{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4385353191","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4236/ojmsi.2023.113006","title":"Effectiveness of COVID-19 Vaccine Doses in Children: Case of Lake Region Economic Bloc-Kenya","display_name":"Effectiveness of COVID-19 Vaccine Doses in Children: Case of Lake Region Economic Bloc-Kenya","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4385353191","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4236/ojmsi.2023.113006"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.4236/ojmsi.2023.113006","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4236/ojmsi.2023.113006","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.4236/ojmsi.2023.113006","pdf_url":"https://www.scirp.org/pdf/ojmsi_2023072814343595.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210207300","display_name":"Open Journal of Modelling and Simulation","issn_l":"2327-4018","issn":["2327-4018","2327-4026"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320480","host_organization_name":"Scientific Research Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320480"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Scientific Research Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Open Journal of Modelling and Simulation","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://www.scirp.org/pdf/ojmsi_2023072814343595.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029653723","display_name":"Shem Otoi Sam","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3696-7366","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3696-7366"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shem Otoi Sam","raw_affiliation_strings":["Senior Scientist Lake Region Economic Bloc Kenya, Kisumu, Kenya"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Senior Scientist Lake Region Economic Bloc Kenya, Kisumu, Kenya","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5092562122","display_name":"Naomy Odero Onyuka","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Naomy Onyuka","raw_affiliation_strings":["Lake Region Economic Bloc researcher, Kisumu, Kenya"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Lake Region Economic Bloc researcher, Kisumu, Kenya","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110341165","display_name":"Michael Audi","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michael Audi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Lake Region Economic Bloc researcher, Kisumu, Kenya"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Lake Region Economic Bloc researcher, Kisumu, Kenya","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109852518","display_name":"Khama O. Rogo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9213-0838","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9213-0838"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Khama Rogo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Chair Lake Region Economic Bloc COVID-19 Advisory Committee, Kisumu, Kenya"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chair Lake Region Economic Bloc COVID-19 Advisory Committee, Kisumu, Kenya","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"11","issue":"03","first_page":"88","last_page":"97"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10118","display_name":"SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research","score":0.9965999722480774,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10118","display_name":"SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research","score":0.9965999722480774,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10833","display_name":"Vaccine Coverage and Hesitancy","score":0.0019000000320374966,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3306","display_name":"Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10410","display_name":"COVID-19 epidemiological studies","score":0.000699999975040555,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2611","display_name":"Modeling and Simulation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/covid-19-vaccines","display_name":"COVID-19 vaccines","score":0.9240000247955322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/number-of-vaccine-doses","display_name":"vaccine dose number","score":0.47699999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/children","display_name":"children","score":0.5180000066757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adolescents","display_name":"adolescents","score":0.746999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vaccine-effectiveness","display_name":"vaccine effectiveness","score":0.7839999794960022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/breakthrough-infection","display_name":"breakthrough infection","score":0.9539999961853027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/relative-risk","display_name":"relative risk","score":0.6769999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vaccination-coverage","display_name":"vaccination coverage","score":0.6200000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sars-cov-2","display_name":"SARS-CoV-2","score":0.7279999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/immunization","display_name":"immunization","score":0.31299999356269836}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777704310","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7300322","display_name":"Reactogenicity","level":4,"score":0.9578827619552612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.8034389019012451},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22070199","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192995","display_name":"Vaccination","level":2,"score":0.6510435342788696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C82789193","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2142611","display_name":"Relative risk","level":3,"score":0.6064665913581848},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C156957248","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1862216","display_name":"Odds ratio","level":2,"score":0.5091010928153992},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780868878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1660197","display_name":"Immunogenicity","level":3,"score":0.5057528018951416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187212893","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q123028","display_name":"Pediatrics","level":1,"score":0.4770171642303467},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149923435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732","display_name":"Demography","level":1,"score":0.3278498649597168},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203014093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929","display_name":"Immunology","level":1,"score":0.2540281414985657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44249647","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208498","display_name":"Confidence interval","level":2,"score":0.25089430809020996},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.22869151830673218},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8891405","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1059","display_name":"Immune system","level":2,"score":0.10103943943977356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.4236/ojmsi.2023.113006","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4236/ojmsi.2023.113006","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.4236/ojmsi.2023.113006","pdf_url":"https://www.scirp.org/pdf/ojmsi_2023072814343595.