{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4385647253","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eneco.2023.106917","title":"Net-zero targets for investment portfolios: An analysis of financed emissions metrics","display_name":"Net-zero targets for investment portfolios: An analysis of financed emissions metrics","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-08-09","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4385647253","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eneco.2023.106917"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.eneco.2023.106917","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eneco.2023.106917","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eneco.2023.106917","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S94499970","display_name":"Energy Economics","issn_l":"0140-9883","issn":["0140-9883","1873-6181"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a-star","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","fnege-2","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Energy Economics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eneco.2023.106917","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Alastair Fraser","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0372-8497","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0372-8497"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I129604602","display_name":"The University of Sydney","ror":"https://ror.org/0384j8v12","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I129604602"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Alastair Fraser","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Economics, University of Sydney, Australia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0372-8497","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Economics, University of Sydney, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I129604602"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043944492","display_name":"Tanya Fiedler","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7002-6391","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7002-6391"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I129604602","display_name":"The University of Sydney","ror":"https://ror.org/0384j8v12","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I129604602"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tanya Fiedler","raw_affiliation_strings":["The University of Sydney Business School, University of Sydney, Australia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The University of Sydney Business School, University of Sydney, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I129604602"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I129604602"],"apc_list":{"value":3310,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3310},"apc_paid":{"value":3310,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3310},"fwci":5.0646,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":30,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95643902,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"126","issue":null,"first_page":"106917","last_page":"106917"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13146","display_name":"Sustainable Finance and Green Bonds","score":0.9907000064849854,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2003","display_name":"Finance"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13146","display_name":"Sustainable Finance and Green Bonds","score":0.9907000064849854,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2003","display_name":"Finance"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10471","display_name":"Climate Change Policy and Economics","score":0.005400000140070915,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10115","display_name":"Corporate Social Responsibility Reporting","score":0.0017000000225380063,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1408","display_name":"Strategy and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/financed-emissions","display_name":"financed emissions","score":0.9010000228881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/net-zero-targets","display_name":"net-zero targets","score":0.8949999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/investment-portfolio","display_name":"investment portfolio","score":0.7549999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/paris-agreement","display_name":"Paris Agreement","score":0.6110000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tcfd","display_name":"TCFD","score":0.906000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/low-carbon-transition","display_name":"low-carbon transition","score":0.8519999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/greenhouse-gas-emissions","display_name":"greenhouse gas emissions","score":0.6069999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/climate-risk","display_name":"climate risk","score":0.47600001096725464}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47737302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q167336","display_name":"Greenhouse gas","level":2,"score":0.758118212223053},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780821815","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5340806","display_name":"Portfolio","level":2,"score":0.6824274063110352},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27548731","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q88272","display_name":"Investment (military)","level":3,"score":0.5272803902626038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C509746633","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q898653","display_name":"Climate change mitigation","level":3,"score":0.5174232721328735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132651083","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7942","display_name":"Climate change","level":2,"score":0.5156549215316772},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175605778","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3299701","display_name":"Natural resource economics","level":1,"score":0.49127906560897827},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.4837236702442169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780919918","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1668341","display_name":"Climate Finance","level":3,"score":0.4510643780231476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100405246","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8348417","display_name":"Emissions trading","level":3,"score":0.44537287950515747},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.4036540985107422},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.35693180561065674},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.eneco.2023.106917","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eneco.2023.106917","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eneco.2023.106917","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S94499970","display_name":"Energy Economics","issn_l":"0140-9883","issn":["0140-9883","1873-6181"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a-star","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","fnege-2","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Energy Economics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:eee:eneeco:v:126:y:2023:i:c:s0140988323004152","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140988323004152","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.eneco.2023.106917","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eneco.2023.106917","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eneco.2023.106917","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S94499970","display_name":"Energy Economics","issn_l":"0140-9883","issn":["0140-9883","1873-6181"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a-star","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","fnege-2","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Energy Economics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Climate action","score":1.0,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/13"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":11,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2259853171","https://openalex.org/W2330768275","https://openalex.org/W2337695238","https://openalex.org/W2804677512","https://openalex.org/W2933282054","https://openalex.org/W3009336910","https://openalex.org/W3112704922","https://openalex.org/W3121616976","https://openalex.org/W3135882536","https://openalex.org/W3153886194","https://openalex.org/W4200195241"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7153611029","https://openalex.org/W7082311937","https://openalex.org/W7168722864","https://openalex.org/W4412753725","https://openalex.org/W4399344012","https://openalex.org/W4386605141","https://openalex.org/W4377993034","https://openalex.org/W6996587773","https://openalex.org/W4387906925","https://openalex.org/W3158931585"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Financial":[0],"institutions":[1],"and":[2,39,65,129,139,144],"investors":[3,150],"aligning":[4],"their":[5,48,50,154],"investments":[6],"with":[7,47,156],"the":[8,11,15,30,44,58,134,157],"objectives":[9],"of":[10,121],"Paris":[12],"Agreement,":[13],"implementing":[14],"Task":[16],"Force":[17],"on":[18],"Climate":[19],"Disclosure":[20],"recommendations,":[21],"or":[22],"seeking":[23],"to":[24,32,88,159],"reduce":[25],"financial":[26],"risks":[27],"arising":[28],"from":[29,110],"transition":[31,158],"a":[33,80,94,111,118,160],"low-carbon":[34,161],"economy,":[35],"frequently":[36],"measure,":[37],"report,":[38],"set":[40],"reduction":[41,96],"targets":[42,140],"for":[43],"emissions":[45,64,83,99,109],"associated":[46],"investments\u2014called":[49],"\u2018financed":[51],"emissions.\u2019":[52],"In":[53],"this":[54],"paper,":[55],"we":[56],"analyse":[57,133],"relationships":[59],"between":[60],"reductions":[61,66,78],"in":[62,67,79,90,97,142],"financed":[63,82,98,136],"physical":[68,91,108],"atmospheric":[69],"emissions.":[70],"We":[71,132],"find":[72],"that,":[73],"unlike":[74],"country-level":[75],"GHG":[76],"targets,":[77],"portfolio\u2019s":[81,112],"has":[84],"little":[85],"direct":[86],"relation":[87],"changes":[89],"emissions;":[92],"over":[93],"95%":[95],"can":[100,151],"be":[101],"achieved":[102],"using":[103],"industry-standard":[104],"methods":[105],"even":[106],"while":[107],"companies":[113],"are":[114],"increasing.":[115],"This":[116],"creates":[117],"substantial":[119],"risk":[120],"misaligning":[122],"portfolios\u2014and":[123],"investment":[124],"decisions\u2014to":[125],"climate":[126],"mitigation":[127],"efforts":[128],"net-zero":[130],"commitments.":[131],"different":[135],"emission":[137],"definitions":[138],"currently":[141],"use":[143],"suggest":[145],"alternative":[146],"means":[147],"by":[148],"which":[149],"credibly":[152],"align":[153],"portfolios":[155],"economy.":[162]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-10T11:39:43.021295","created_date":"2023-08-09T00:00:00"}