{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4385555949","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su151511975","title":"Comparative Analysis of Helical Piles and Granular Anchor Piles for Foundation Stabilization in Expansive Soil: A 3D Numerical Study","display_name":"Comparative Analysis of Helical Piles and Granular Anchor Piles for Foundation Stabilization in Expansive Soil: A 3D Numerical Study","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-08-03","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4385555949","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su151511975"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/su151511975","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su151511975","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su151511975","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/15/15/11975/pdf?version=1691113414","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10134376","display_name":"Sustainability","issn_l":"2071-1050","issn":["2071-1050"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sustainability","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/15/15/11975/pdf?version=1691113414","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020504750","display_name":"Ammar Alnmr","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6326-4378","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6326-4378"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I83579964","display_name":"Sz\u00e9chenyi Istv\u00e1n University","ror":"https://ror.org/04091f946","country_code":"HU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I83579964"]}],"countries":["HU"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ammar Alnmr","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Structural and Geotechnical Engineering, Sz\u00e9chenyi Istv\u00e1n University, 9026 Gy\u0151r, Hungary"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6326-4378","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Structural and Geotechnical Engineering, Sz\u00e9chenyi Istv\u00e1n University, 9026 Gy\u0151r, Hungary","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I83579964"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015485999","display_name":"Richard Ray","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5225-5502","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5225-5502"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I83579964","display_name":"Sz\u00e9chenyi Istv\u00e1n University","ror":"https://ror.org/04091f946","country_code":"HU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I83579964"]}],"countries":["HU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Richard Paul Ray","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Structural and Geotechnical Engineering, Sz\u00e9chenyi Istv\u00e1n University, 9026 Gy\u0151r, Hungary"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5225-5502","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Structural and Geotechnical Engineering, Sz\u00e9chenyi Istv\u00e1n University, 9026 Gy\u0151r, Hungary","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I83579964"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055700580","display_name":"Rashad Alsirawan","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I83579964","display_name":"Sz\u00e9chenyi Istv\u00e1n University","ror":"https://ror.org/04091f946","country_code":"HU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I83579964"]}],"countries":["HU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rashad Alsirawan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Structural and Geotechnical Engineering, Sz\u00e9chenyi Istv\u00e1n University, 9026 Gy\u0151r, Hungary"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Structural and Geotechnical Engineering, Sz\u00e9chenyi Istv\u00e1n University, 9026 Gy\u0151r, Hungary","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I83579964"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5020504750"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I83579964"],"apc_list":{"value":2200,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2447},"apc_paid":{"value":2200,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2447},"fwci":1.5935,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":15,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.79722908,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"15","issue":"15","first_page":"11975","last_page":"11975"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11375","display_name":"Geotechnical Engineering and Soil Stabilization","score":0.8769999742507935,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11375","display_name":"Geotechnical Engineering and Soil Stabilization","score":0.8769999742507935,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10233","display_name":"Geotechnical Engineering and Soil Mechanics","score":0.10300000011920929,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11046","display_name":"Geotechnical Engineering and Analysis","score":0.014999999664723873,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/helical-piles","display_name":"helical piles","score":0.8289999961853027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/expansive-soil","display_name":"expansive soil","score":0.9879999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/foundation-stabilization","display_name":"foundation stabilization","score":0.9300000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pullout-capacity","display_name":"pullout capacity","score":0.7419999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/compressive-capacity","display_name":"compressive capacity","score":0.8050000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/uplift-resistance","display_name":"uplift resistance","score":0.8069999814033508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/relative-density","display_name":"relative density","score":0.7730000019073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/swelling-and-shrinkage","display_name":"swelling and shrinkage","score":0.7020000219345093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/three-dimensional-numerical-modeling","display_name":"three-dimensional numerical model","score":0.7319999933242798}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1121360","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1626102","display_name":"Expansive clay","level":3,"score":0.9121801853179932},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119560385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7193850","display_name":"Pile","level":2,"score":0.8983330726623535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187320778","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1349130","display_name":"Geotechnical engineering","level":1,"score":0.8612458109855652},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780966255","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5474306","display_name":"Foundation (evidence)","level":2,"score":0.6705067157745361},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780502288","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28838156","display_name":"Expansive","level":3,"score":0.6192304491996765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180145272","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7504144","display_name":"Shrinkage","level":2,"score":0.6144872903823853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C30407753","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186191","display_name":"Compressive