49,55,98,102,116,119,133,148,157,167,188,216],"irrigation":[50,108,112,121],"systems":[51,109,171],"on":[52],"growth,":[53],"yield":[54,130,162],"productivity":[57,144],"rice.":[59],"The":[60,76,123],"experiment":[61],"was":[62,136,172,184],"arranged":[63],"as":[64],"a":[65,68,220],"split-plot":[66],"randomized":[69],"complete":[70],"block":[71],"design":[72],"with":[73,205],"three":[74,85,107],"replications.":[75],"experimental":[77],"treatments":[78,190],"included":[79],"main":[81],"plot":[82],"assigned":[83,105],"(transplanting":[88],"at":[89,94],"puddled":[90],"bed":[91,96],"[TPB],":[92],"transplanting":[93],"non-puddled":[95],"[TNPB],":[97],"direct-seeded":[99],"[DSR])":[101],"sub-plot":[104],"(continuous":[110],"flooding":[111],"(CFI),":[113],"alternate":[114],"wetting":[115],"drying":[117],"[AWD],":[118],"drip":[120],"[DI]).":[122],"results":[124,208],"showed":[125],"that":[126,210],"highest":[128],"grain":[129],"(3962.7":[131],"kg.ha\u22121)":[132,166,170],"more-water-saving":[134],"(17.3%)":[135],"achieved":[137],"TPB":[140,217],"treatment.":[141],"Total":[142],"TPB,":[146],"TNPB,":[147],"DSR":[149],"were":[151],"calculated":[152],"be":[154],"0.56,":[155],"0.43,":[156],"0.34":[158],"kg.m\u22123,":[159],"respectively.":[160],"Grain":[161],"CFI":[164,187],"(3457.6":[165],"AWD":[168,189,198,214],"(3410.3":[169],"significantly":[173],"higher":[174],"than":[175],"DI":[176],"treatment":[177],"(3150.7":[178],"kg.ha\u22121),":[179],"while":[180],"no":[181],"significant":[182],"difference":[183],"observed":[185],"between":[186],"terms":[192],"production.":[195],"However,":[196],"system":[199,215],"increased":[200],"by":[202],"24.8%":[203],"compared":[204],"CFI.":[206],"Our":[207],"highlight":[209],"combined":[211],"application":[212],"method":[218],"has":[219],"great":[221],"potential":[222],"reduce":[224],"total":[225],"input":[227],"without":[228],"negatively":[229],"affecting":[230],"yield.":[231]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-16T09:59:22.235173","created_date":"2023-08-11T00:00:00"}