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210207300","display_name":"Open Journal of Modelling and Simulation","issn_l":"2327-4018","issn":["2327-4018","2327-4026"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320480","host_organization_name":"Scientific Research Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320480"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Scientific Research Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Open Journal of Modelling and Simulation","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.4236/ojmsi.2023.113006","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4236/ojmsi.2023.113006","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.4236/ojmsi.2023.113006","pdf_url":"https://www.scirp.org/pdf/ojmsi_2023072814343595.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210207300","display_name":"Open Journal of Modelling and Simulation","issn_l":"2327-4018","issn":["2327-4018","2327-4026"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320480","host_organization_name":"Scientific Research Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320480"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Scientific Research Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Open Journal of Modelling and Simulation","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.9940000176429749,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Observational Study","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320307765","display_name":"Pfizer","ror":"https://ror.org/01xdqrp08"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320326162","display_name":"ELMA Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/05t4znb80"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332718","display_name":"Pfizer Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/01xdqrp08"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4385353191.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4385353191.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":14,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W3084549970","https://openalex.org/W3133502116","https://openalex.org/W3187351313","https://openalex.org/W3191038217","https://openalex.org/W3209691763","https://openalex.org/W3212487860","https://openalex.org/W4200320281","https://openalex.org/W4212941548","https://openalex.org/W4280546528","https://openalex.org/W4283213568","https://openalex.org/W4291001945","https://openalex.org/W4295747815","https://openalex.org/W4296682430","https://openalex.org/W4308059494"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4223975373","https://openalex.org/W4391131046","https://openalex.org/W4318753800","https://openalex.org/W7134978828","https://openalex.org/W4408034373","https://openalex.org/W4380882114","https://openalex.org/W4317486525","https://openalex.org/W7162892096","https://openalex.org/W4378515186","https://openalex.org/W4221071052"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Introduction:":[0],"Vaccination":[1],"of":[2,10,59,66,95,149,172,194,276,280,300,349,353,422],"children":[3,47,150,363],"has":[4],"experienced":[5],"delays":[6],"due":[7],"to":[8,81,174,196,234,238,311,316,405],"paucity":[9],"information":[11],"regarding":[12],"safety,":[13],"effectiveness,":[14],"immunogenicity,":[15],"and":[16,26,39,56,90,104,127,141,156,250,338,344,407,410],"reactogenicity.":[17],"Age":[18],"wise":[19],"approval":[20],"prioritized":[21],"12":[22,49,96,200,257],"-":[23,29,50,97,188,201,218,230,258,266,290,307],"17":[24,51,98,202,259],"years":[25,35,99,203,260],"later":[27],"5":[28,34],"11":[30],"years.":[31],"Those":[32],"below":[33],"possess":[36],"na?ve":[37],"immunity":[38],"not":[40,142,240],"considered.":[41],"In":[42,292],"Lake":[43],"Region":[44],"Economic":[45],"Bloc":[46],"aged":[48,199,256],"variably":[52],"received":[53,152,210],"1,":[54,154],"2,":[55,155],"3":[57,128,157,223,278,298,377,420],"doses":[58,68,158,206,224,249,279,299,378,421],"vaccine.":[60],"This":[61],"analysis":[62,110,137,148],"looks":[63],"into":[64],"effectiveness":[65],"the":[67,136,191,243,269,273,330,333,360,394,398],"administered.":[69],"Method:":[70],"Data":[71,94,133],"providers":[72],"from":[73,143,356],"84":[74],"LREB":[75],"facilities":[76],"submitted":[77],"patients\u2019":[78],"vaccination":[79],"data":[80],"Power":[82],"BI":[83],"supported":[84],"dashboard":[85],"between":[86,246],"June":[87],"24,":[88],"2021":[89],"July":[91],"30,":[92],"2022.":[93],"old":[100],"was":[101,138,159],"mined,":[102],"analyzed":[103],"visualized.":[105],"Sample":[106],"sizes":[107],"considered":[108],"for":[109,253],"were":[111,366],"0":[112],"dose,":[113,118,332],"n":[114,119,124,130],"=":[115,120,125,131],"8132;":[116],"1":[117,251,283],"271;":[121],"2":[122,205,248,319],"doses,":[123,129,346,409],"402,":[126],"90.":[132],"used":[134],"in":[135,371],"facility":[139],"operational":[140],"experimental":[144],"design.":[145],"Relative":[146],"risk":[147,171,193,245,275,352,365,417],"who":[151,209,296],"0,":[153],"done":[160],"using":[161],"Odds":[162],"Ratio":[163],"run":[164],"on":[165],"R":[166],"software.":[167],"Results:":[168],"The":[169],"relative":[170,192,244,274],"infection":[173,195,314,354],"a":[175,197,254,294],"child":[176,198,221,255,295],"with":[177,204,222,318,368,381],"one":[178,375],"dose":[179,212,252,284,323,335,389,400],"against":[180,207,282,413],"unvaccinated":[181],"counterpart":[182],"is":[183,213,225,261,285,302],"0.92":[184],"(95%":[185,215,227,263,287,304],"CI,":[186,216,228,264,288,305],"0.61":[187],"1.43).":[189],"Likewise":[190],"another":[208,239,317],"no":[211],"0.87":[214],"0.63":[217],"1.24).":[219],"A":[220],"46%":[226],"27%":[229],"84%)":[231],"less":[232,309],"likely":[233,310],"get":[235],"infected":[236],"compared":[237,315,404],"vaccinated.":[241],"Also,":[242],"having":[247,277],"0.95":[262],"0.55":[265],"1.6).":[267],"For":[268],"same":[270],"age":[271],"group":[272],"vaccines":[281],"51%":[286],"26%":[289],"100%).":[291],"addition,":[293],"receives":[297],"vaccine":[301],"53%":[303],"28%":[306],"100%)":[308],"experience":[312],"breakthrough":[313],"doses.":[320,358],"Whereas":[321],"1st":[322,343,395,406],"offers":[324,336,401],"(5%)":[325],"marginal":[326,391],"protection":[327,341,392,403],"advantage":[328],"over":[329,342,393],"2nd":[331,345,388,408],"3r":[334],"49%":[337],"47%":[339],"more":[340,412],"respectively,":[347],"because":[348],"incremental":[350],"reduced":[351],"gained":[355],"previous":[357],"During":[359],"period,":[361],"15":[362],"at":[364,416],"admitted":[367],"COVID-19":[369],"infections":[370],"various":[372],"regional":[373],"hospitals,":[374],"had":[376,390],"but":[379],"confounded":[380],"severe":[382],"comorbidity.":[383],"Conclusion:":[384],"We":[385],"found":[386],"that":[387],"dose.":[396],"However,":[397],"3rd":[399],"extensive":[402],"protects":[411],"hospitalization.":[414],"Children":[415],"should":[418],"receive":[419],"vaccines.":[423]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-30T12:39:25.321706","created_date":"2023-07-29T00:00:00"}