strength","level":2,"score":0.596291720867157},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159750122","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q96621023","display_name":"Soil water","level":2,"score":0.44905805587768555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.40842539072036743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66938386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q633538","display_name":"Structural engineering","level":1,"score":0.37539851665496826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.3487573266029358},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.2041340470314026},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159390177","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9161265","display_name":"Soil science","level":1,"score":0.10458102822303772},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.06981533765792847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95457728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309","display_name":"History","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/su151511975","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su151511975","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su151511975","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/15/15/11975/pdf?version=1691113414","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10134376","display_name":"Sustainability","issn_l":"2071-1050","issn":["2071-1050"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sustainability","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:15:y:2023:i:15:p:11975-:d:1210191","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/15/15/11975/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/su151511975","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su151511975","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su151511975","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/15/15/11975/pdf?version=1691113414","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10134376","display_name":"Sustainability","issn_l":"2071-1050","issn":["2071-1050"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sustainability","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4385555949.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4385555949.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":59,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1968421505","https://openalex.org/W1969494635","https://openalex.org/W2003104548","https://openalex.org/W2032283069","https://openalex.org/W2038665903","https://openalex.org/W2038970569","https://openalex.org/W2079907209","https://openalex.org/W2093348122","https://openalex.org/W2107668159","https://openalex.org/W2151048747","https://openalex.org/W2156435624","https://openalex.org/W2168719885","https://openalex.org/W2184361918","https://openalex.org/W2185656941","https://openalex.org/W2287654963","https://openalex.org/W2289303649","https://openalex.org/W2333589494","https://openalex.org/W2473376209","https://openalex.org/W2555354887","https://openalex.org/W2766051567","https://openalex.org/W2768603406","https://openalex.org/W2770141586","https://openalex.org/W2797492728","https://openalex.org/W2927812074","https://openalex.org/W3091110300","https://openalex.org/W3108265975","https://openalex.org/W3119360010","https://openalex.org/W3134148098","https://openalex.org/W3134345548","https://openalex.org/W3146713190","https://openalex.org/W3158107369","https://openalex.org/W3172246419","https://openalex.org/W3182595271","https://openalex.org/W3184051906","https://openalex.org/W3187984769","https://openalex.org/W3189789449","https://openalex.org/W3212404970","https://openalex.org/W3214274654","https://openalex.org/W3215832661","https://openalex.org/W3216425035","https://openalex.org/W3217401772","https://openalex.org/W4206499463","https://openalex.org/W4225539619","https://openalex.org/W4229052997","https://openalex.org/W4281551303","https://openalex.org/W4281630953","https://openalex.org/W4281667493","https://openalex.org/W4281678211","https://openalex.org/W4283157859","https://openalex.org/W4283699471","https://openalex.org/W4283824299","https://openalex.org/W4288721988","https://openalex.org/W4310037826","https://openalex.org/W4311730628","https://openalex.org/W4319317183","https://openalex.org/W4324054853","https://openalex.org/W4381949031","https://openalex.org/W6853872045","https://openalex.org/W6903026278"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4319317183","https://openalex.org/W2766051567","https://openalex.org/W2151048747","https://openalex.org/W2999279245","https://openalex.org/W4402268716","https://openalex.org/W2003104548","https://openalex.org/W7199686844","https://openalex.org/W4402825270","https://openalex.org/W2768603406","https://openalex.org/W2899412704"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"study":[1,76],"investigates":[2],"the":[3,81,155,182,186,195,200,209,212,224,229,240,246],"performance":[4],"of":[5,89,105,146,157,185,211],"granular":[6,63,97,187],"anchor":[7,64,91,98],"piles":[8,11,45,65,99,102,160],"and":[9,26,86,107,120,132,203,243],"helical":[10,44,101],"in":[12,49,58,103,117,124,141,245],"expansive":[13,37,59,230],"soils.":[14,60],"Expansive":[15],"soils":[16],"pose":[17],"challenges":[18],"for":[19,33,70],"engineering":[20],"due":[21],"to":[22,39,79,115,122,162,169,174,199,218],"their":[23],"significant":[24,163],"swelling":[25],"shrinkage":[27],"characteristics.":[28],"Special":[29],"considerations":[30],"are":[31,152],"required":[32],"constructing":[34],"foundations":[35,57],"on":[36,128,194,208],"soil":[38,231],"mitigate":[40],"volumetric":[41],"changes.":[42],"While":[43],"provide":[46],"uplift":[47,72],"resistance":[48],"light":[50],"structures,":[51],"they":[52],"may":[53],"not":[54],"fully":[55],"stabilize":[56],"In":[61],"contrast,":[62],"offer":[66],"a":[67,190],"simpler":[68],"alternative":[69],"resisting":[71],"forces.":[73],"A":[74],"numerical":[75],"was":[77],"conducted":[78],"analyze":[80],"pullout":[82,106,118,196],"loads,":[83,85],"compressive":[84,108,125,201],"heave":[87,164,168],"behavior":[88],"these":[90],"techniques.":[92],"The":[93],"results":[94],"demonstrate":[95],"that":[96,181],"outperform":[100],"terms":[104],"performance,":[109],"with":[110],"improvements":[111],"ranging":[112],"from":[113],"17%":[114],"22.5%":[116],"capacity":[119],"0.5%":[121],"19%":[123],"capacity,":[126],"depending":[127,207],"specific":[129,150],"pile":[130,225,241],"lengths":[131],"diameters":[133],"examined.":[134],"However,":[135],"both":[136],"techniques":[137],"show":[138],"similar":[139],"effectiveness":[140],"reducing":[142],"heave,":[143],"achieving":[144],"reductions":[145],"over":[147],"90%":[148],"when":[149,223,239],"conditions":[151],"met.":[153],"Additionally,":[154],"use":[156],"high-rise":[158],"cap":[159,176],"contributes":[161],"reduction,":[165],"effectively":[166],"minimizing":[167],"nearly":[170],"negligible":[171],"levels":[172],"compared":[173,198],"low-rise":[175],"piles.":[177],"It":[178],"is":[179,216,226,237],"found":[180],"relative":[183,221,235],"density":[184,222,236],"material":[188],"has":[189],"more":[191],"pronounced":[192],"effect":[193],"load":[197],"load,":[202],"its":[204],"impact":[205],"varies":[206],"length":[210],"pile.":[213],"Therefore,":[214],"it":[215],"recommended":[217],"avoid":[219],"high":[220],"entirely":[227],"within":[228],"while":[232],"utilizing":[233],"higher":[234],"beneficial":[238],"penetrates":[242],"settles":[244],"stable":[247],"zone.":[248]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":10}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2023-08-04T00:00:00"}
