{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4384520660","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21608/ncj.2003.307677","title":"\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a","display_name":"\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a","publication_year":2003,"publication_date":"2003-11-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4384520660","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21608/ncj.2003.307677"},"language":"ar","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.21608/ncj.2003.307677","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21608/ncj.2003.307677","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.21608/ncj.2003.307677","pdf_url":"https://ncj.journals.ekb.eg/article_307677_fe8b413bcf58553b5c212606375e5703.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210169648","display_name":"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629","issn_l":"0028-0054","issn":["0028-0054","2974-4849"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4323237894","host_organization_name":"Egypts Presidential Specialized Council for Education and Scientific Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4323237894"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Egypts Presidential Specialized Council for Education and Scientific Research"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://ncj.journals.ekb.eg/article_307677_fe8b413bcf58553b5c212606375e5703.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5092484649","display_name":"\u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0644","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"\u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0644","raw_affiliation_strings":["\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0626\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0626\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5092484649"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.73780286,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":93},"biblio":{"volume":"46","issue":"3","first_page":"85","last_page":"112"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14115","display_name":"Legal processes and jurisprudence","score":0.5321999788284302,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14115","display_name":"Legal processes and jurisprudence","score":0.5321999788284302,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14493","display_name":"Criminal Law and Evidence","score":0.2515000104904175,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10751","display_name":"Forensic and Genetic Research","score":0.17900000512599945,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1311","display_name":"Genetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dna-evidence","display_name":"DNA evidence","score":0.6309999823570251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/forensic-dna-profiling","display_name":"forensic DNA profiling","score":0.4560000002384186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/criminal-evidence","display_name":"criminal evidence","score":0.8289999961853027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/criminal-investigation","display_name":"criminal investigation","score":0.41600000858306885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/evidence-collection","display_name":"evidence collection","score":0.4009999930858612}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.30605369806289673}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.21608/ncj.2003.307677","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21608/ncj.2003.307677","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.21608/ncj.2003.307677","pdf_url":"https://ncj.journals.ekb.eg/article_307677_fe8b413bcf58553b5c212606375e5703.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210169648","display_name":"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629","issn_l":"0028-0054","issn":["0028-0054","2974-4849"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4323237894","host_organization_name":"Egypts Presidential Specialized Council for Education and Scientific Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4323237894"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Egypts Presidential Specialized Council for Education and Scientific Research"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.21608/ncj.2003.307677","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21608/ncj.2003.307677","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.21608/ncj.2003.307677","pdf_url":"https://ncj.journals.ekb.eg/article_307677_fe8b413bcf58553b5c212606375e5703.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210169648","display_name":"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629","issn_l":"0028-0054","issn":["0028-0054","2974-4849"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4323237894","host_organization_name":"Egypts Presidential Specialized Council for Education and Scientific Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4323237894"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Egypts Presidential Specialized Council for Education and Scientific Research"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.8046000003814697,"display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4384520660.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4384520660.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4410265818","https://openalex.org/W2581341099","https://openalex.org/W4410267451","https://openalex.org/W7135263280","https://openalex.org/W7172132713","https://openalex.org/W2949919232","https://openalex.org/W4210538233","https://openalex.org/W7160878724","https://openalex.org/W6885076734","https://openalex.org/W7128467669"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"\u0644\u0627\u0634\u0643":[0],"\u0641\u064a":[1,27,34,54,63,73,106],"\u0627\u0646":[2,18],"\u0645\u0646\u0639":[3],"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0631\u0645":[4],"\u0645\u0646":[5,11,47,90],"\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0628":[6],"\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0645\u0629":[7,20],"\u0648\u0636\u0628\u0637\u0647":[8],"\u0628\u0639\u062f":[9],"\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0627":[10],"\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644":[12],"\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0629":[13],"\u0644\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0629":[14],"\u062f\u0648\u0646":[15],"\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644":[16],"\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645.":[17],"\u0636\u0628\u0637":[19],"\u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u064a":[21],"\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0628\u0633\u0627":[22],"\u0628\u0647\u0627":[23],"\u0644\u0627":[24],"\u064a\u062b\u064a\u0631":[25],"\u0635\u0639\u0648\u0628\u0629":[26],"\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644":[28],"\u0627\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627":[29],"\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647,":[30],"\u0644\u0643\u0646":[31],"\u062a\u0638\u0647\u0631":[32],"\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u0648\u0628\u0629":[33],"\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629":[35],"\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0645":[36],"\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a":[37,80,93],"\u064a\u0647\u0631\u0628":[38],"\u0645\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0641\u0648\u0647\u0627":[39],"\u0641\u064a\u0635\u0628\u062d":[40],"\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0647\u0627":[41],"\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0628\u0627":[42],"\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0637":[43],"\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0627\u0629.":[44],"\u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643":[45],"\u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d":[46],"\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645":[48],"\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645":[49],"\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644":[50],"\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a":[51],"\u064a\u062e\u0644\u0641\u0647":[52],"\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u064a":[53],"\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646":[55],"\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0645\u0629,":[56],"\u0645\u0645\u0627":[57],"\u064a\u062f\u0641\u0639":[58],"\u0627\u0644\u064a":[59,78,88],"\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b":[60],"\u0639\u0646":[61],"\u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f":[62],"\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644":[64],"\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a.":[65],"\u0648\u064a\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636":[66],"\u0647\u0630\u0627":[67],"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644":[68],"\u0627\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629":[69],"\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0646\u0629":[70],"\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0636":[71],"\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a":[72],"\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a":[74],"\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a,":[75],"\u062b\u0645":[76],"\u064a\u062a\u0637\u0631\u0642":[77],"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a":[79],"\u0642\u062f":[81],"\u062a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647":[82],"\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a":[83],"\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0645\u0629":[84,104],"\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0629.":[85],"\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u062a":[86],"\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629":[87],"\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629":[89],"\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c":[91],"\u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a":[92],"\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0632":[94],"\u0639\u0644\u064a":[95,102],"\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628":[96],"\u0645\u0623\u0645\u0648\u0631\u064a":[97],"\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0637":[98],"\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a":[99],"\u0648\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u062a":[100],"\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642":[101],"\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0630":[103],"\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0629":[105],"\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a.":[107]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-08-21T09:56:20.448147","created_date":"2023-07-18T00:00:00"}
